What role do bacteria play during the nitrogen cycle?

turn nitrogen gas into a form that living things can use

How does energy move through most ecosystems on Earth?

sun to producers, to consumers, to decomposers

An estuary functions as a mineral trap due to

the mixing action of river and ocean water

Which of the following best describes a population?

members of the same species living in the same place

What mainly distinguishes nekton from benthos?

One swims freely and the other lives attached to a surface

As you travel form the North Pole toward the equator, you would expect to see

tundra, grasslands, then tropical rain forests

has a layer of soil that is permanently frozen

Why is it important to use unbiased methods in scientific research?

They help scientists to better characterize nature.

If you visited a savanna, you would likely see

large herds of grazing animals like gazelles and giraffes

Which statement describes how humans are affecting the balance of carbon in the atmosphere?

Burning fossil fuels has increase the amount of CO2.

are ecosystems with both salt and freshwater present

The energy lost between trophic levels

is used in the course of normal living

Which of the following about the nitrogen cycle is NOT true?

Plants generate nitrogen in their roots.

Plants play a crucial role in the carbon cycle because they

allow carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis

are usually described by their vegitation

Tropical rain forests are threatened by

deforestation and trade of rain forest plants and animals

Which of the following statements about an organism's habitat is NOT true?

Organisms can survive if they are taken from their habitat.

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Env. Sci. Exam Review 4 - 8 Quia Due 4/25 by 8 PM

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Environmental science final exam review

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Questions 40

Answers

1
The majority of marine organisms are found in
None of these
shallow, coastal waters
fisheries
deep ocean waters
2
Why doesn't photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water?
The salinity level of the water is too high.
There is no sunlight.
There are not enough nutrients.
The water temperature is too cold.
3
What role do bacteria play during the nitrogen cycle?
turn nitrogen gas into a form that living things can use
turn nitrogen into phosphates
convert nitrogen into water for use by living things
store nitrogen in waste
4
How does energy move through most ecosystems on Earth?
sun to decomposers, to producers to consumers
sun to producers, to consumers, to decomposers
sun, to producers, to consumers
sun to consumers to producers back to consumers
5
An estuary functions as a mineral trap due to
its storing of pesticides from agricultural runoff
the filtering action of bottom-feeding fish
its great depth and sticky sediment
the mixing action of river and ocean water
6
Which of the following best describes a population?
all the red birds in an area
members of the same species living in the same place
all types of organisms living in the same place
all members of the same species
7
What mainly distinguishes nekton from benthos?
One is a predator and the other is a primary producer.
One swims freely and the other lives attached to a surface
freshwater versus saltwater
All of these.
8
What causes most coastal pollution in the US?
temperature changes
overfishing
lakes and ponds
industrial waste and sewage
9
As you travel form the North Pole toward the equator, you would expect to see
temperate deciduous forests, then taiga, then tropical rain
tropical rain forests, then deserts, then taiga
taiga, then desert, then tundra
tundra, grasslands, then tropical rain forests
10
The tundra
All of these
has a layer of soil that is permanently frozen
is too cold to support life
is resistant to environmental damage because of cold
11
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
littoral zones and benthic zones
rivers and streams
marshes and swamps
lakes and ponds
12
Population size ____________ between the time it overshoots carrying capacity to stabilization.
continues to increase at a steady rate
remains stable
declines steadily
decreases before it stabilizes
13
If evolution occurs in a population, individuals with the "naturally selected trait" must
live a long time
leave the area
coevolve
reproduce
14
What term is used to refer to the many feeding relationships that are possible in an ecosystem?
food web
food chain
energy pyramid
energy transfer
15
Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?
herbivores
all of these
decomposers
omnivores
16
An insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect, how much energy is transferred to the bird?
50%
10%
1%
90%
17
Which of the following belong to the same populations?
spider and a cockroach
dog and cat
human mother and child
marigold and geranium
18
The distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees, is called
altitude
magnitude
latitude
longitude
19
Organisms can adapt
to other organisms
Neither a nor b
Both a and b
to their physical surroundings
20
Which organism produces the most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem?
phytoplankton
barnacles
zooplankton
fish
21
The energy in most ecosystems comes from
wind
green plants
the sun
all of these
22
Why is it important to use unbiased methods in scientific research?
They produce more data than biased methods.
They are easier to develop than biased methods.
They help scientists to better characterize nature.
They are more persuasive to the public.
23
The main factor that determines what type of plants grow in a biome is
precipitation
temperature
both a and b
altitude
24
Which of the following describes soil and temperature in an ecosystem?
abiotic factors
biotic factors
selection factors
unnecessary factors
25
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
pesticides
sewage
oil spills
All of these
26
If you visited a savanna, you would likely see
snow and ice
a coastal ecosystem
large herds of grazing animals like gazelles and giraffes
a dense forest
27
Which statement describes how humans are affecting the balance of carbon in the atmosphere?
Fewer crops are planted, reducing the amount of CO2.
Overgrazing of grasslands has reduced the amount of CO2.
Burning fossil fuels has increase the amount of CO2.
Severe drought has decreased the amount of CO2.
28
Estuaries
are always freshwater ecosystems
are always saltwater ecosystems.
prevent the development of salt marshes
are ecosystems with both salt and freshwater present
29
________ makes up 78% our our atmosphere but can only be used when transformed by bacteria?
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
30
The energy lost between trophic levels
is used in the course of normal living
evaporates in the atomospher
can be captured only by parasite organisms
cools the surrounding environment
31
Which of the following about the nitrogen cycle is NOT true?
Plants generate nitrogen in their roots.
Decomposers break down waste to yield ammonia.
Animals get nitrogen by eating plants or other animals.
Nitrogen moves between the atmosphere and living things.
32
When two species change genetically in response to long-term interactions with each other is
coevolution
artificial selection
resistance
selective breeding
33
Plants play a crucial role in the carbon cycle because they
do not release CO2 during cellular respiration
are chemically converted into fossil fuels when burned
allow carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis
have special bacteria that live in their root systems
34
Threats to ocean ecosystems include
All of these
sewage and algal bloom
nutrient runoff and industrial waste discharges
overfishing and entanglement of marine mammals in trawl nets
35
Which of the following is NOT an environmental function of wetlands?
controlling flooding
increasing runoff
absorbing and removing pollutants from water
trapping carbon that would othewise be released into the air
36
Biomes
contain two ecosystems
are usually described by their vegitation
All of these
exist in limited regions of the world
37
Tropical rain forests are threatened by
deforestation and trade of rain forest plants and animals
a decrease in rainfall at the equator
a decrease in the average temperature at the equator
a thinning of the soil
38
What type of succession occurs after a natural process such as a volcanic eruption or flood?
old-field succession
climax community
primary succession
secondary succession
39
The types of organisms found in a pond or lake depend on
the presences of nutrients
the temperature of the water
the amount of sunlight available
All of these
40
Which of the following statements about an organism's habitat is NOT true?
It has specific characteristics for an organism to live.
Organisms can survive if they are taken from their habitat.
An organism's habitat is the place where it lives.
A habitat contains biotic and abiotic factors.

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