Period 4 1900-Present

The worst pandemic in human history, caused by three waves that swept across the globe in 1918 and 1919

A pathogen that spreads primarily through sexual contact, contaminated blood products, or the sharing of needles

A military alliance, created in 1949, largely aimed at defending against Soviet aggression during the cold war.

Name commonly used for the Nazi genocide of Jews and other "undesirables" in German society.

refers to the unprecedented and enduring impact of human activity on the atmosphere, the geosphere, and the biosphere

promote strict adherence to the Quran and the sharia, often in opposition to key elements of Western culture

Industries like government, medicine, education, finance, that have grown due to consumerism, population, communication

Areas where international companies can operate with tax and other benefits,

Twentieth-century shift in energy production with increased use of coal and oil, major source of greenhouse gases

Revolution that overthrew the Romanovs and ended with the seizure of power by communists under the leadership of Lenin

Leader of the German Nazi Party and Germany's head of state from 1933 until his death.

An alliance formed in 1957 by six West European countries to develop common trade policies and reduced tariffs

An event that marks the coming to power of the Chinese Communist Party under the leadership of Mao Zedong

focused on issues such as pollution, resource depletion, protection of wildlife habitats, and nucelar power

Massive campaign launched by Mao Zedong in the mid-1960s to combat capitalist tendencies, threw China into chaos

Modern transformation of communication technology, from the nineteenth-century telegraph to the present-day smart phone.

deepening economic entanglement of the world's peoples, especially since 1950, includes spread of industrialization

Charismatic leader of the Italian Fascist Party who came to power in 1922 and ruled until his death.

The 1919 treaty that officially ended WWI; the penalties it placed on Germany are regarded as one of the causes of WWII

Worldwide economic contraction that began in 1929 with a stock market crash in the United States

The global spread of elements of popular culture such as film, language, and music from various places of origin

self-proclaimed return to the alleged original beliefs of a religion and is marked by a militant piety, exclusivism,

Born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, leader of the Russian Bolshevik (later Communist) Party in 1917, when it seized power.

A struggle to halt German imperial expansion in Europe, fought by allies including GB, the USSR, and the US

Chinese policy of population control; used financial incentives and penalties to promote birth control, sterilzation

Also known as the "shadow"; refers to unofficial, unregulated, and untaxed economic activity.

A culture of leisure and consumption that developed in tandem with global economic growth and an enlarged middle class

A struggle to halt Japanese imperial expansion in Asia, fought by the Japanese against Chinese and American foes.

Name for the agreements and institutions to regulate commercial and financial deals among the major capitalist countries

international body charged with negotiating the rules for global commerce and promoting free trade

A Hindu nationalist movement that became politically important in India in 1980s; advocated a distinct Hindu identity

German political party that established fascist state dedicated to nationalism, territorial expansion, and purification

demanded equal rights for women in employment and education, women's right to control their own bodies

Chairman of China's Communist Party and de facto ruler of China from 1949 until his death.

Communist policies that ended private ownership of land by incorporating small family farms into large collective farms

movement in Japan that was had extreme nationalism, a commitment to elite leadership (emperor) and foreign expansion

The movement of people, often illegally, into another country to escape poverty or violence and to seek opportunities

A military alliance between the Soviet Union and communist states in Eastern Europe, created a counterweight to NATO

Very large urban centers with populations of over 10 million;

Global businesses that produce goods or deliver services simultaneously in many countries

warming of the planet caused by higher concentrations of "greenhouse gases," generated by the burning of fossil fuels.

Communist push for collectivization that created "people's communes" and aimed to mobilize China's population

U.S. government initiative to aid in the post-World War II recovery of Western Europe that was put into effect in 1948.

Group within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that worked to promote equality for women in the 1920s

Nickname for East Asian countires which experienced remarkable economic growth in the late 1900s

The explosive growth of cities after 1900, caused by the reduced need for rural labor and opportunities for employment

Leader of the Soviet Union from the late 1920s until his death.

War that requires each country involved to mobilize its entire population in the effort to defeat the enemy.

Free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada, established in 1984.

Political ideology that considered the conflict of nations to be the driving force of history; had intense nationalism

focus on issues such as colonialism, racism, and poverty, rather than those exclusively related to gender.

A warmer and often a wetter period that began approximately 12,000 years ago following the end of the last ice age

The "Great War", essentially a European civil war with global reach, massive casualties, and trench warfare

Expansion of post-World War II communism to Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria

The Chinese Nationalist Party led by Chiang Kai-shek that ruled from 1928 until its overthrow by the communists in 1949.

What is Mrs. Brady's Hogwarts House?

Geopolitical and ideological conflict between communist regimes and capitalist powers after World War II

growth in human population during the twentieth century that quadrupled human numbers in little more than a century

In what year was a peace treaty created to end the Korean war?

international agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions sufficiently to avoid a 2° C increase in global temperatures.

Leader of the Vietnamese communist movement that established control first in Vietnam after 1975.

Innovations in agriculture during the twentieth century, such as mechanical harvesters, chemical fertilizers, and crops