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Greek Philosophers Flashcards | StudBud
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Greek Philosophers
Greek Philosophers
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#NaturalPhilosophers, #Plato, #Aristotle #arguments
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1
Who believed if a substance can be infinitely divided, it could never hold a continuous form?
Anaxagoras
Democritus
2
Who believed that there are fragments of everything in everything?
Empedocles
Anaxagoras
Anaximander
Democritus
3
The atom theory was a synthesis of Parmenides and Heraclitus because...
There is no immortal soul. Atoms simply disperse.
Nothing changes and everything flows
4
Dialectics can be applied to Plato's metaphysics in this way:
Becoming as a thesis and the physical realm as a synthesis
The forms as a thesis and the physical world as a synthesis
5
Empedocles believed in what?
Seeds that can come together to form the four elements
The four elements that come together to form everything
6
Who denied the idea of a single basic substance & tried to synthesize Parmenides and Heraclitus
Thales
Anaximenes
Empedocles
Anaximander
7
How does Aristotle provide a synthesis to Parmenides and Heraclitus?
Matter consists of potentiality to change into actuality
Form is a permanent state of material existence
8
Why should the rulers not own any property?
It is wise to live a life of temperance
Nothing physical can touch the worth of knowledge
9
Who said we cannot step into the same river twice?
Parmenides
Heraclitus
Democritus
Hercules
10
What is metaphysics?
The study concerning existence and reality
The study concerning the foundations of knowledge
11
Aristotle and Plato agreed about the importance of __ but disagreed on__
reality...the importance of forms
forms...where they exist
12
What are Plato's 3 divisions of the ideal state?
Rulers, warriors, and laborers
Being, Becoming, and nothing
13
What is the core of Plato's metaphysics?
Knowledge is a recollection of the soul returning home.
Knowing the difference between reality and appearance
A duality where there are an intelligible & physical realms
14
What is epistemology?
The study of reality
The study concerning knowledge
15
How did Plato try to solve the problem that nothing changes and everything flows?
He argued there were two realms of reality
He argued the forms are intelligible
16
Aristotle believed in a __ whereas Plato believed in a __
duality...plurality
plurality...duality
17
According to Aristotle, the potentiality to __ is innate, but it takes __ to fully actualize
reason... sense experience
sense experience... reason
18
According to Aristotle, the difference between form and matter is in...
reality
thought
19
What was Plato's major critique of Democritus' atom theory?
Since you cannot see an atom, it doesn't exist
How do atoms form and then disperse to form a similar object
He thought it was soulless
20
According to Aristotle, a virtue is:
an ideal moral behavior that is known innately
moral behavior that only needs to be completed one time
an intermediate state between vices completed through habit
21
Aristotle wondered how a __could only participate in a __ without possessing the characteristic
physical object...form
form...reality
22
Who believed when your senses disagree with reason, your senses are wrong?
Heraclitus
Parmenides
23
The golden mean is what?
Treating others the way you want to be treated
A virtue between excess and deficiency
When you appear nice, but really are being mean.
24
Anaximander's belief in the ________ differed from Thales because a basic substance _______
boundless... had to be different than the things it created
element of air.....had to come from somewhere
25
According to the 3 divisions in Plato's ideal state, who can own property?
Warriors
Warriors and Laborers
Laborers
Warriors and Kings
26
Anaximenes formed an antithesis to Thales because:
He believed water was compressed air
He believed water come from the boundless
27
How do the 3 parts of the soul work in unity?
The head tells the chest to move the body
Reason tells the will to curb the appetite
28
Who believed the basic substance was air?
Anaximenes
Anaximander
Thales
Anaxagoras
29
The use of your sense perception to arrive at knowledge is called what?
a myth
Rationalism
Normal
Empiricism
30
Which of the following is NOT one of Aristotle's four causes
Material
Final
Potential
Efficient
31
Democritus' atom theory tried to solve which problem?
That nothing can change yet change is evident
Where a soul comes from.
That something comes from nothing and nothing is ever lost.
The old tortoise and hare riddle.
32
Only through __ and __ is __ possible
Virtue... reason... happiness
love...strife...fire
Happiness... reason... virtue
33
Rationalism is
What you do when you get in trouble
the belief that sense perception is the source of knowledge
the belief that human reason is the source of knowledge
34
Who was the first one to believe that nature is made of an infinite number of tiny particles?
Anaxagoras
Aristotle
Plato
Democritus
35
According to Plato's metaphysics, physical objects
cannot be known in their ideal state
imitate or participate in the forms from the ideal realm
