Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 2

—The greater the concentration of Hydrogen ions in a solution, the ______ the acidity of that solution

_______ orbit in energy levels around the nucleus

The inert or “noble gases” are helium, neon and argon

—Form when one atom transfers electrons to another atom and are weak electrostatic bonds describes....

—Chemicals composed of two or more different atoms held together by ionic or covalent bonds describes....

The 3 main types of organic compounds are carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

If the electrons are equal in numbers to protons the atomic structure is at a neutral state

________ are the structural materials of the body, including muscle, bone and connective tissue

The pH scale measures the relative concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

Water is an organic compound essential to life.

The atom that donates an electron and becomes positively charged is a _____

Normal body fluid pH range is between 7.35 and 7.45

_______ is active in nerve impulse contraction and muscle contraction

An atom will form ____ with other atoms to fill its outermost energy level to make the atom more stable

______ are transporters and enzymes -> aid in metabolic reactions; may contain phosphorus and sulfur

DNA has a nucleotide sequence of a, t, g, c. What is the sequence for RNA?

One bond for every electron lost, gained or shared describes valence; fill the outermost level/become stable

_______ is the smallest unit of elements

The substance suspended in another substance will not settle out of a ______

A pH ______ 7 is acidic. A ph ______ 7 is basic

_____ are compounds that separate into ions when put in a solution

_______ is equal to the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus

______ is the study of drugs

—___ form when two atoms share electrons to complete the energy level and thus become stable; most common bond in body

_____ are the substances from which all matter is made; described by names, numbers or symbols

—Atoms or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge describes....

Proteins are often in a colloidal suspension in body fluid

An atom has a nucleus composed of ______ and _______

Substance that shifts the    H+/OH– balance against H+; also known as an alkaline; opposite of acid describes.....

Each individual enzyme works on many substances

______ are the combination of 2 monosaccharides

______ are the building blocks for carbohydrates 

Living matter contains ____ of 92 natural elements.

The human body is made up of the following 4 elements

Organic compounds are compounds that characterize living things, which element does it contain?

—Generally solids that dissolve in a liquid describes

Proteins contain these elements.... (select all that apply)

Atomic mass is equal to the number of ______ and ________ combined 

—Elements that have a stable number of electrons in the outer level describes

_____ is a steroid found in all cells, is derived from fat; an be good and bad

—____ are the most important in maintaining a relatively constant pH in body fluids

—Substance that shifts the    H+/OH– balance in favor of H+; opposite of base describes.....

______ are the building blocks for DNA and RNA

______ contain phosphorous and makes up bodies cell membrane.  

Ions play important physiological roles in body fluid; homeostasis maintains proper ion concentration

The first energy level (closest to the nucleus) has room for only ___ electrons.The second energy level has room for ___

—Non covalent bonds is when electrons are shared unequally; covalent bonds is when electrons are shared equally

______ are the combination of many glucose

—Chemicals composed of two or more atoms held together with covalent bonds only describes

Radioactive isotopes can be useful in... (select all that apply)

Science that deals with the composition and properties of matter; helps us understand the normal and abnormal function

Atoms can be broken down by ordinary chemical and physical means

A substance is suspended but not  dissolved in another substance & will settle to the bottom of the suspension

Radioactive isotopes are unstable and form gamma rays; can be useful

______ is the most abundant compound in body

—____ are forms of an element that have the same atomic number but different atomic weight

______ is the study of microscopic plants and animals

—____ are proteins that accelerate chemical reactions and are essential in metabolism.

—All atoms except ______ and _______ have multiple energy levels 

—The atom that accepts an electron and becomes negatively charged is a _____

—The _____ hydroxide ion (OH-) the more alkaline (basic) the solution

Isotopes have different atomic weight because of a different number of ______

_____ are the “building blocks” of protein (covalently bond with each other)