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Chapter 11 & 12 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 11 & 12 Review
Chapter 11 & 12 Review
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Biology #Mendel #inheritance #DNA #replication #transcription #translation
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What are the two sugars found in nucleic acids?
glucose
ribose
sucrose
deoxyribose
2
Which of the following scientists did not contribute to the discovery of DNA's structure?
Punnett
Griffith
Franklin
Chargaff
3
Principle that explains how combinations of traits appear in gametes.
Law of independent assortment
Law of thermodynamics
Law of complete dominance
Law of segregation
4
In which of the following molecules are anticodons found?
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
5
The F
1
generation individuals of Mendel's pea plant experiment were all different.
TRUE
FALSE
6
Skin color is an example of
polygenic inheritance
codominance
multifactorial trait
incomplete dominance
7
A particular location on a chromosome where a gene is located is called a
genotype
sister chromatid
locus
allele
8
Type of inheritance in which a heterozygote exhibits an intermediate phenotype.
polygenic inheritance
incomplete dominance
pleiotropy
codominance
9
Type of inheritance in which both alleles are fully expressed in the presence of the other.
pleiotropy
codominance
incomplete dominance
multifactorial trait
10
Makes up the subunits of ribosomes.
ribozymes
rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
11
Which of the following examples would be homozygous?
Pp
pp
P
PP
12
A type of inheritance where more than 2 alleles exist for a particular trait.
polygenic
multiple alleles
codominance
incomplete dominance
13
Where are proteins synthesized?
ribosomes
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
vesicle
14
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding DNA's double helix?
DNA primase
DNA helicase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
15
What is the last stage of translation?
termination
initiation
elongation
16
Which of the following examples is heterozygous?
P
PP
Pp
pp
17
The F
1
generation of Mendel's pea plant experiment were allowed to self-pollinate .
FALSE
TRUE
18
The first generation of offspring in Mendel's experiment were the
true-breeds
F1 generation
F2 generation
P generation
19
What is a monohybrid cross?
A cross of a single trait between hybrid organisms
A single cross between hybrids of different species
A cross where a hybrid organism self-pollinates
Many crosses of the same trait over many generations
20
Which scientist discovered that adenine pairs thymine, and guanine with cytosine?
Crick
Franklin
Chargaff
Watson
21
Why did Mendel choose to work with pea plants?
They can be cross-pollinated by hand
They're easy to cultivate
Their traits are easy to observe
He knew the structure of their DNA
22
Gregor Mendel developed a
particulate theory of inheritance
blending theory of inheritance
statistical law of DNA replication
hydrogen automobile
23
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the lengthening DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
DNA helicase
DNA primase
RNA polymerase
24
When Mendel carried out a dihybrid cross, he observed that the phenotypic ratio was
9:3:3:1
3:1
2:2:1
9:3
25
The F
1
generation of Mendel's pea plant experiment exhibited only the dominant traits.
TRUE
FALSE
26
What is a codon?
a coding unit made up of 3 amino acids
a coding unit made up of 3 anticodons
a noncoding unit
a coding unit made up of 3 nucleotides
27
Which nucleotide is found in RNA that is not found in DNA?
adenine
uracil
thymine
ribose
28
Which of the following process occurs first in gene expression?
translation
transcription
29
The F
2
generation of Mendel's pea plant experiment showed a
2:1 phenotypic ratio
3:1 genotypic ratio
1:1 phenotypic ratio
3:1 phenotypic ratio
30
In translation, during elongation, what are added to the newly formed polypeptide chain?
proteins
nucleotides
amino acids
codons
31
Gregor Mendel was a
PE teacher
very well known scientist during his time
monk and scientist
20th century mathematician
32
Takes a message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
microRNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
33
Which of the following are removed from mRNA before exiting the nucleus?
introns
exons
anticodons
promoter
34
Which of the following does not describe the structure of DNA?
2 nanometers wide
sugar-phosphate back bone
covalent bonds hold together complementary bases
antiparallel, double-stranded helix
35
Mendel was a successful scientist because
he carefully followed the scientific method
he was a teacher
he was educated by prestigious professors
he applied statistics and probability to his experiments
36
What is a true-breeding plant?
A plant that arose from many self-pollinated generations
A plant breed that can only live in Austria
A plant that is exactly the same as its parents
A plant that can only pollinate true-breed plants
37
Gregor Mendel developed
the structure of DNA
better ways to bread pea plants
two laws of inheritance
the scientific method
38
Transfers amino acids to the ribosomes.
snRNA
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
39
Which theory did Mendel disprove?
Blending theory of inheritance
Big bang
Natural selection
Particulate theory of inheritance
40
The region where DNA helicase opens up a DNA helix is called
replication bubble
lagging strand
Okazaki fragment
replication fork
41
The first set of plants that Mendel used in his experiments were the
F1 generation
true-breeds
P generation
F2 generation
42
The genetic make up of an individual is its
pattern of inheritance
phenotype
hybridization
genotype
43
An allele that codes for a protein that represents a loss of function is called
dominant
recessive
homozygous
heterozygous
44
Principle that explains how alleles separate during the formation of gametes.
Law of thermodynamics
Law of gamete formation
Law of segregation
Law of independent assortment.
45
For transcription to begin, the RNA polymerase binds to which region of DNA?
Terminator
Initiator
Noncoding region
Promoter
46
Alleles are alternative versions of a(n)
inheritance pattern
chromosome
locus
gene
47
Which of the following RNAs is/are synthesized in the nucleus?
mRNA
rRNA
microRNA
tRNA
48
An organism's physical appearance would be referred to as its
hybridization
dominant alleles
genotype
phenotype
49
DNA replication occurs during
Mitosis
G1 and G2 phases
S phase
Cytokinesis
