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Miller Levine Biology midterm review
what is phagocytosis
The element present in all organic molecules is
Miller Levine Biology midterm review
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1
The element present in all organic molecules is
Oxygen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
2
what is phagocytosis
i have no idea
the cell is releasing materials from its inside
the cytoplasm surrounds the stuff, packages into vacuole, then engulfs it
3
Tina Stable internal environment is called what
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Body functions
4
Ribosomes that synthesize proteins are found on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
False
True
5
Bond between carbon and hydrogen
Covalent
Ionic
6
Lupe's is an enzyme that breaks down what
Sucrose
Fats
Starch
Protein
7
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about differences between cells
Most cells have a membrane but some do not
Different kinds of cells are different sizes
Some cells have a nucleus but others do not
Cells come in many different shapes
8
most plants and animals reproduce asexually
False
True
9
what is exocytosis
idk
the cell is absorbing materials into the membrane
the cell is releasing materials from inside of it
10
which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides
a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
a sugar and a purine o pyimidine
a nitrogenous base and sugar
a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a 5-carbon sugar
11
what are the smallest objects that biologists study
molecules
body organs
organisms
cells
12
Information storage molecules of cells are called
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Enzymes
Fatty acids
13
How to phospholipids interact with water molecules
The polar head avoid water the nonpolar tails attract water
The polar heads interact with water the nonpolar tails do not
14
What is endocytosis
i dont know
the cell releases materials
the cell takes in materials by using small pockets in the cell membrane
15
What are protein molecules made of
Nucleotides
Amino acid chain
16
Chemical reactions happen that allow organisms to grow and develop. Organisms need to take in __ to fuel these reactions
matter
RNA
DNA
nucleotides
17
The place on enzyme called where a substrate goes into
DNA
LBR
Active site
Active place
18
When a cell moves against the concentration gradient it is called active transport
True
False
19
The smallest units in living things that are considered to be alive are organisms
True
False
20
Lipids whose fatty acids contain more than one double bond are said to be polyunsaturated
True
False
21
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
Osmotic pressure
Active transport
Pinocytosis
Osmosis
22
An unsaturated fatty acid has how many bonds
always one
always two
one or more
23
Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus
Ribosome
Golgi Apparatus
Vacuole
Mitochondrion
24
Aquaporins participate in facilitated diffusion
True
False
25
scientist proposes a hypothesis about how a newly discovered virus affects humans - other virus researchers would likely
change the hypothesis to fit their own findings
assume that the hypothesis is true for all viruses
reject the hypothesis right away
design new experiments to test the proposed hypothesis
26
What would happen to an enzyme if the temperature and pH change significantly beyond the enzymes optimum level
It becomes ugly
It can no longer work
It becomes denatured
27
Sucrase is an enzyme that breaks down what
sucrose
fats
protien
startch
28
All cells come from existing cells
True
False
29
What is the major goal of science
natural explanations for a events in the natural world + gaining knowledge
Provide natural explanations that don't happen in the world
Provide unnatural explanations for the natural world
Gaining knowledge
30
All forms of life are connected to each other in a biosphere which means a living planet
False
True
31
Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within court and named them "cells"
Anton can leeuwenhoek
Rudolf Virchow
Matthais Schleiden
Robert Hooke
32
what a the benefit of a scientist publishing their report in a peer-reviewed journal?
The reviewers will fix mistakes in the report's experiment
Other scientists will know that everything in the report is true
The quality of the report will meet high scientific standards
The report will be published more quickly in the Journal
33
The tertiary structure of the protein is the
You need three dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide
Organization of polypeptide chain into a coil or sheet
Order in which amino acids are joined in the polypeptide chains
34
Which type of microscope can produce three-dimensional images of a cell's surface
Scanning electron microscope
Simple light microscope
Transmission electron microscope
Compound light microscope
35
Biological membranes contain bilayers of which of the following lipids
Phospholipids
Saturated fatty acids
Unsaturated fatty acids
Triglycerides
36
Scientists usually believe ideas that are supported by evidence
False
True
37
The basic unit of mass in the metric system is
yards
grams
meters
38
Similar cells that perform a particular function is called tissue
True
False
39
Science is always changing and this never "done"
True
False
40
Are the four scientific attitudes
bias, interest, curiosity, and skepticism
curiosity, sass, open-mindedness, no intrest
curiosity, open-mindedness, creativity, and curiosity
curiosity, skepticism, open-mindedness, and intrest
41
What is a control
A group not exposed to the Independent variable
IDK
Exposed to the Independent variable
Exposed to the dependent variable
42
biologists who work in the fields of genomics and molecular biology study
the biosphere
DNA
diseases
trees
43
Which of the following things is NOT a way that unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis
growth
reproduction
cell specialization
response to the environment
44
what does it mean when something is hypertonic
have a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution
have a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution
45
what is a hypothesis
Explanation for a set of observations that needs to be tested
well tested explanation with many lines of evidence - tested many times
46
What is the name of the energy that a cell uses for active transport
RNA
ATP
DNA
ADP
47
What does it mean when an enzyme is denatured
It's shape changes
It's color changes
48
which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things
ability to reproduce
growth and development
ability to move
response to the environment
49
What are the pumps and channels in the cell membrane that help move materials from one side to another made of
Lipids
Bilipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
50
Scientists who have strong moral beliefs about what they study may show bias in the way they interpret their data
False
True
51
How many millimeters are in 2.4 cm
24,000
2,400
240,000
240
52
The dependent variable is what is measured
False
True
53
Lysosomes are the organelle that breakdown organelles that are no longer useful
True
False
54
what does a peer-reviewer do
Change data to support the results
Repeat the experiments in the article
check for mistakes and bias
55
What are for common metric units that are used to measure length
meters, yards, inches, millimeters
centimeters, meters, kilometers, feet
meters, kilometers, centimeters, millimeters
56
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus
Stores DNA
Builds proteins
Packages proteins
stores sugars
57
The Hypotheses to value it must be testable
False
True
58
How do you know if a cell is prokaryotic
The cell lacks a cell membrane
The seller lacks the nucleus
The cell lacks genetic material
The cell lacks cytoplasm
59
Chloroplast is only in animal cells (if false, only in what cells?)
True
False
60
Experiment only one variable is changed
open
constant
controlled
idk
61
Molecules tend to move from high to low concentration areas. This process is called
diffusion
osmosis
transport
62
The cells of unicellular organisms are able to
Specialize and perform different tasks
Carry out all of the functions necessary for life
Not respond to changes in their environment
63
Temperature and time is an example of an independent variable
True
False
64
Which of the following enclose their in a in a nucleus
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Bacteria
Viruses
65
A saturated fatty acid has how many bonds
single bond curve
No carbon-carbon double bonds and forms a straight chain
forms a curve chain and double bonds
double bond straight chain
66
the smallest unit considered to be alive are
fats
cells
organisms
67
What type of enzymes are produced by specialized cells in the pancreas and digestive tract
Neuron
Stomach
Digestive
Heart
68
What stores materials such as salt proteins and carbohydrates
Rough ER
Vacuole
Golgi Apperatus
69
What does an enzyme do to a substrate
break it down
change it
70
What component of amino acid structures variees among different amino acids
the long carbon-hydrogen tails of the molecule
the glycerol molecule that forms the backbone of the amino acid
the presence of a central C atom
the components of the R-group
71
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Triglycerides
Fatty acids
72
You are in charge of changing the independent variable
True
False
73
Active transport requires energy from the cell
False
True
74
how many meters are in 2.4 km
240,000 m
2,400 m
240 m
24,000 m
75
Buffers throw the pH level off balance
False
True
76
Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids
carboxyl and amino groups
hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
amino and sulfhydryl groups
carbonyl and amino groups
77
Nucleic acids are polyamorous formed of monomers called
Phosphate group
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Nucleotides
78
Which sequence correctly traces the path of the protein in the cell
Ribosome, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosome, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus
79
What does a control group do
Magic
Nothing
Provides less accurate data
Generates more accurate data from an experiment
80
Shape of an enzyme is not important to its function
False
True
81
PH, regulatory molecules, and temperature temperature can affect the rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions
False
True
82
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down what
Fat
Sucrose
Protein
Starch
83
What are the building blocks of protein
Fatty acids
Amino acids
Triglycerides
Monosaccharides
84
What is the constant
The dependent variable
the controlled variable
The independent variable
85
The 3000 g is equal to how many kilograms
300
3
30,000
0.03
86
Protease is an enzyme that breaks down what
Starch
Fat
Protein
sucrose
87
Which of the following is a the cytoskeleton
Surrounds the cell
Contains DNA
Helps a cell keep it shape
88
information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is called
hypotheses
data
variables
inferences
89
Why don't lipids mix with water
The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen bonds
They are less dense than water
The majority of their bonds are non-polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen bonds
90
What can turn an enzyme off
Inhibitor - Regulatory molecule
Fat
Proteins
91
This specific amino acid sequence of a protein is it's _____ structure
secondary
primary
quaternary
teritary
92
The cells in a multicellular organism have specific jobs, this is called
cell specialization
cell functions
jobs
93
Once equilibrium is reached, equal numbers of molecules move in either direction of across a semi permeable membrane
False
True
94
which of the following is NOT goal of science?
to explain events in the natural world
to establish a collection of unchanging truths
to investigate and underrstand the natural world
to use derived explanations to make useful predictions
95
Enzymes are biological _____ That's feet of chemical reactions in living organisms
Catalysts
Bubbles
Molecules
96
How will other scientists react to a cancer treatment that has not been peer-reviewed
They will be skeptical because the report was not peer-reviewed
Denounce the work and to collect a fraud
They will quickly start to use the new treatment on their patient
97
Which of the following is NOT a polymer
Glucose
Starch
Cellulose
DNA
98
And inference is something you assume based off of An observation
True
False
99
Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
Chloroplasts
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondrion
100
What happens if a substrate is not the correct shape for enzyme
It will change its own shape
It will not bond with enzyme
It will bond with that enzyme
