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Ecology & Biodiversity: Test 1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Ecology & Biodiversity: Test 1 Review
Ecology & Biodiversity: Test 1 Review
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Ecology & Biodiversity W-18 Test Review
Flashcards
52 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Permafrost, or permanently frozen subsoil, characterizes ________.
coniferous forest
tundra
chaparral
temperate broadleaf forest
2
Which of the following taxonomic levels is most inclusive?
order
class
genus
family
3
If you study how two species compete for food, you are trying to answer a question about _____.
ecosystems ecology
population ecology
community ecology
organismal ecology
4
Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following EXCEPT ________.
Volcanic explosions
Mass extinction
Allopatric speciation
Sympatric speciation
5
What criteria is used to assign populations of organisms to the same biological species?
A very similar appearance
Having 99% of their genes in common
Being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Responding to the environment in the same way
6
The wing of a penguin is ________ the wing of a butterfly.
Structurally identical to
Homologous to
Analogous to
Superior to
7
Sympatric speciation specifically EXCLUDES ________.
Postzygotic barriers
Behavioural isolation
Geographic isolation
Temporal isolation
8
Which of these biomes are maintained by fire?
deserts and chaparral
temperate broadleaf forests and chaparral
chaparral and savannas
savanna and temperate grasslands
9
Which of the following is NOT a result of global warming?
melting permafrost
increased forest clearing for agricultural purposes
shifts in the ranges of some species
changes in the breeding seasons of some species
10
Bilateral symmetry and a highly branched gastrovascular cavity suggest that this is a(n) _____.
chordate
flatworm
annelid
mollusk
11
Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis?
Insects that can reproduce in larval stages
Two species evolving a similar appearance
Rapid evolution in a small, isolated population
Starfish regenerating severed limbs
12
Which fish group include a lineage that migrated from fresh water and adapted to life on land?
lobe-finned fishes
cartilaginous fishes
ray-finned fishes
jawless fishes
13
A feature that freed reptiles from dependence on water for reproduction is ________.
the amniotic egg
metamorphosis
ectothermy
parental care of eggs
14
Unique features of vertebrates include the presence of a(n) ________.
pharyngeal slit
skull and a backbone
notochord
endoskeleton
15
The mobile stage of the cnidarian life cycle is the ________ stage.
Bilateral
Tadpole
Polyp
Medusa
16
Which of these is a characteristic of animals that distinguishes them from other eukaryotes?
Animals are heterotrophs.
Animals use photosynthesis.
Animals are multicellular.
Animals ingest food.
17
What name is given to the seafloor?
pelagic realm
benthic realm
intertidal zone
aphotic zone
18
Which of these is a community?
all of the people living in your neighbourhood
all of the organisms living in your home
all of the nut grass (considered a weed) in your backyard
all of the Staphylococcus aureus living on your skin
19
What level of ecology is concerned with the adaptations of individuals?
organismal
ecosystem
community
population
20
Rays are a type of ________.
jawless fish
tunicate
bony fish
cartilaginous fish
21
Which can moderate climate by absorbing heat or releasing heat?
glaciers
oceans
clouds
mountains
22
Which of the following is abiotic?
a protist
a plant
a rock
a fungus
23
The Sahara Desert and the Negev Desert belong to the same ________.
community
savanna ecosystem
biome
temperate grassland
24
The platypus is a ________.
monotreme
eutherian
bird
marsupial
25
Insects, such as this grasshopper, have ____.
eight legs
a two-part body: head and abdomen
a three-part body: head, thorax, and abdomen
no wings
26
2 species are mated in a zoo; producing fertile offspring. Why are they considered two species?
Wild populations have different geographic distributions.
In the wild, one species prey upon the other species.
The two species look very different.
Zoos are not natural environments.
27
Which of the following organisms are NOT ultimately dependent on sunlight for energy?
migratory bird species
species that live in hydrothermal vent habitats
trees that have experienced "flagging"
marine species that live in the aphotic zone
28
What name is given to the open ocean?
pelagic realm
intertidal zone
benthic realm
photic zone
29
What are estuaries?
types of freshwater biomes
areas near the start of a river
regions where ocean meets land
transition areas between a river and the ocean
30
The physical & physiological changes experienced by astronauts who spend months in space is ___
camouflaging
flagging
adaptation
acclimation
31
What fraction of Earth's surface has been altered by human use?
75%
95%
50%
25%
32
Temperate zones ________.
are relatively dry
have milder climates than the tropics
are concentrated in the polar regions
have the coolest climates on Earth
33
The natural differences in the ranges of wild tigers and lions is an example of ________.
a postzygotic barrier
the impact of mutations
a prezygotic barrier
sympatric speciation
34
Female fireflies mate with males who light up in certain patterns what term best describes this
Habitat isolation
Behavioural isolation
Temporal isolation
Mechanical isolation
35
Examine the figure; phytoplankton live in the ________.
photic zone and aphotic zone
aphotic zone
photic zone
benthic realm
36
Temperature increases due to global warming have been greatest ________.
in deserts
in the tropics
close to the poles
in the sea
37
Ecology is the study of ________.
interactions between humans and other species
interactions between organisms and their environments
life
human effects on the environment
38
In the oceans, global warming has ________.
decreased the amount of oxygen available
made the water more basic
made the water more acidic
benefited corals
39
Which of these exhibits radial symmetry?
spoon
butterfly
snowflake
shoe box
40
Speciation requires ________
Long periods of time
Periods of rapid evolutionary change
Genetic isolation
Geographic isolation
41
At different times in their lives, salmon can be found in all of the following EXCEPT________.
an estuary
a freshwater biome
the pelagic realm
a chaparral
42
The current geological era is the ________.
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
Paleozoic
Cambrian
43
________ are the most diverse group of arthropods.
Insects
Crustaceans
Millipedes
Arachnids
44
Which of the following is NOT a cause of increasing CO2 levels?
burning of fossil fuels
home energy use
production of manufactured goods
creating compost piles from vegetable waste
45
Almost every element of bird anatomy is modified for what?
eating seeds
enhancement of flight
singing unique songs
laying eggs
46
The Science Of Naming, Identifying, And Classifying Organisms Is Called ________.
Biogeography
Taxonomy
Phylogeny
Systematics
47
An effect of deforestation has been to ________.
decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
decrease carbon dioxide production from cellular respiration
increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
increase carbon dioxide uptake by organic material
48
Most of the temperate grassland in North America has been converted to ________.
farmland
cities
national parks
small neighborhoods
49
Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds) were extinct by the end of the ________.
Eocene
Silurian
Permian
Cretaceous
50
Wetlands ________.
are found in the intertidal zone
are bodies of swiftly flowing water
include rivers, streams, ponds, and lakes
are important in improving water quality
51
Which anthropoids are most closely related to humans?
gorillas
orangutans
gibbons
chimpanzees
52
Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?
Plantae
Archaea
Animalia
Eukarya