ISU Vert Bio Final Review

Anurans successfully occupy which of the following habitat types:

The chemical components produced by the pancreas are responsible for all of the following EXCEPT:

Courtship behaviors in animals involve all of the following communication types except:

_______________ is the study of animal behavior, and may be one of the oldest forms of science.

The transitional fossil containing a mix of amphibian and fish-like characteristics was named:

Bats and pterosaurs both have forms of a thin, membranous structure that enables flight. This structure is called a(n):

Some species have individuals containing both sets of sex organs. Such species are called:

In some small mammals, nonshivering thermogenesis is obtained via heat production in ___________.

One major different between aquatic and terrestrial feeding is that aquatic vertebrates frequently use:

During the pursuit phase of foraging, the frogfish uses ________ and __________ to bring prey within striking distances.

In the name Canis lupus (the wolf) the Canis part refers to the __________ to which the wolf belongs.

The ecological theory of _______ describes how two species may have overlapping resources and still be able to coexist.

Animals such as the hagfish do not regulate their salt/water balance. They mirror their environment and are called:

Name a type of hearing specialization where high-frequency sounds are emitted (used to locate objects).

Some vertebrates are capable of rearranging the pigments within their:

Climbing, or _____________, frequently involves the use of long claws, nails, adhesive discs, or lamellae.

Some species produce epidermal cocoons used in summer estivation.

Muscles are made up of a series of nested units. List them from largest to smallest:

The most advanced therapsids were known as the ____________, and displayed both mammalian and reptilian characteristics.

Vertebrates with forward-facing eyes tend to have a greater overlap in their visual fields, resulting in:

In birds, the proximal region of the stomach serves to grind food items, and is called the:

A behavior that reduces the fitness of the individual but enhances the fitness of another individual is called:

In some fish, alligators, and turtles, the sex of offspring is determined by the temperature of eggs during incubation.

A motor neuron has many short ______ that receive impulses and carry them to the cell body, and a single long _____.

The most speciose group of extant reptiles is members of order:

In the kidney, the __________________ is the capillary bed that acts as a filter and produce the ultrafiltrate:

Which of the following is not true of amphibians:

In Aves, the clavicles fuse to form a furcular.

Many amphibians and reptiles overwinter in a torpid state, either at the bottom of lakes or in terrestrial sites.

Some mammal species use the following as a means of dissipating excess body heat in thermoregulation EXCEPT:

The muscles of fish display little specialization, and are arranged primarily in vertical segmental bands called ______.

A change to a community that initiates at the top of the food chain and elicits changes at lower tropic levels is called

In this type of movement, the front half of the fish is rigid while the back have is utilized to generate thrust:

Which of the following animals have air sacs attached to their lungs?

_____ crawlers locomote by anchoring part of the body with S-shaped coils, then pulling the body forward.

The islets of pancreas produces insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood glucose levels.

Why are life history traits correlated evolutionarily?

Which mammalian group contains species that lay eggs?

Of the herps, do only sea turtles and crocodiles migrate?

Solitary vertebrates, such as snow leopards, do not exhibit social interactions.

What hypothesis explains that navigational accuracy during migration improves in larger groups.

In terms of energetics, assimilation represents the demands an organism makes on its environment.

What is a scientific hypothesis?

The axial skeleton is comprised of all of the following except:

The heterocercal tail of many chondrichythes is an adaptation for what during swimming?

More than half of all living vertebrates are:

Which of the following made it possible for reptiles to make a complete transition to land?

The three steroid hormones, collectively referred to as ______, are involved in sexual maturation and reproduction.

The bill of a platypus contains thousands of chemoreceptor cells, which are used as sensory organ for detecting prey.

The home ranges of individuals within in a population can overlap with one another:

The process by which reptiles slough off the outer layer of dead skin is called:

The strong allometric relationship between metabolic rate and body size is best explained by surface to volume ratios.

Fish in the class Osteichthyes exhibit which structure derived from the esophagus which aids in regulating buoyancy?

In diving mammals, which of the following is not an adaptation for extending time beneath the water’s surface?

The water budgets of different vertebrate species vary widely. Kangaroo rats gains most of its water through:

Organisms that produce sufficient metabolic heat to elevate their body temperature above ambient temperature are called:

Which of the following statements are true of home ranges?

An extant organism that has remained unchanged for long periods of time and resembles its fossil relatives is called:

____ flight is exhibited by organisms that use muscular energy, while ____ is a type of flight that uses height/speed.

Vertebrates found in open habitats are frequently darker on their dorsal side and lighter on their ventral side.

The anterior limbs of tetrapods contain which basic bone arrangement?

Species that reproduce at specific times of the year exhibit a(n) ____________ reproductive strategy.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mammalian hibernation?

____ muscle contains spindle-shaped fibers, is associated with internal organs, and is under involuntary control.

Dispersal differs from seasonal migration in that:

The electrical signals elicited by some fish species are used for all of the following EXCEPT:

The medulla region of the adrenal produces two antagonistic hormones called: 

________ is a behavioral adaptation where an organism goes seasonally (winter) into a state of greatly reduced activity.

Temperate passerines have higher levels of adult mortality and larger clutch sizes than tropical species. Life history?

Which of the following are not components of the blood of amphibians?

Some fish, such as moray eels, have a ____________ jaw that allows them to manipulate prey items prior to ingestion.

The class Chondrichthyes contains over 1,200 species of cartilaginous fishes, whose common names include:

Organisms such as cats and dogs walk on their fingers and toes. This is called:

Which of the following are NOT anatomical structures comprising feathers:

___ states that an animal should stay in a feeding patch until the gain from staying declines (traveling is beneficial).

In which region of the digestive tract does most of the absorption of water occur in the majority of vertebrates?

Speciation sometimes occurs without geographic isolation. Such sympatric speciation can occur via:

Which of the following vertebrate lineages have a four-chambered heart:

Which of the following are utilized by vertebrates to navigate?

Many North American birds ___________ along flyways that run north to south along major rivers and along the coasts.

Several mammalian groups have protrusions on their heads. Which type of protrusion is shed yearly?

Which of the following statements are true of territories?

Visual signals are frequently simplified, exaggerated, and stereotyped to maximize effectiveness and minimize confusion.

The Bohr effect explains why:

The minimum metabolic cost of life in the wild is called the:

By altering the pitch, intensity frequency, and timing of acoustic calls, birds can convey all of the following EXCEPT:

Temperature-dependent sex determination functions best in short-lived species where environmental selection is strong.

Mammals and fish display heterodont dentition, in which different tooth types are present for different purposes.

Once thought to be the dominant type of pair bond in birds, modern genetics has determined that this is less common:

Mammals have teeth that are differentiated into a variety of tooth types. This condition is known as ________ dentition.

The bright warning coloration seen in many amphibians which is frequently accompanied by body toxins is called:

The scientific shift in thinking during the 19^thcentury away from Aristotelian essentialism was brought about by:

Most chemical digestion of food occurs in which region of the digestive tract?

The feathers of birds are derived from reptilian scales.

Which fins are utilized to reduce yaw instability?

Which component of the nervous system innervates largely with the skeletal muscles?

_________ are pigments that some amphibians and fish synthesize, and produce red and yellow coloration.

In the neuron, how is a higher intensity of the input stimulus characterized?

Which of the following is NOT used to accomplish internal fertilization in vertebrates?

Mechanoreceptors in a vertebrate’s integument evolved to detect distortion of touch and pressure.

The benefits of seasonal migration include which of the following:

Which statement is false?

Of the two forms of chemoreception, smell is considerably more sensitive than taste.

A defended area of space that confers exclusive occupancy of its resident is called what?

Snakes are a monophyletic group that is nested within:

The shape of a bird’s wing:

Birds and pterosaurs evolved flight from a common evolutionary ancestor.

In endotherms, why does metabolic rate continue to rise as ambient temperature increases above the upper critical temp?

Predation on juveniles exerts selection pressures for the evolution of faster life histories.

Based on metabolic curves, it is clear that endotherms have ___ metabolic rates as compared to similar-sized ectotherms.

The canals of the inner ear provide positional and rotational information about the head, and are important for what?

True mastication is only seen in mammals, who display _______________ dentition.

An interspecific interaction that is positive for one species and negative for the other is called a ____ interaction.

The carapace and plastron of turtles is considered an exoskeleton.