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World History Final Exam Review
World History Final Exam Review
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1
What event helped bring World War II to an end in Japan?
The Battle of Stalingrad
The allied D-Day invasion of Normandy
The US invasion of Tokyo
The atomic bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
2
What holy city formed the epicenter of the Crusades during the Middle Ages?
Rome
Mecca
Jerusalem
Constantinople
3
Divide history into time periods when the country was controlled by a leader from the same family (ex: China)
Dynasties
Regimes
Oligarchies
4
Why were the combined claims of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galilei upsetting to the Catholic Church?
They questioned narratives ofthe Bible
They questioned the authority of the Pope
They did not believe in God
5
Indians stopped buying British goods as a protest against British rule. Why did they use this strategy?
To limit British control of India’s domestic politics
It was less profitable for the UK to exploit India through colonial trade
To stop the British from establishing a monopoly in the cotton industry
6
Concepts like the “white man’s burden” & Social Darwinism were examples of what truth about “new imperialism”?
African & Asian nations could not compete with Europe's technology
Colonies largely benefitted under European rule
Europeans used racism to justify the subjugation of peoples in Africa/Asia
7
What best describes 19th c. European colonialism in Africa?
Religious organizations were required to respect local customs
Industrial nations competed for control of natural resources
Native populations accepted democratic government reforms
Large standing armies were needed to maintain public order
8
What characteristic made serfs in Europe different from other peasants?
Serfs were free to move from place to place
Serfs were bound to the land & forced to work for the lord who owned it
Serfs generally made a higher income than peasants
9
Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks are credited for the founding of what former world power?
The Austro-Hungarian Empire
The Soviet Union
Yugoslavia
10
In a socialist society, who controls the factories?
All of the workers who collectively share in its benefit
Private owners
The leader of the state
11
In 1923 German currency lost most of its value, sending the economy into a freefall. This is an example of...
Capitalism
Inflation
Intervention
Corruption
12
What was the Berlin Conference?
uprising by Vladimir Lenin. Rebuild the gov't to form USSR
Meeting of major Euro powers. Talks to divide and colonize Africa
Movement of plants, animals, people, diseases, & more between Afro-Eurasia
13
Nazi Germany’s Nuremberg Laws were created to deny citizenship to:
Immigrants
Jews
Clergy
Communists
14
How did events like the Black Death & the Great Schism affect the power of the Catholic Church in Europe?
Christianity split between Roman and Byzantine catholics
The Church lost much of its political power and spiritual authority
The pope was democratically elected
The Church emerged as the dominant force of Christianity
15
How did Hiter’s demands for “lebensraum” relate to the social Darwinist ideology of the Nazi Party?
Hitler wanted to invade France as revenge for the losses suffered in WWI
Hitler wanted to recoup territory that Germany lost in the first World War
Hitler believed that Germans were a superior race & deserved to expand
16
How would the US respond following the September 11th attacks in 2001?
Invade Iraq to topple the regime of Saddam Hussein
Push the forces of Sadaam Hussein out of the country of Kuwait
Invade and occupy the nation of Afghanistan for 20 years
17
What is feudalism?
Prejudice towards people of Jewish faith and ancestry
leader tries to control every aspect of society. Ex: Nazi Germany
In Japan & Europe in Middle Ages. Self-sustaining small-scale societies
18
The Ottoman Empire existed from the 1400s until the end of:
World War I
The Seven Years War
The Napoleonic Wars
World War II
19
1500s - 1880s, the bulk of production on European sugar plantations in the Americas was accomplished by:
Native American labor
Slaves imported from Africa
Feudal serfs
20
Which statement about the Renaissance is
true
?
Europe rediscovered ancient Greek & Roman, ideas, art, & culture
It was a short event, occurring rapidly across Europe
It started in France after its victory in the Hundred Years’ War
It impacted all people across Europe, especially the peasants
21
Free trade, private ownership, and using money for investment led what economic system in medieval Europe?
Capitalism
Feudalism
Manorialism
22
Above all else, what did the Spanish hope to find in the Americas?
precious metals like gold
Trade routes to Asia
Land to cultivate
23
The decline of the Qing dynasty in China throughout the 1800s was hastened by:
Invasion by the Mongols
An outbreak of the Bubonic Plague
A Communist revolution
Meddling by imperialist powers
24
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
1st French constitution during Rev. gave specific freedoms to the people
Decree by king Henry of Navarre ended the French Wars of Religion
“great charter” between King John of England & his nobles in 1215
25
The US policy of “containment” during the Cold War was aimed at:
Stopping the spread of Communism
Rebuilding Europe like American capitalist democracy
Preventing the spread of deadly diseases
Limiting the growth of nuclear weapons
26
Which nation-state was created for displaced Jewish peoples as a homeland after WW2
Israel
Kuwait
Jordan
27
What happened to Germany following World War II?
It was divided into 4 zones
It split into over 300 smaller states
It was forced to accept blame for the war
28
What was one result of the Industrial Revolution?
Manufacturing industries created a demand for urban laborers
Regulations for a safe working environment slowed production
Subsistence farming increased
Cottage industries were established
29
Why did the religion of Islam eventually split into 2 sects?
Different cultures emerged
They disagreed on who should lead the religion
People disagreed on which rules and rituals were most important
30
In 1947, which British colony was divided into 3 pieces between majority Hindu & Muslim regions?
South Africa
Vietnam
India
31
What 2 commodities dominated trade in West Africa during the Middle Ages?
Spices and silk
Gold and salt
Iron and spices
32
How did Renaissance Humanist research help to give rise to the Scientific Revolution?
The discovery & study of ancient Greek & Roman scientific & math works
Italian leaders financed the research of scholars during the revolution
The revolution was spurred by critical analysis of Catholic documents
33
What is Absolutism?
prejudice and hostility towards people of Jewish faith and ancestry
European empires competed for control of territory across the world.
monarch should maintain total control over kingdom. Divine right of kings
34
Who was Martin Luther
17th C philosopher. Called for gov't to uphold “natural rights” of citizens
19th C German economist and philosopher. The Communist Manifesto
German monk “95 Theses” criticizing Catholic Church. Protestant Reformation
35
What was the Magna Carta?
Ended French Wars of Religion. Made Catholicism official religion in France
1st French constitution. Gave people specific freedoms
“great charter” king was no longer above the law, but bound to it
36
Why did Protestants split into many different groups across Europe?
They set up local groups to govern in different parts of Europe
They had differing interpretations of the Bible
They disagreed on who should lead Christianity
37
How did the invention of the printing press impact the book market & help fuel thought in Renaissance Europe?
Books were only printed in Latin
Many publishers went out of business
Books were able to be made more detailed and fancier
They spread quickly, were affordable, in many languages increasing literacy
38
After World War II, countries of Africa and Asia gained independence from imperial European powers, AKA
Nationalization
Decolonization
Unification
39
Who was Karl Marx
17th C philosopher. Called for gov't to uphold “natural rights” of citizens
Middle Ages West African king. Richest man to ever live
19th C German economist and philosopher. The Communist Manifesto
40
Who was Mansa Musa?
German monk. Wrote “95 Theses”. Incite the Protestant Reformation in Europe
A 17th Century English philosopher. Came up with “natural rights”
A Middle Ages West African king of Mali. Gold and salt trade
41
What is a characteristic of the divine right of kings?
Monarchs listen to parliament
The clergy make government decision
Parliamentary representatives share power
The monarch derives authority from God
42
How did Europeans get African slaves during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
They kidnapped Africans from coastal villages
They traded luxury goods with Africans in exchange for slaves
They sent armies into African kingdoms to capture people
43
What does temporary structures (igloos & tepees) reveal about the lifestyles of native groups?
They were merchant tribes who carried trade between groups
They did not have the knowledge to build stronger structures
They based their societies on the use of settled agriculture
They practiced a semi-nomadic lifestyle based on hunting wild animals
44
How did the Black Death spread to Europe?
Climate change resulted in plague-infected rats migrating into Europe
Italian merchants from the Black Sea brought it back to Italy by ship
It was brought into Europe by Mongol armies from Poland
It was brought across the Mediterranean from trans-Saharan trade
45
How did Spanish explorers permanently change the cultures of the civilizations they encountered?
European trade centers were expanded
Spanish leaders adopted the religious beliefs of the Aztecs
Indigenous populations were devastated by European diseases
46
What defensive military alliance was created in 1949 between the US, Canada, & W. European nations against the USSR?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Warsaw Pact
North American Free Trade Agreement
47
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Philosophical movement inspired by Sci. Rev. Use reason to improve society
Meeting to discuss the division of Africa
Movement of animals, people, & diseases between Afro-Eurasia & the Americas
48
How did European exploration of the Americas most affect the Inca and Aztec empires?
It introduced diseases that resulted in a population decline
Native relied less on farming
People move inland from coastal locations
It encouraged tribal leaders to create alliances
49
Why was the creation of the state of Israel seen as controversial to some today?
They didn't ask what the Jewish community wanted
They did not consider the territory disputed between Muslims and Christians
Muslim Palestinians already lived there who hoped for the
50
How did Michael Gorbechev’s policies of “Glasnost” (openness) and “Perestroika” (restructuring) impact the Soviet Union?
They allowed the nation to more effectively compete with US
They limited the production of nuclear weapons
Led to unrest & protests, eventually resulting it its collapse
51
In the 19th century the Chinese confronted Great Britain over the import of what damaging product to China?
Rice
Opium
Coffee
52
How were Luther’s ideas able to spread so quickly around Europe during the Protestant Reformation?
Luther spoke many languages and traveled around Europe preaching
The printing press allowed for easy copying & shared in many languages
The Holy Roman Empire was tightly united
Support from emperor Charles V
53
What controversial practice by the Catholic Church caused Martin Luther to post his 95 Theses?
The destruction of Catholic relics across Europe
The sale of indulgences
The translation of the Bible into vernacular languages
54
The bombing of the USS Cole & the September 11th attacks by Al-Qaeda are modern examples of:
Conventional warfare
Espionage
Cyber warfare
Terrorism
55
How can the Islamic world be seen as a “preserver of knowledge”?
Renaissance scholars commonly studied in Muslim libraries
Muslim scholars were commonly employed in European universities
They collected & translated ancient Greek & Roman texts
Muslims destroyed libraries and temples in the European cities
