What part of Otto von Bismarck’s alliance system did William II abandon?

Germany’s non-aggression pact with Russia

Why did the Germans accept the Treaty of Versailles?

had little alternative, as naval blockade was in place

Following WWI, what was one of the most difficult domestic problems faced by governments?

Providing care for the large number of injured veterans

What did the Popular Front do after its 1936 victory in France?

It encouraged the union movement & social reforms

What was the common effect of western-front offensives during the First World War?

They caused the slaughter of massed infantry units.

How did moderate Social Democrats in Germany put down radical Communist Spartacist Uprising?

called Free Corps to crush the uprising.

What idea does the functionalist architecture of Le Corbusier promote?

Buildings should be built without ornamentation & practical

How did Lenin respond to the peasants’ seizure of land when he rose to power in 1917?

mandated land reform to offer approval for what peasants did

Why did Austria-Hungary deliberately choose war in July 1914?

hoped to stem the tide of hostile nationalism in its borders

What did Germany’s Auxiliary Service Law require?

men between 17 & 60 work jobs critical to the war effort

How did Jean-Paul Sartre think that people could live authentically in the twentieth century?

must choose actions; be aware of responsibility for behavior

What issue contributed to tensions between Germany & Britain in the first decade of the 1900s?

Germany’s decision to build a large fleet of battleships

What was primary political weakness of the White forces as they fought against the Bolsheviks?

had poor program that failed to unite enemies of Bolsheviks

Since the U.S. didn't ratify Versailles treaty, French placed hope for future security on

strict implementation of the treaty.

What did the “war guilt clause” in the Treaty of Versailles declare?

Germany (with Austria) was solely responsible for the war

What happened to Armenian inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire during World War I?

a million Armenian deaths from murder, starvation, & disease

What was the immediate cause of British entry into the First World War?

The German invasion of neutral Belgium

In twentieth century literature, the stream-of-consciousness technique uses

internal monologues to explore the psyche.

Why were the Balkans considered the “powder keg of Europe”?

growing ethhnic nationalism in the Ottoman Empire.

The nineteenth-century Danish theologian Søren Kierkegaard taught that

there are many versions of God and all are legitimate.

What was the main argument of logical positivism in the twentieth century?

Philosophy is only the logical clarification of thoughts.

Who was Alexander Kerensky?

agrarian socialist who became prime minister of Russia 1917

Walter Rathenau is remembered for his

role in Germany’s total war mobilization.

What is the composer Arnold Schönberg known for?

12-tone music; abandoned traditional harmony and tonality

James Joyce’s Ulysses weaves ironic parallels between the adventures of Homer’s hero Ulysses &

man’s aimless wanderings through streets & pubs of Dublin.

In his writings on human psychology, Sigmund Freud asserted that

id = unconscious source of sexual & aggressive instincts

The Great Depression did not hit Britain as hard as the U.S. or Germany, in part because

GB moved away from international markets & towards domestic.

What did the Swedish response to the Depression involve?

Increase welfare benefits & state spending on public works

For artists such as the Dadaists and Surrealists, what was the purpose of art?

expose bankruptcy of modern society & produce change

studbud

Duplicate of APE Unit 8: Pre & Post WWI

97 termsStudBud Administration

Pre & Post WWI (Ch. 25 & 26)

Flashcards97 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 97

Answers

1
led to the abdication of the tsar and the establishment of a provisional government.
February Revolution
I AM GROOT!
March Maddness
August Revolution
2
What part of Otto von Bismarck’s alliance system did William II abandon?
Germany’s mutual defense agreement with France
Germany’s non-aggression pact with Russia
Germany’s alliance with Britain to control the North Sea
Germany’s alliance with Austria-Hungary
3
German plan for a lightning attack and a quick defeat of France before turning on Russia.
February Revolution
Trench Warfare
Schlieffen Plan
Blitzkrieg
4
A permanent international organization, designed to avert future wars.
United Nations
Legion of Doom
League of Nations
Warsaw Pact
5
The 1919 peace settlement that ended war between Germany and the Allied powers.
Treaty of Kanagawa
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty doesn't really give you treats
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
6
Why did the Germans accept the Treaty of Versailles?
believed neither France nor Britain would enforce treaty
had little alternative, as naval blockade was in place
thought it would allow them freedom to expand their empire
believed it was the best agreement they would receive
7
Which political group dominated parliamentary governments of Germany in the mid to late 1920s?
right-wing nationalists
moderate businessmen
Social Democrats
Christian Democrats
8
Following WWI, what was one of the most difficult domestic problems faced by governments?
Providing care for the large number of injured veterans
Returning to peacetime economic production
Identifying collaborators who had aided the enemy
The murder of court favorite Rasputin in December 1916
9
The principle that buildings should serve the purpose for which they were made.
Popularism
Functionalism
Modernism
Existentialism
10
Einstein’s theory of time & space are relative to observer & only speed of light is constant.
Theory of Universal Gravity
Murphy's Law
Theory of special relativity
Theory of Nantucket
11
What did the Popular Front do after its 1936 victory in France?
It encouraged the union movement & social reforms
provided support for the Spanish Civil War.
It adopted the program of the French Communist Party
It launched a modest program of social reform
12
What was the common effect of western-front offensives during the First World War?
They won significant territorial gains.
They failed on nearly every mission.
They caused the slaughter of massed infantry units.
They captured countless prisoners of war.
13
How did moderate Social Democrats in Germany put down radical Communist Spartacist Uprising?
called for labor strike vs. Communists
accused Communists of being Russian spies & arrested them
called Free Corps to crush the uprising.
had CC condemn Communists
14
granted large U.S. loans to promote recovery in Germany so they could pay their reparations.
Locarno Pact
Dawes Plan
Roosevelt Corrolary
Marshall Plan
15
What idea does the functionalist architecture of Le Corbusier promote?
Buildings should imitate classical forms
Buildings should express the mood of the architect
Buildings should reflect their surrounding environment
Buildings should be built without ornamentation & practical
16
How did Lenin respond to the peasants’ seizure of land when he rose to power in 1917?
attacked peasants to be able to collectivize all land.
mandated land reform to offer approval for what peasants did
required peasants to join Red Army to earn right to land.
used peasants’ actions to coerce nobility to reclaim land
17
Why did Austria-Hungary deliberately choose war in July 1914?
prompted by the urging of Serbia’s enemies in the Balkans.
hoped to stem the tide of hostile nationalism in its borders
It hoped to seize Italian territory.
It believed Russia would not intervene.
18
What did Germany’s Auxiliary Service Law require?
colonial people serve in support roles in the German army
unmarried women join medical corps to take care of wounded
men between 17 & 60 work jobs critical to the war effort
soldiers who served their draft requirement must reenlist
19
Bolsheviks seized grain, rationed, nationalized banks & industry, required everyone to work.
Russian Revolution
War Communism
Petrograd Soviet
Communism
20
How did Jean-Paul Sartre think that people could live authentically in the twentieth century?
They must structure lives around conventional social norms.
must choose actions; be aware of responsibility for behavior
passively accept loneliness & meaninglessness of existence.
They must seek pleasure and avoid pain.
21
What issue contributed to tensions between Germany & Britain in the first decade of the 1900s?
Germany’s decision to build a large fleet of battleships
British ambitions in the collapsing Ottoman Empire
Commercial rivalry in world markets
Germany’s pursuit of colonies
22
What was primary political weakness of the White forces as they fought against the Bolsheviks?
refused to negotiate w/ Bolsheviks
They lacked any financial backing from foreign governments
had poor program that failed to unite enemies of Bolsheviks
insisted on restoration of monarchy
23
Name the British political party that was the main opposition to the Conservative party?
Labour Party
Christian Democratic Party
Liberal Party
Social Democratic Party
24
The alliance of Austria, Germany, and Italy.
Triple Alliance
There are too many nicknames in history.
Central Powers
Triple Entente
25
Germany’s initial offensive was stopped on the outskirts of Paris at the Battle of
the Marne.
the Somme.
Verdun.
Ypres.
26
Since the U.S. didn't ratify Versailles treaty, French placed hope for future security on
strict implementation of the treaty.
the League of Nations
a closer relationship with Germany.
the alliance with Great Britain.
27
Gabriel Marcel found the answer to the postwar broken world in
socialism
Calvinist theology.
the Catholic Church.
Marxism
28
movements typified by radical experimentation that challenged traditional forms of art.
Modernism
Romanticism
Zionism
Realism
29
What did the “war guilt clause” in the Treaty of Versailles declare?
Russian Empire was responsible for starting the war
Great Powers in the war were responsible for starting war.
Germany (with Austria) was solely responsible for the war
ALL except the U. S. are responsible for starting the war.
30
Vladimir Lenin’s radical, revolutionary arm of the Russian party of Marxist socialism.
Bolsheviks
Petrograd Soviet
White Army
Communists
31
What happened to Armenian inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire during World War I?
Most found ways to leave the Ottoman Empire
they left in large number to seek sanctuary in Russia.
a million Armenian deaths from murder, starvation, & disease
remained within their homeland in the Ottoman Empire
32
resolved the economic problems of Germany and international tensions in Europe in 1924?
Locarno Pact
New Deal
Agricultural Adjustment Act.
Dawes Plan
33
What was the immediate cause of British entry into the First World War?
The Algeciras Conference
The German invasion of neutral Belgium
The sinking of the Lusitania
The Austrian ultimatum to Serbia
34
The notion that peoples should be able to choose their own national governments.
Zionism
national self-awareness
national self-determination
Schlieffen Plan
35
In twentieth century literature, the stream-of-consciousness technique uses
disjointed references & observations for reader to decipher.
internal monologues to explore the psyche.
a series of visual images to express emotions.
members of societies work toward classless society
36
Why were the Balkans considered the “powder keg of Europe”?
Russia had destabilized the region
The region had failed to begin the process of modernization,
region was struggling for survival
growing ethhnic nationalism in the Ottoman Empire.
37
The nineteenth-century Danish theologian Søren Kierkegaard taught that
believers must take leap of faith & accept existence of God.
there are many versions of God and all are legitimate.
science proved existence of God by the universe’s design
"I LOVE LAMP"
38
What aided in the rapid growth of the American stock market in the 1920s & its collapse?
Over-regulation by the federal government
The great increase in investments by giant pension funds
Overly optimistic stockbrokers
Buying on margin
39
What was the main argument of logical positivism in the twentieth century?
Individuals must become engaged in modern life.
Philosophy is only the logical clarification of thoughts.
concept of God cab be adapted to Einstein’s theory
One must search for moral values & then act on those values.
40
Who was Alexander Kerensky?
important liberal leader of Provisional Gov in Russia
agrarian socialist who became prime minister of Russia 1917
colleague of Lenin’s & important to Bolshevik Revolution
41
British support of a National Home for the Jewish People in Palestine.
Wilson's Fourteen Points
Zionism
Balfour Declaration
Treaty of Versailles
42
Walter Rathenau is remembered for his
May Day rally in opposition to the German war effort.
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
role in Germany’s total war mobilization.
advocacy of violent revolution against German government.
43
What is the composer Arnold Schönberg known for?
His composition of nationalistic German operas
12-tone music; abandoned traditional harmony and tonality
His composition of musical background for the first talkies
pulsing dissonant rhythms in the ballet Rite of Spring
44
James Joyce’s Ulysses weaves ironic parallels between the adventures of Homer’s hero Ulysses &
man’s aimless wanderings through streets & pubs of Dublin.
the development of a tourist industry in colonial lands.
struggles of Napoleon to gain power during French Rev
45
In his writings on human psychology, Sigmund Freud asserted that
id is constantly negotiating demands of the ego & superego.
superego = self-promoting desire for control and power.
id = unconscious source of sexual & aggressive instincts
ego = irrational component of self; always seeking pleasure
46
Germany (with Austria) was solely responsible for the war and had to pay reparations
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
War, what is it good for?
Treaty of Versailles
47
The Great Depression did not hit Britain as hard as the U.S. or Germany, in part because
British gov followed recommendations of John Maynard Keynes.
Britain had a tradition of deficit spending by government.
U. S. provided Britain with substantial economic assistance.
GB moved away from international markets & towards domestic.
48
What did the Swedish response to the Depression involve?
Increase welfare benefits & state spending on public works
Increasing military spending
Erecting trade barriers & putting currency on gold standard
Balancing the govbudget by cutting government programs
49
A philosophy that stresses the meaninglessness of existence
Modernism
Existentialism
Dadaism
Bauhaus
50
Type of fighting used in World War I behind rows of trenches, mines, and barbed wire.
"No Man's Land"
Total War
War Communism
Trench Warfare
51
For artists such as the Dadaists and Surrealists, what was the purpose of art?
expose bankruptcy of modern society & produce change
strive for beauty for beauty’s sake
counter filth of industrial society & produce hope
pursue unconscious parts of mind in order to find pure truth
52
The signatories of the 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact agreed to
take part in a defensive alliance against the Soviet Union
review any issues disturbing the balance of power in Europe.
renounce war as an instrument of international policy.
sponsor a revision of German reparations payments.
53
What was French premier Georges Clemenceau’s opinion at the Paris Peace Conference?
He agreed to renounce France’s claim to Alsace and Lorraine.
He advocated lenient treatment of Germany.
wanted to create a buffer state between Germany & France.
He strongly supported the creation of a League of Nations.
54
The American stock market crash of October 1929 was primarily the result of
the failure of Germany to keep up reparations payments.
an imbalance between real investment and speculation.
the government’s Keynesian economic policies.
nationalist economic policies in Europe.
55
What did orthodox economists believe in the 1930s?
Balanced budgets were the key to economic growth.
Gov. should avoid limiting international trade
Remaining on Gold Standard would lead to economic recovery.
IIIIIIII Love APE!!!!!!
56
The German Communist Party reserved their greatest hatred and sharpest barbs for
ultranationalists.
Hitler’s Nazi Party.
Social Democrats.
union workers.
57
Woodrow Wilson’s 1918 peace proposal
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Versailles
Fourteen Points
58
What happened to Ukraine & Belarus as a result of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
They were made protectorates of the League of Nations.
They were established as independent nations.
Soviet Union reconquered those territories during civil war.
Germany incorporated most of those lands into its empire.
59
government plans & controls economic social life supply armies with supplies and weapons.
Total Recall
Total War
War Communism
War Regulations
60
Why was Britain, not France, ready to conciliate Germany after the Versailles peace settlement?
The British and Germans shared a common cultural heritage.
British depended on German market for exports before WWI
British wanted strong Germany as bulwark against Bolshevism.
The British feared the growth of French military power.
61
meeting of 2,000 - 3 people modeled on the revolutionary soviets of 1905.
War, what is it good for?
Petrograd Soviet
Pertrograd Slavs
War Communism
62
What did President Franklin Roosevelt’s National Recovery Administration (NRA) attempt to do?
Nationalize banks, railroads, and heavy industry
Establish a social welfare system
Purchase failing businesses
Plan and control the U.S. economy
63
How did Paul von Hindenburg & Erich Ludendorff react to Germany’s loss in the war?
they insisted moderate politicians take blame for loss
decided to mount one last offensive to save their honor
accepted responsibility for failing to win the war
staged a coup against gov and deposed the German emperor.
64
The alliance of Great Britain, France, and Russia prior to and during the First World War.
SuperPowers
Central Powers
Triple Alliancee
Triple Entente
65
Unemployment in the U.S. averaged only 5 percent in the 1920s but in 1933 soared to about
40 percent.
30 percent.
10 percent.
20 percent.
66
What was the primary consequence of the First Moroccan Crisis in 1905?
The United States chose to withdraw from European affairs.
Britain, France, & Russia saw Germany as a threat to Europe.
The French Empire in northern Africa began to collapse.
The Ottoman Empire abandoned its claims in the Middle East.
67
A German interdisciplinary school of fine & applied arts
Bahamas
Existentialism
Bauhaus
Nazis
68
Which nations joined the war on the side of the Central Powers?
Bulgaria and Greece
The Ottoman Empire and Spain
Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire
Spain and Greece
69
Peace treaty signed in March 1918 between the Central Powers and Russia t
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Versailles
70
What was the result of Allied support of the White armies in the Russian civil war?
It blocked the Germans from advancing into Ukraine.
It helped the Finns to gain their independence.
It caused Bolsheviks to initiate their policy of terror.
Bolsheviks appealed to patriotic nationalism against Allies.
71
What kind of world did Franz Kafka portray in fiction like The Trial (1925)?
all repress instincts to live peaceably with one another
A utopian world in which everyone has everything they need
world where helpless people are crushed by hostile forces
A Marxist world in which the proletariat have triumphed
72
How did the war on the eastern front differ from the war on the western front?
eastern front - immediately immobile b/c of trench networks.
eastern front included a more significant naval component
eastern front lacked use of modern technologies
eastern front was more mobile, with Germany in a in control
73
Traditional arts & amusements of people in villages & small towns was overshadowed by
modern mass media such as cinema and radio.
public schools and mass education programs.
the expansion of professional sports.
a market culture expressed in merchandise catalogs.
74
What was the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916?
Britain and France will divvy up Middle East after the war
Germany & France will abandon the use of mustard gas
Germany funded Lenin’s effort to overthrow Russian monarchy
France & Belgium establish a new German border after the war
75
How did France and Belgium react when Germany refused to make its second reparations payment?
They occupied the Ruhr district.
They established a naval blockade of German ports.
They appealed to the League of Nations.
They declared war.
76
What did the theories of Albert Einstein assert?
Particles of nature are dead, they lack animating energy.
"Did you eat paint chips as a child"
Matter & energy are interchangeable
passage of time provides the one fixed reference in universe
77
What did the Schlieffen Plan call for in 1914?
invasion of Russia t
Support Austria-Hungary
A quick defeat of Russia before turning on France
lightning attack & quick defeat of France
78
Bismarck’s alliance system was designed to isolate France and to
expand German territory eastward.
maintain peace between Russia and Austria-Hungary.
challenge Britain’s dominant world position.
control the Balkans.
79
Sigmund Freud’s terms to describe the 3 parts of the self & the basis of human behavior.
id, igor, & superfly
id, ego, & super ego
id, ego, & superman
if I have 3 selfs then this is why I talk to myslef?
80
Throughout the First World War, what mistake did military commanders repeatedly make?
that armies move faster than they can be supplied
attempted to mount offensives to break entrenched lines.
adopted new technology that had not been tried in battle.
81
Why did Italy, after declaring neutrality in 1914, decide to join the Triple Entente in 1915?
believed Austria & launched war of aggression
Growing Italian nationalism shamed Italian leaders into it
pope convinced Italian leaders that it was Christian duty
It was promised Austrian territory in return.
82
Who was the director of Triumph of the Will?
Leni Riefenstahl
Fritz Lang
Adolf Hitler
Sergei Eisenstein
83
Which German politician called off passive resistance in the Ruhr & agreed to pay reparations?
Adolf Hitler
Gustav Stresemann
Stanley Baldwin
Ludwig Wittgenstein
84
What does the “middle way” refer to?
The reform of German reparations payments
The new literary efforts of writers such as Joyce & Faulkner
The design philosophy of the Bauhaus
The Scandinavian response to the Great Depression
85
A worldwide economic depression from 1929 through 1939.
Dadaism
Great Awakening
Great Gatsby
Great Depression
86
What was the February Revolution in Russia in 1917?
planned & coordinated Communist takeover of the government
peasant rebellion that moved from the provinces to cities
the tsar was forced to abdicate in the midst of a mutiny
unplanned uprising of hungry and angry people in the capital
87
Somewhat stereotypical image of the modern and independent working woman popular in the 1920s.
"modern girl"
isn't "material girl" a Madonna song?
"material girl"
Flapper
88
encouraged the union movement and launched a far-reaching program of social reform.
New Deal
Populism
Popular Front
Wilson's Fourteen Points
89
The German gov’s printing of $ to pay unemployment benefits to workers striking in Ruhr led to
hyperinflation.
French withdrawal from the Ruhr.
the crash of the U.S. stock market.
a rise in the Ruhr workers’ standard of living.
90
In the twentieth century, what was John Maynard Keynes known for?
He was avowedly hostile to Germany.
denounced Treaty of Versailles for economic reasons.
He broke new ground in the study of genetics.
advocated minimal government intervention in the economy.
91
Who assassinated Grigori Rasputin in 1916?
German mercenaries
Bolshevik revolutionaries
Nationalistic aristocrats
Agents of the tsarist police force
92
character’s thoughts & feelings are described as they occur; means to explore the human psyche.
Logical Positivism
Streaming of Consciousness writing
Stream of special relativity
Dadaism
93
A philosophy that sees meaning only in those beliefs that can be empirically proven.
Theory of why I am "special"
Dadaism
Stream of consciousness writing
Logical Positivism
94
How did Western powers react to declarations of independence by Syria & Iraq following WWI?
They invaded the 2 regions & defeated the movements.
placed the regions under protectorate of League of Nations.
They used it as models of national self-determination.
reinforced ability of Ottoman Empire to reclaim territories
95
artistic movement of the 1920s & 1930s that attacked all accepted standards of art and behavior
Functionalism
Modernism
Dadaism
Popular Front
96
What did the Balfour Declaration of November 1917, announce?
Britain favored a national home for the Jewish people
Britain favored a national state for Arab peoples
Britain supported Polish demand for independent nation-state
Britain wished to grant India independence quickly
97
How did Henri-Philippe Pétain maintain order among French troops by late 1917?
formed agreement with troops; no more grand offensives.
adopted a practice of awarding divisions w/ time off
permitted troops to name own commanders
He promised a program of land redistribution after the war.

Duplicate of APE Unit 8: Pre & Post WWI Flashcards | StudBud