stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
AP Psychology Review: Thinking/ Language and Intelligence Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
AP Psychology Review: Thinking/ Language and Intelligence
AP Psychology Review: Thinking/ Language and Intelligence
76 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
13 plays
Chapter 9 (Thinking and Language) and Chapter 10 (Intelligence) review for the AP exam.
Flashcards
76 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
76
Answers
1
Which is the correct order of the stages of language development?
One-word, babbling, resembles household lang., two-word, complete sentences
Babbling, resembles household lang., two-word, one-word, complete sentences
Resembles household lang., babbling, two-word, one-word, complete sentences
Babbling, resembles household lang., one-word, two-word, complete sentences
2
If you want to be sure of finding the solution to a problem, you should use:
An algorithm
Insight
a heuristic
Trial and error
3
Framing is...
The way an issue is presented
Showing someone evidence against their belief to make them change it
Forcing someone to believe in something
Making false evidence against someone
4
Which intelligence score represents the mildest degree of mental retardation?
30-50
70-100
70-90
50-70
5
What is an algorithm?
A mental image
A sudden realization
A methodical, logical rule or procedure
A simple thinking strategy
6
When does the two-word stage of language development usually begin?
12 months
20 months
24 months
16 months
7
Which part of the brain controls language reception?
Wernicke's Area
Amygdala
Broca's area
Frontal love
8
Which one is NOT one of Robert Sternberg’s Three Intelligences?
Analytic Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence
Practical Intelligence
Creative Intelligence
9
Whose hypothesis of linguistic determinism claimed that language determines the way we think?
Gardner
Skinner
Chomsky
Whorf
10
Phonemes are the basic units of ________ in language and morphemes are the basic units of ________ in language.
Sound, meaning
Grammar, sound
Meaning, sound
Syntax, meaning
11
What are the characteristics of a normal curve?
Bell shaped with most scores near the average and fewer scores at extremes.
Concave up parabola with most scores at extremes and fewer at the average
12
Representative heuristics judge the likelihood of things in terms of how they match certain __________.
Prototypes
Beliefs
Memories
Feelings
13
When someone's pre-existing beliefs distort his/her logical reasoning, it is called…
Belief perseverance
Belief Bias
Overconfidence
Framing
14
Deriving meaning from sentences and words involves the rules of:
Grammar
Syntax
Semantics
Phonemes
15
What is the condition where a person limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, like math/drawing?
Autism
Savant Syndrome
Factor Analysis
Creativity
16
A mental set involves:
Not being able to see a problem from a new perspective
Approaching a problem in a certain way that worked in the past
Having set of images in your mind about something
Solving a problem using an algorithm
17
What does it mean for a test to be reliable?
It yields consistent results
It yields varied results
18
The theory where people’s abilities are classified into eight intelligences, which include a broad range of skills is...
Sternberg’s triarchic theory
Spearman’s general intelligence theory
Thurstone’s primary mental abilities theory
Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory
19
In regards to the bilingual advantage, which is most true about bilingual children…
Score better on tests than monolingual children
Are able to inhibit their attention to information that is irrelevant
Are better writers and speakers
Have better memorization skills
20
What defines meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group?
Standardization
Normal Curve
Validity
Factor Analysis
21
How many phonemes does the word CHAT have?
2
1
3
4
22
Do animals have the ability to communicate?
No
Yes
23
How is predictive validity assessed?
By determining the consistency of scores between two separate tests.
By determining the consistency of scores on two halves of the test
By computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior
By measuring the length of the test.
24
What is the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions?
Happiness
Analytical Intelligence
Creative Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence
25
What is the difference between Gardner’s and Sternberg’s theories of intelligence?
Gardner’s theory had 3 intelligences, while Sternberg’s theory had 8.
Gardner theorized 3 intelligences, and Sternberg one general intelligence.
Gardner’s theory had 8 intelligences, while Sternberg’s theory had 3.
Gardner did not have a theory of intelligence, while Sternberg did.
26
What is the angular gyrus responsible for in the brain?
Controlling speech muscles
Interpreting auditory code
Transforming visual representations into an auditory code
Pronouncing words
27
Belief perseverance is when one…
Is more confident than correct
Only believes in one way of solving a problem
Does not take into consideration others’ opinions
Clings to a certain belief despite info. used being discredited
28
Functional fixedness and mental set are types of:
Heuristic
Algorithm
Fixation
Insight
29
People who share the same genes tend to share comparable mental abilities.
True
False
30
Availability heuristics estimate the likelihood of events based on their availability in __________.
memory
prototypes
feelings
belief
31
What is intuition?
A sudden realization
A thinking strategy
An effortless and automatic feeling of thought
A strategy to problem solving
32
What is insight?
Using another’s opinion as the solution to your problem
A sudden realization of the solution to a problem
Using a rule of thumb to come to a solution
Using a complex method to solve an issue
33
What is the level of performance typically associated with a certain chronological age, devised by Binet?
Mental Age
Stanford-Binet
Age
IQ
34
When does the babbling speech sounds stage usually begin for babies?
3 months
2 months
4 months
5 months
35
What is the average IQ score defined as?
125
100
70
90
36
General intelligence (g) is not measured by every task on an intelligence test.
False
True
37
Who tends to have better emotion-detecting ability?
Males
Females
38
__________ argues that we are biologically prepared to learn language.
Skinner
Gardner
Whorf
Chomsky
39
What is a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21?
Schizophrenia
Down Syndrome
Cerebral Palsy
Autism
40
What is content validity?
The extent to which a person can study a certain amount of content.
The extent to which a test yields consistent results.
The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.
The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed for.
41
When does babbling usually begin to resemble the household language?
12 months
8 months
10 months
6 months
42
What is a heuristic?
A mental image
A sudden realization
A logical rule
A simple thinking strategy
43
Functional fixedness is when you...
Approach a problem in a way that was successful in the past
Cannot see a problem from a new perspective
Only approach a problem a certain way
Only think of the familiar uses of objects
44
What is NOT an example of an intelligence test?
Stanford-Binet
WAIS
SAT
MMPI
45
The mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt is...
Mental Age
General Intelligence
Intelligence
Factor Analysis
46
Through the decades, intelligence test performance has been improving. This worldwide phenomena is called...
Factor Effect
Intelligence Effect
Mental Effect
Flynn Effect
47
What are the conditions for a psychological test to be widely accepted?
The test results must be largely varied.
It must cover a wide range of topics.
It must be the same every year.
It must be standardized, reliable, and valid.
48
What is reliability?
the extent to which the test predicts future performance
the extent to which a test yields correct answers
The extent to which a test yields consistent results
49
Which is NOT scored on the WAIS intelligence test?
Verbal comprehension
Perceptual organization
Working memory
Emotional capacity
50
__________ proposed that language is learned through association, imitation, and reinforcement.
Skinner
Chomsky
Whorf
Gardner
51
What is a condition of limited mental ability indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below?
Savant Syndrome
Down Syndrome
Bipolar Disorder
Mental Retardation
52
During which stage do children usually use telegraphic speech (short simple sentences)?
Babbling
One word Stage
Two word stage
When babbling resembles household language
53
How do you calculate IQ?
(Mental age/100) x chronological age
(Mental age/chronological age) x 100
(chronological age/mental age) x 100
(Chronological age/100) x mental age
54
Factor analysis is used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score.
True
False
55
Which part of the brain receives written words as visual stimulation?
Visual cortex
Angular gyrus
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
56
Achievement tests reflect what you’ve learned, while aptitude tests predict your ability to learn a new skill.
False
True
57
Which area of the brain controls language expression?
Temporal lobe
Hypothalamus
Broca's area
Wernicke’s area
58
Someone is overconfident when he…
Makes impulsive decisions
Thinks he is better than everyone else
Is more confident than correct
Is not open to other opinions
59
At how many months does the one word stage of language development usually begin?
12
10
4
6
60
What is a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype?
Learned helplessness
Overconfidence
Stereotype threat
Self-confirming bias
61
What are all of the categories of intelligence in Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory?
Language,Math,Musical,Spatial, Kinesthetic, Intra/Interpersonal, Naturalist
One general intelligence
Word fluency,verbal comprehension, spatial ability,perceptual speed, memory
Analytical, Creative, and Practical Intelligences
62
An intelligence score of 35-50 will cause an individual to...
require constant aid and support.
progress to second grade level academically.
be generally unable to profit from vocational training.
progress to sixth grade level academically.
63
What is the impairment of language called?
Language disadvantage
Language Disorder
Aphasia
Dyslexia
64
WAIS has 11 verbal/ performance subtests, providing an overall score along with a score for each subtest.
False
True
65
The English language has about ___ phonemes.
10
40
20
30
66
Which of the following does not always yield the right answer?
Heuristic
Algorithm
67
Which one is NOT part of Sternberg’s five components of creativity?
Expertise
Creative Environment
Extrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation
68
Intelligence is a general intelligence factor that underlies specific mental abilities.
True
False
69
Females' mental ability scores tend to vary more than males'.
True
False
70
What does an intelligence score below 20 mean in regards to degrees of mental retardation?
Mild: May learn academic skills up to sixth-grade level.
Moderate: Individuals may progress to second-grade level academically.
Profound: Individuals require constant aid and supervision.
Severe: May learn to talk/perform simple work tasks under close supervision
71
What is a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test?
Factor Analysis
Intelligence
Cluster Analysis
Standardization
72
People usually develop the best example, or ________ of a category when forming a concept
Heuristic
Prototype
Mental Set
Algorithm
73
What is grammar?
The meanings behind words and sentences
The units of meaning in a word
The units of sound in a word
A set of rules for each language
74
What factor underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test?
Intelligence
IQ
General Intelligence
Intelligence Factor
75
Using __________, we subdivide mental groupings into smaller, more detailed units.
Heuristics
Algorithms
Prototypes
Hierarchies
76
How many morphemes does the word CATS have?
3
2
1
4
