Which of the following is FALSE regarding behaviour therapy (BT)?

All of the others are incorrect and are instead examples of RET

As one of the three aspect of Stress: Stimulus refers to...

The stressor in the environment an individual percieves as a discrepancy

In relation to the Resilience Model the Physical Responses category is defined as the:

They way your body responds biologically to the situation.

Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Graded refers to:

Tackling the easiest trigger first

Match the Circadian Rhythm Definitions: Suprachiasmatic Nuclei | Zeitgebers

Brain pacemakers that regulate neuron firing | Outside rhythm influencers

Reinforcement of desired behaviours.

Definition of Response Subsitution

Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Prolonged refers to:

Stay with the initial trigger until urge has been reduced by min. 50%

It is necessary to consider paramedic psychosocial health in terms of all of the following except..?

The nature of the people in which they come into contact with

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Temperature Circadian Rhythms & Suprachiasmatic Nuclei?

Late arvo temperature is approx. 1 degree Celsius lower than in the morning

In relation to the Resilience Model the Emotions category is defined as the:

The feelings associated with the event & subsequent stress. Can be good/bad

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the symptoms of PTSD:

PTSD is not diagnosed until the symptoms have been present for >3 months

Ability of an individual to maintain wellbeing despite adversity exposure, An ability to avoid, overcome or adapt to adverse circumstances, A more positive and proactive way of thinking about managing stress

In relation to the Resilience Model the Thoughts category is defined as the:

The things that go through your mind in relation to the event or stressors

Which of the following is FALSE regarding Denial and Avoidance Strategies?

A characteristic limited only to non-hardy persons

A feeling of falling short of personal expectations for work performance.

Perceived inadequacy of professional accomplishment

Paramedic Prevalence: Which of the following is INCORRECT relating to Paramedics with PTSD & Suicidal thinking?

PTSD is generally only diagnosed in Paramedics after major trauma cases

In the General Adaption Syndrome - Alarm reaction refers to:

Mobolise body's resources with very high arousal

Paramedic Prevalence: Depression & Anxiety rates amongst Paramedics is...

generally the same as the normal population

Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Repeated refers to:

Repeating the process at least 5 times a week, preferably daily

The ABC (D) model of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) & ABCDE Model of Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) stands for:

Activating Event > Belief > Consequences > Dispute > Expected New Behaviour, Antecedents > Beliefs > Consequences > Dispute > Expected New Behaviours

In relation to the Resilience Model the Behaviours category is defined as the:

What one does in response to the appraisal of the event immediately & post

Which of the following is FALSE regarding social systems, in the Biopyschosocial (BPS) model of Health?

Is generally defined as a combination of control & connection

The definition of Coping is?

The process by which people try to manage the stress they experience

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Circadian Rhythms?

Drifting occurs due to brain pacemakers "zeitgerbers" failing to regulate

The view that sickness involves particular & specific organs/body parts, so is independent of consciousness or society

The definition of the Mechanistic Health Model

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Circadian Rhythm regulated Hormone Production?

Circadian rhythms trigger hormone production regardless of when you sleep

Hardy personality are hypothesised to display…..

All of the answers are correct.

Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Focussed refers to:

Consciously doing the work not straying to correcting thoughts

Which of the following is FALSE regarding Anxiety?

Only emerges after experiencing a psychologically distressing event

Define General Adaption Syndrome.

Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress

Disease is a deviation from statistically derived norms & respondent to biochemical or anatomical interventions.

The definition of the Scientific Health Model

Characteristics enabling individuals to withstand stress & - health effects

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Paramedic Health & Wellbeing Final Exam Definitions Revision - Part 1

86 termsStudBud Administration36 plays

For optimal learning enable random question and answer orders. Part 1 Includes: Prevalence, BPS model, Resilience, Conditioning, CBT, Shift work, Circadian Rhythms & Stress/G.A.S.

Flashcards86 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 86

Answers

1
Which of the following is FALSE regarding behaviour therapy (BT)?
BT's include reinforcement, modelling, relaxation, punishment & biofeedback
BT's like exposure therapy are helpful in treating issues like phobias
Aims to change any harmful or unhelpful behaviours
All of the others are incorrect and are instead examples of RET
2
Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 elements paramedics are trying to ascertain when assessing Suicidality?
A Person's Planning
A Person's Behaviour
A Person's Conditioning
A Person's Ideation
3
As one of the three aspect of Stress: Stimulus refers to...
The stressor in the environment an individual percieves as a discrepancy
Person's psychological & physiological reactions to stressors
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
The way a person interacts and adjust to the stressor & resulting strain
4
In relation to the Resilience Model the Physical Responses category is defined as the:
What one does in response to the appraisal of the event immediately & post
The things that go through your mind in relation to the event.
They way your body responds biologically to the situation.
The feelings associated with the event & subsequent stress. Can be good/bad
5
Appraisal of stress is subdividing into 2 general factors. They are:
Environment & Person
Ambiguity & Controllability
Personality & Motivation
Situation & Person
6
Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Graded refers to:
Tackling the easiest trigger first
Repeating the process at least 5 times a week, preferably daily
Consciously doing the work not straying to correcting thoughts
Stay with the initial trigger until urge has been reduced by min. 50%
7
Behaviour being suppressed due to an aversive consequence. Generally has to be severe to have an effect.
Systematic Desensitation
Extinction
Punishment
Classical Conditioning
8
Match the Circadian Rhythm Definitions: Suprachiasmatic Nuclei | Zeitgebers
Brain pacemakers that regulate neuron firing | Outside rhythm influencers
Outside rhythm influencers | Brain pacemakers that regulate neuron firin
9
Reinforcement of desired behaviours.
Definition of Cognitive Restucturing
Definition of Modelling
Definition of Response Subsitution
Definition of Reinforcement
10
Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Prolonged refers to:
Consciously doing the work not straying to correcting thoughts
Stay with the initial trigger until urge has been reduced by min. 50%
Tackling the easiest trigger first
Repeating the process at least 5 times a week, preferably daily
11
It is necessary to consider paramedic psychosocial health in terms of all of the following except..?
The nature of where they work
The nature of the role they perform
The nature of the people in which they come into contact with
The nature of the organisational envronment
12
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Temperature Circadian Rhythms & Suprachiasmatic Nuclei?
Activity makes temperature rise affecting the circadian rhythm
Temperature is lowest when you are inactive generally early morning hours
Brain's pacemaker cells die as you age altering this circadian rhythm
Late arvo temperature is approx. 1 degree Celsius lower than in the morning
13
In relation to the Resilience Model the Emotions category is defined as the:
The things that go through your mind in relation to the event or stressors
They way your body responds biologically to the situation
The feelings associated with the event & subsequent stress. Can be good/bad
What one does in response to the appraisal of the event immediately & post
14
CBT aims to help you to change the way that you think, feel and behave. Used to treat only mental health problems.
False
True
15
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the symptoms of PTSD:
Exagerated starled response, due to exposure & lack of control
Hyper-vigilance & emotional detachment or numbing
PTSD is not diagnosed until the symptoms have been present for >3 months
Re-experiencing the event through dreams, thoughts & flashbacks
16
Define Resilience.
To get knocked down and get back up again, aint anything keep em down
Ability of an individual to maintain wellbeing despite adversity exposure
An ability to avoid, overcome or adapt to adverse circumstances
A more positive and proactive way of thinking about managing stress
17
In relation to the Resilience Model the Thoughts category is defined as the:
What one does in response to the appraisal of the event immediately & post
The things that go through your mind in relation to the event or stressors
They way your body responds biologically to the situation
The feelings associated with the event & subsequent stress. Can be good/bad
18
Weekend shift work is associated with increased recreational drug use?
False
True
19
Paramedic Prevalence: Suicidal Thinking & Planning Rates are higher than the general population by approx. 3 & 9 times?
False
True
20
Which of the following is FALSE regarding Denial and Avoidance Strategies?
Tends to be utilised with other strategies in uncontrollable events/stress
A characteristic limited only to non-hardy persons
Avoiding a situation by denying it.
Its a type of Cognitive-Focussed Coping Mechanism (subcategory of Emotion)
21
A feeling of falling short of personal expectations for work performance.
Perceived inadequacy of professional accomplishment
Suicidal idealisation
Emotional exhaustion
Depersonalisation
22
Paramedic Prevalence: Which of the following is INCORRECT relating to Paramedics with PTSD & Suicidal thinking?
PTSD is generally only diagnosed in Paramedics after major trauma cases
Risk of Suicidal thinking is 3.5x more likely for paramedics with PTSD
PTSD Research = inconsistent as such it is necessary to assess case by case
Suicidal Planning rates in PTSD paramedics are higher than thinking rates
23
In the General Adaption Syndrome - Alarm reaction refers to:
Prolonged Arousal leading to long term ill-health or death
Body adapts to stressors, high psych arousal, increased susceptibility
The process by which you actually manage the experienced stressor
Mobolise body's resources with very high arousal
24
Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 aspects of Stress?
Demand
Stimulus
Response
Apprehension
25
Lack of personal regard for others as shown by treating people as objects.
Depersonalisation
Suicidal idealisation
Emotional exhaustion
Perceived inadequacy of professional accomplishment
26
Burden of disease refers to the overall impact of diseases/injuries at an individual, societal or economic level?
False
True
27
HEALTH = A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
False
True
28
Paramedic Prevalence: Depression & Anxiety rates amongst Paramedics is...
generally higher than the normal population
is not comparable to the normal population
generally the same as the normal population
generally lower than the normal population
29
Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Repeated refers to:
Stay with the initial trigger until urge has been reduced by min. 50%
Tackling the easiest trigger first
Repeating the process at least 5 times a week, preferably daily
Consciously doing the work not straying to correcting thoughts
30
The ABC (D) model of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) & ABCDE Model of Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) stands for:
Activating Event > Belief > Conditions > Dispute > Expected New Behaviour
Activating Event > Belief > Consequences > Dispute > Expected New Behaviour
Antecedents > Beliefs > Consequences > Dispute > Expected New Behaviours
Antecedents > Beliefs > Conditions > Dispute > Expected New Behaviours
31
Difference between Shiftwork definitions. Rotate = changing shift times from day-night. Permanent = working only nights
False
True
32
Regarding the systems of the BPS model. The personal component is broken down into biological & psychological systems?
False
True
33
All behaviours in Emotion Focused Coping are all positive
False
True
34
In relation to the Resilience Model the Behaviours category is defined as the:
The feelings associated with the event & subsequent stress. Can be good/bad
The things that go through your mind in relation to the event or stressors
They way your body responds biologically to the situation
What one does in response to the appraisal of the event immediately & post
35
Which of the following is FALSE regarding social systems, in the Biopyschosocial (BPS) model of Health?
System examples include: society, community & family
Social systems both positively & negatively influence health habits
Works on the assumption that everyone exists in some sort of social context
Is generally defined as a combination of control & connection
36
Reversal of a learned fear by the pairing of a stimulus hierarchy (series of steps increasing stimulus) with relaxation
Punishment
Systematic Desensitation
Extinction
Classical Conditioning
37
The definition of Coping is?
A systematic process used to only manage external stressors
Process which people try to exacerbate the stress they experience
The process by which people try to manage the stress they experience
A systematic process used to only manage internal stressors
38
The feeling of being drained of emotional resources & unable to help others on a psychological level.
Emotional exhaustion
Suicidal idealisation
Perceived inadequacy of professional accomplishment
Depersonalisation
39
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Circadian Rhythms?
Associated with hormone secretions, temperature, BP and sleep/light cycles
Determined & set by the time of day which you regularly see sunlight
Are key biological cycles that rhythmically occur over a 24-hour period
Drifting occurs due to brain pacemakers "zeitgerbers" failing to regulate
40
The view that sickness involves particular & specific organs/body parts, so is independent of consciousness or society
The definition of the Bio-logistic Health Model
The definition of the Scientific Health Model
The definition of the Mechanistic Health Model
The definition of the Biopsychosocial Health Model
41
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Circadian Rhythm regulated Hormone Production?
Changing your daily sleeping schedule, also changes peak of cortisol cycle
Circadian rhythms trigger hormone production regardless of when you sleep
Cortisol is usually highest between 6-8am gradually declining over the day
Hormone production peaks within the first two hours of sleep
42
Hardy personality are hypothesised to display…..
Commitment or involvement in daily activities.
All of the answers are correct.
Perceived control over life events.
View potential threats as a positive.
43
Zeitgebers include predominantly daylight, sleep, social contact & meal times to send timekeeping clues to your brain
True
False
44
Regarding to Systematic Desensitisation Exposure Focussed refers to:
Stay with the initial trigger until urge has been reduced by min. 50%
Tackling the easiest trigger first
Repeating the process at least 5 times a week, preferably daily
Consciously doing the work not straying to correcting thoughts
45
Which of the following is FALSE regarding Anxiety?
Associated with feelings of apprehension, dread, distress and uneasiness
Also experienced as autonomic arousal with ↑HR & RR, sweating etc
A vague, unpleasant emotional state involving an unspecified threat
Only emerges after experiencing a psychologically distressing event
46
Define General Adaption Syndrome.
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
Managing stress by changing the meaning of a situation via will & reasoning
Characteristics enabling individuals to withstand stress & - health effects
Managing stress aimed at reducing the discrepancy between resource & demand
47
Paramedic Prevalence: PTSD rates amongst Paramedics is 14.6% higher than the general population at 6.4%?
True
False
48
Burnout is a state of psychological/physical exhaustion resulting from chronic exposure to high stress & to much control
True
False
49
Personal Factors regarding the appraisal of stress assess all 3 factors EXCEPT?
Motivational
Intellectual
Ambiguity
Personality
50
Disease is a deviation from statistically derived norms & respondent to biochemical or anatomical interventions.
The definition of the Bio-logistic Health Model
The definition of the Scientific Health Model
The definition of the Mechanistic Health Model
The definition of the Biopsychosocial Health Model
51
Define Hardiness.
Managing stress aimed at reducing the discrepancy between resource & demand
Managing stress by changing the meaning of a situation via will & reasoning
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
Characteristics enabling individuals to withstand stress & - health effects
52
In the General Adaption Syndrome - Stage of Resistance refers to:
Body adapts to stressors, high psych arousal, increased susceptibility
Mobolise body's resources with very high arousal
Prolonged Arousal leading to long term ill-health or death
The process by which you actually manage the experienced stressor
53
As one of the three aspect of Stress: Response refers to...
The way a person interacts and adjust to the stressor & resulting strain
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
The stressor in the environment an individual percieves as a discrepancy
Person's psychological & physiological reactions to stressors
54
Which of the following is FALSE regarding biological systems, in the Biopyschosocial (BPS) model of Health?
System examples include: organs, tissues and cells
Include the way disease and injury affects a body's physiological function
When describing the system it is about whats inside the person's head
Is generally defined as a combination of genetics & physiology
55
Situation Factors regarding the appraisal of stress assess all 3 factors EXCEPT?
Desirability
Controllability
Ambiguity
Motivational
56
RET asserts all emotional problems stem from empirically invalidated thinking that if logically disputed can be fixed.
False
True
57
The view that health and illness involve the interplay of biological, psychological & social factors in people's lives.
The definition of the Scientific Health Model
The definition of the Mechanistic Health Model
The definition of the Bio-logistic Health Model
The definition of the Biopsychosocial Health Model
58
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Circadian Rhythms and the Cardiovascular System?
BP drops off and hits it lowest point during the early morning hours
More strokes & heart attacks occur in the mid arvo instead of morning/night
Blood coagulates fastest at about 8am in the morning
Blood pressure rises in the morning & stays elevated to late afternoon
59
Define Cognitive Focused Coping.
Characteristics enabling individuals to withstand stress & - health effects
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
Managing stress aimed at reducing the discrepancy between resource & demand
Managing stress by changing the meaning of a situation via will & reasoning
60
The Biomedical model of health can be defined in terms of either a Bio-logistic, Mechanistic or Scientific health views?
True
False
61
RET states it is the activating event that causes distress, not the subsequent irrational beliefs around the event
True
False
62
Which is NOT something that Depression Research has indicated people experiencing depression tend to do?
Show disrupted eating and sleeping habbits
Feel hopeless about the future, can appear listless & passive
Generally experience autonomic arousal symptoms & skeletal muscle effects
Have a generally unhappy mood, and have low self-esteem & high self-guilt
63
Following a behaviour with a pleasant consequence or the taking away of something unpleasant.
Definition of Response Subsitution
Definition of Modelling
Definition of Cognitive Restucturing
Definition of Reinforcement
64
Which of the following is FALSE regarding cognitive therapy (CT)?
Identify helpful thoughts to actively change the way you think about them
Centres on cognitive processes like phobias, depression & anxiety
CT states that certain ways of thinking can fuel/trigger certain problems
CT Therapists help you to understand your current thought patterns
65
Define Stress in relation to Health.
An interplay between transitions, discrepancies, demands & resources.
Pressure or tension exerted on a material object until it breaks
A person's resources being increased after adverse event or action.
A person's resources being depleted after adverse event or action
66
Sleep more soundly when temp is lowest i.e. early hours of morning & more likely to awaken when temp increases at 6-8am
True
False
67
Primary appraisal occurs when a stress is first encountered. Secondary is the ongoing assessment of coping resources.
False
True
68
Paramedic Prevalence: PTSD rates amongst Paramedics is...
higher than the normal population, but comparable to other ambo services
lower than the normal population, but comparable to other ambo services
lower than the normal population, but lower than other ambo services
higher than the normal population, but lower than other ambo services
69
Replacing stressful thoughts with more realistic thoughts.
Definition of Response Subsitution
Definition of Reinforcement
Definition of Modelling
Definition of Cognitive Restucturing
70
Shift work involves working outside the normal daylight hours/working hours of 6am to 6pm
False
True
71
In the General Adaption Syndrome - Stage of Exhaustion refers to:
The process by which you actually manage the experienced stressor
Mobolise body's resources with very high arousal
Prolonged Arousal leading to long term ill-health or death
Body adapts to stressors, high psych arousal, increased susceptibility
72
Operant Conditioning differs from classical conditioning as it deals with the modification of a voluntary behaviour
False
True
73
The difference between + & - Reinforcement. Positive is giving a dog a treat & Negative is taking aspirin for a headache
True
False
74
Observing people doing the behaviour you want to adopt particularly if the person is high status.
Definition of Reinforcement
Definition of Cognitive Restucturing
Definition of Modelling
Definition of Response Subsitution
75
When a new stimulus develops the ability to cause a reflex response to follow.
Classical Conditioning
Systematic Desensitation
Punishment
Extinction
76
Which of the following is FALSE regarding cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT)?
The personal educational element of CBT leads to long term results
CBT is just a scientific talking therapy that changes thoughts & behaviour
Goal is to unlearn unwanted reactions & learn a new-way to react
CBT is based on an educational model that assumes most reactions are learnt
77
Shift work can include staff working in the evenings, overnight, overtime or extra-long workdays?
True
False
78
Health Effects of Shift Work include all except:
Increased rates of substance abuse i.e. 50% more drink alcohol and smoke
Fertility affects include preterm birth, menstrual changes & sperm mutation
CHD/CVD with a 25% higher risk @1-2yrs, increasing to 66% by 10-14yrs
Increased fatigue, tiredness and risk of accidents
79
The view that disease is the occurrence of natural events, independent of any social relationships or factors
The definition of the Biopsychosocial Health Model
The definition of the Scientific Health Model
The definition of the Bio-logistic Health Model
The definition of the Mechanistic Health Model
80
Circadian Rhythms result in pain tolerance being highest in the afternoon with less anaesthesia required for pain relief
False
True
81
According to the ABC model people blame the event for emotional consequences when its our beliefs that should be blamed
True
False
82
Define Emotion Focused Coping.
The process by which people try to manage the stress they experience
Approach used to manage stress aimed at regulating emotional responses
A person's resources being depleted after adverse event or action
Approach used to manage stress aimed at regulating behavioural responses
83
As one of the three aspect of Stress: Process refers to...
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
Person's psychological & physiological reactions to stressors
The way a person interacts and adjust to the stressor & resulting strain
The stressor in the environment an individual percieves as a discrepancy
84
Which of the following is FALSE regarding psychological systems, in the Biopyschosocial (BPS) model of Health?
Explores how cognition is influenced by a person's environment e.g. family
Includes cognitive, emotional and motivational factors
Is generally defined as a combination of experience & behaviour
Explores things like why something was perceived, taught or thought about
85
Define Problem Focused Coping.
Managing stress aimed at reducing the discrepancy between resource & demand
Sequence of physiological reactions to prolonged & intense stress
Characteristics enabling individuals to withstand stress & - health effects
Managing stress by changing the meaning of a situation via will & reasoning
86
A conditioned stimulus loses its ability produce the conditioned response over time.
Punishment
Systematic Desensitation
Classical Conditioning
Extinction

Paramedic Health & Wellbeing Final Exam Definitions Revision - Part 1 Flashcards | StudBud