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IUK Midterm
IUK Midterm
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Chapters 1-8
Flashcards
80 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
80
Answers
1
A society
contains several different cultures
contains one subculture and many culture
is a dependent group that owes allegiance to a larger group
is the largest form of human group
2
A single mother who works in a factory sewing large sheets of canvass would be considered
working class
lower middle class
upper class
middle class
3
To assume that one's own culture and way of life is the norm or superior to all others is
ethnocentrism
culture shock
cultural relativism
value stability
4
The term
socialcontrol
refers to
justifications for deviant behavior
behavior that violates the norms of a group
preventing deviant behavior in society
penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm
5
Charles Horton Cooley is responsible for developing the concept of
impression management
reverse socialization
the preparatory stage
the looking-glass self
6
Magazines would be considered
narcotizers
opinion leaders
mass media
transmitters
7
A condition which members of society have different amounts of wealth, prestige, or power is
status
social inequality
social structure
socialization
8
Income, religion, race, gender, and marital status can all be examples of
variables
indexes
operational definitions
scales
9
Which of the following is an example of a symbol?
a frown
. All of these answers are correct
a hug
a thumbs-up gesture
10
A system of enforced servitude in which people are legally owned by others is known as
communism
slavery
feudalism
a caste system
11
The study of possible genetic roots of criminality is but one aspect of the larger debate over
sociobiology
impression management
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
biosociology
12
Which term is used to refer to socially defined positions within a large group or society?
status
Gemeinschaft
social structure
culture
13
The statement "Women who receive welfare are less likely than other women to have babies" is an
a hypothesis
a research design
an independent variable
an operational definition
14
Harry Harlow's research with rhesus monkeys indicated that
no comparison between the development in monkeys & humans
social isolation had a damaging effect on the monkeys
childhood deprivation could be reversed w/ resocialization
midlife deprivation more serious than childhood deprivation
15
Which term is used to refer to a set of expectations for a social position or status?
achieved role
social role
ascribed role
structural role
16
The analysis of Isabelle is important because it emphasizes the relevance of
the sensorimotor stage of development
the consistency of the developmental processes
social interaction in human development
twin studies in sociology and psychology
17
Term was used by Karl Marx to refer to the capitalist class that owns the means of production
oligarchy
peasantry
bourgeoisie
proletariat
18
Clyde is imprisoned for "tagging," or "visual terrorism." The arrest is an example of a(n)
norm
formal sanction
informal sanction
value
19
Researchers find that pet owners live longer, healthier lives. Pet ownership is the
dependent variable
operational variable
independent variable
spurious variable
20
Which of the following is considered a cultural universal?
None of these answers is correct
money restrictions
athletic sports
war
21
Karl Marx argued that social, economic, and political inequalities are dependent on
religious factors
the Protestant work ethic
class differentiation
achieved status
22
Sociology, anthropology, economics, and history and are considered
psychological categories.
typologies
social sciences
natural sciences
23
Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, commonsense conclusions are not
politically correct
published
easily disseminated
reliable
24
________ is most closely associated with the concept of the sociological imagination
C. Wright Mills
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Émile Durkheim
25
The body of knowledge obtained using methods based upon systematic observation is called a(n)
theory
science
verstehen
ideal type.
26
Informal social control supported by 59% of pediatricians in spite of the risk of effects
capital punishment
time-outs
corporal punishment
institutionalization
27
The self is the
child's awareness of attitudes, viewpoints, & expectations
patterns of attitudes, needs, characteristics,&behavior
distinct identity that sets us apart from others
28
The use of sociology to yield practical applications for human behavior and organizations is
ethnography
clinical sociology
applied sociology
qualitative research.
29
Which perspective would be focused on the functions of mass media in conferring status
interactionist perspective
functionalist perspective
conflict perspective
feminist perspective
30
A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one's own society
from the perspective of personal experience
from the perspective of cultural biases
as an outsider
31
Sociologists conduct a "review of the literature" to
eliminate or reduce the number of mistakes they make
All these answers are correct
clarify possible techniques to be used in collecting data
refine the problem under study
32
The importance of cultural & biological factors in socialization is the debate over
nature versus nurture
role versus status
manifest versus latent functions
sociobiology versus biosociology
33
An abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture is called
a material culture
language
sanctioning
argot
34
C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce because
may create emotional scars for divorcees.
has been a serious problem throughout history.
is a serious personal problem for numerous men and women
is not just an individual's problem but a societal concern.
35
People, organizations, & public issues appearing on the covers of magazines is a used to
promote objectivity in reporting
celebrate events
provide fortune
confer status
36
Gestures and words that form the basis of human communication are known as
norms
folkways
symbols
rites of passage
37
A variable is
the extent to which a measure provides consistent results
measurable trait subject to change in different conditions
a statement about the relationship between two traits
38
An individual being imprisoned for murder is an example of a(n)
value
informal sanction
norm
formal sanction
39
An ascribed status is a social position
assigned W/O regard to their characteristics or talents
based solely on lifestyle
attained by a person largely through his or her own effort
based solely on income and wealth
40
Which nation has the largest number of the top 100 worldwide brands?
Germany
Great Britain
Japan
United States
41
Which of the following would be an example of cyberbullying?
sending a photo of a friend cheating to others
All of these answers are correct.
sending a nude photo of a friend to others
sending a photo of a friend drunk to others
42
One aspect of relationships between dominant & subordinate groups is the ability of dominant to
define social reality
define a society's values
All of these answers are correct.
mold the "definition of the situation."
43
Which of the following connections to criminality is commonly rejected by sociologists?
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
genetic roots
social structure
environmental influences
44
Which of the following is true regarding marriage in Japan?
Marriage is considered a relationship than a social status
Most husbands do not call their wife by name
Husbands say "I love you" more than other nationalities
Most married Japanese couples don't actually love each other
45
Awareness of the link between their personal social settings & the impersonal social world is
anthropology
a theory
verstehen
the sociological imagination
46
What is commonly the second step in the scientific method?
reviewing the literature
selecting the research design
defining the problem
collecting and analyzing data
47
Which term refers to typical patterns of attitudes, needs, characteristics, & behavior?
personality
human nature
socialization
social promotion
48
Which of the following have sociologists suggested is a dysfunction of the mass media?
integration of a common view
having a narcotizing effect
providing a collective experience
conferring status
49
Karl Marx's class-conscious workers in revolt, who will guide the working class in its struggle
revolutionary leaders
peasantry
proletariat
bourgeoisie
50
In his research, George Murdock determined which of the following to be a cultural universal?
astronomy
All of these answers are correct
war
funeral ceremonies
51
The use of photographic and video documentation in sociological study is known as
image analysis
secondary sociology
visual sociology
iconography
52
A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is known as a
correlation
sample
hypothesis
research design
53
Which individual is most closely associated with the concept of the culture industry?
W. E. B. DuBois
Karl Marx
Theodor Adorno
Robert Merton
54
What was the motivation behind Stanley Milgram's experimental study of obedience?
self-esteem issues
to understand Germans in the annihilation of Jews in WWII
to understand the deterrence power of the death penalty
a federal government grant
55
Sociobiology is the systematic study of
the social bases of biological behavior
the interactions between humans and higher animal forms.
the social structure within the animal kingdom
how biology affects human social behavior
56
Sanctions
are defined as
rules made by a government
justifications for deviant behavior
penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm
57
terms used to refer to organized patterns of beliefs & behavior centered on social needs
social institutions
communities
functional prerequisites
social networks
58
Karl Marx used the term
proletariat
to refer to the
owners of the means of production
capitalist class
working class
middle class
59
Deviance is behavior that
is always illegal
violates standards of conduct of group or society
is always anomic
always violates the laws of a society
60
Social control carried out by people through means as laughter, smiles, & ridicule is known as
formal social control
informal social control
neutralization
conformity
61
Which would have the greatest impact in terms of reaffirming social norms of proper behavior?
watching a televised execution of a mass murderer
watching and listening to a televised cable newscast
watching and listening to a Celine Dion video
watching a televised funeral procession
62
General customs and practices that are found in every culture are called
cultural diffusion
cultural universals
cultural integration
cultural relativism
63
______ is emerging online: communities developing around common interests or shared identities.
interactive niche
tribalism
identity cell
online nest
64
According to Herbert Blumer, a distinctive characteristic of human interaction is that
All of these answers are correct
the reality of humans is shaped by perceptions & evaluations
humans interpret or define each other's actions
65
Ascribed statuses may be based on an individual's
race
age
All of these answers are correct
gender
66
Anthropologist Horace Miner's description of the body ritual among the Nacirema is used to show
the ability to learn something new about society
how cultural sociology has evolved over the years
cultural differences in what is considered "beautiful."
the effects of media on a person's body image
67
A class system employs a social ranking based primarily on
economic position
age
caste
religious and ethnic background
68
Which of the following is considered one way the media reaffirm proper behavior in society?
movie & TV scenes showing criminals getting caught
a daytime talk show discussion on homosexuality
movie and TV scenes depicting the rape of women
newscasters discussing narcotic desensitizing
69
After a sociologist reviews the literature, what is the next step in the process?
define the problem
choose a research design
generate ideas for future research
create a hypothesis
70
Which of the following is an achieved status?
age
race
occupation
gender
71
Flow of content across multiple media & the accompanying migration of media audiences?
information superhighway
digital divide
cultural convergence
culture gap
72
George Herbert Mead suggested that the self is
continually developing and changing.
a replication quite similar to others
a static phenomenon
a quality that one is "born in."
73
Which term refers to the way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships?
culture
socialization
social interaction
social structure
74
Term used for a structured ranking that perpetuates unequal economic rewards & power
status
social mobility
stratification
hypergamy
75
Sociology is considered a science because sociologists
construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior
receive government funding for research projects
engage in organized & systematic study of phenomena
teach at respected universities
76
Which of the following is an example of a social institution?
the U.S. government
a group of passengers on an inner-city bus
the members of a stamp-collecting society
a children's playgroup
77
Which of the following subject areas is an example of a natural science?
psychology
philosophy
anthropology
astronomy
78
The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as
political science
sociology
psychology
anthropology
79
Becky has a toy vacuum. She often pushes it around the living room. Becky is in the
game stage
preparatory stage
play stage
concrete operational stage
80
The totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects, & behavior
culture
society
social structure
socialization