6th Midterm 2021

The ability to do work

Earth's layer that contains all of Earth's water.

Earth's outermost layer and is a relatively thin envelope of gases.

A group of parts that work together as a whole.

The process of ___ adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge.

According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift,

Sloping mountain formed by layers of lava, pour out of a vent and harden on top of past layers?

Viewing the image, which layer contains a fossil that is older than the fish fossil?

Why did other scientists during Alfred Wegener's time reject his theory?

Jellyfish are one of the oldest species on Earth. In what time period did they first appear?

Evidence from landforms fossils climate in support of the theory of the shrinking of Earth.

Seismic waves are _________________ that are similar to sound waves.

____________ currents drive Earth's plates.

____ forces shaped the land's surface by building up mountains and other landmasses.

From which of the following does a batholith form?

Seismic waves cause the {pen} to vibrate, producing a pattern of zig zag lines.

Which of the following is an opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano?

A measure of how much mass there is in a given volume of a substance.

Fossils that are abundant, are easily recognizable, and widely distributed are called ____.

Most geologists of Wegener’s time {accepted} his idea of drifting continents.

The San Andreas fault is an example of which kind of boundary?

A _____________ is a record of an earth's seismic waves.

The epicenter of an earthquake is _________ the focus.

Oceanic crust near the mid-ocean ridge is {younger} than crust farther away from the ridge.

Results from a force pressing on an area.

What is the motion of Earth’s plates like?

Which force squeezes Earth's crust to make the crust shorter and thicker?

Stress is a(n) ______________________ that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

The sphere of Earth that is comprised of all the Earth's solid rocks and metals.

The following picture is an example of what type of heat transfer?

Approximately how old is the Earth?

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by

Mountains have __________ elevation and ___________ relief.

A _____________ is a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level.

Viewing the image, which layer is the youngest?

What is Pangaea?

The "s" in "S Waves" stands for ___________.

What technology did scientists use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge?

The following picture is an example of what type of heat transfer?

A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a

The Modified Mercalli scale rates the amount of _____________ from an earthquake.

The following picture is an example of what type of heat transfer?

The Ring of Fire is an area of seismic activity around the {Atlantic} Ocean.

An ______________ is a smaller earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake.

The shape of the land.

In which time period are we currently living?

The same index fossils were found in different rock strata miles apart. What is true?

Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a

Plateaus have __________ elevation and ___________ relief.

Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called

The "p" in "P waves" stands for ________________.

Identifying the age of a rock based on the ages of other rocks is called this.

Which time period is the longest?

Subduction occurs where the oceanic crust bends down toward the mantle at a(n) ____.

Along a {divergent boundary}, two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions.

The hypothesis by ___ was that all the continents once were joined as a single supercontinent.

When enough stress builds up in brittle rock, the rock breaks, causing a ___ to form.

Geologists use the moment magnitude scale to rate the total ____ released by an earthquake.

Old oceanic crust is more dense than new oceanic crust because it is

From what kind of lava does pahoehoe form?

Which of the following is an opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano?

In which location would you most likely find volcanoes?

A numerical calculation of the number of years that have passed since the rock formed is this.

The weight and pen of a seismograph resist ________ during an earthquake.

Earthquakes occur most often along _______________ boundaries.

Mid-ocean ridges form the {longest} mountain ranges on Earth.

What provides the force that causes magma to erupt to the surface?

In what time period did Pangaea, the super continent, appear?

____ forces destroy and wear away landmasses through processes like erosion and weathering.

Which forms from magma that squeezes between horizontal rock layers and later hardens?

The temperature inside Earth _________________ as depth increases.

Using the relative and absolute ages of rocks helps scientists determine what about the Earth?

When continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary on land, a(n) ________ forms.

Geological theory states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion

The preserved remains of plants and animals are called ______________.

The height above sea level.

What do geologists call a volcano that is not likely to erupt ever again?

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a

Small earthquakes in the area near a volcano, what can happen with the volcano?

If subduction occurs faster than oceanic crust can be created, an ocean will {expand}.

The ___________________ is made up of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.

The end of life for an entire group of organisms is called mass ___________.

Geologists can not yet predict ___________ and where an earthquake will occur.

The lithosphere is broken into sections called ___, which float on top of the asthenosphere.

Dinosaurs, small mammals, and birds are found in this time period.

The flow that transfers heat within a fluid.

Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions is __________.

The main hazard from a quiet volcanic eruption is

A _______ is an instrument that records and measures an earthquake's seismic waves.

The stress force that pulls on the crust and thins rock in the middle is ____________.

A volcano erupts quietly if its magma is which of the following?