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AP Psych Final Review Semester 1 Fall 2021 Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psych Final Review Semester 1 Fall 2021
AP Psych Final Review Semester 1 Fall 2021
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1
Which of the following is true of a neuron in the resting state?
The concentration of sodium ions are equal inside and out
the neuron is not polarized
Inside is positive compared to the outside
Inside is negative compared to the outside
2
Why do experiments include a control?
Everything has to be controlled.
Experiments cannot be conducted outside.
It is the dependent variable.
It is needed as a comparison.
3
Which is a term for a variable outside the study that can affect the results of a study
Control variable
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Confounding variable
4
Which of the following research methods is being used to measure brain waves while we sleep?
CT
PET
MRI
EEG
5
According to Noam Chomsky, understanding a sentence involves which of the following transformations of structure?
Simple to complex
Pragmatic to syntactic
Symbolic to analytic
Surface to deep
6
Negative afterimages are explained by
Trichromatic theory
Lack of adaptation
Dichromatic color perception
Opponent processing theory
7
The characteristics of savant syndrome have supported
Sternberg's triarchic intelligence
Goleman's emotional intelligence
Spearman's general intelligence
Gardner's multiple intelligences
8
You decide to ask a woman for directions because you think she will be kind. What method of problem solving is used
Divergent thinking
Availability heuristic
Algorithm
Representativeness heuristic
9
An experiment that yields consistent results is considered
Confounding
Standardized
Reliable
Valid
10
Spatial orientation appears to be a function of the brain’s ________, while speech production is located in ________.
Frontal lobe; occiptial lobe
Right hemisphere; left hemisphere
Left hemisphere; right hemisphere
Temporal lobe; parietal lobe
11
Why did Ebbinghaus struggle to learn new nonsense syllables as research progressed?
Proactive interference
Source amnesia
Spacing effect
Retroactive interference
12
Eleanor Gibson and her colleagues used the visual cliff to measure an infant’s ability to perceive
Depth
Patterns
Shape constancy
Animal sounds
13
Content Validity refers to an experiment
Measuring what it says it is supposed to
Obtaining the same score if it is run again
Covering all parts of a topic
Being used to determine outcomes
14
Anthony can pick out a trumpet over the other instruments in the band. Which Gestalt principal explains this?
Proximity
Closure
Continuity
Figure and ground
15
Food tastes better when it smells good. This best describes
Sensory processing
Sensory interaction
Sensory adaptation
Sensory overload
16
Which of the following play the biggest role in our feeling dizzy and unbalanced after a thrilling roller coaster ride?
Middle ear
Semicircular canals
Auditory canal
Cochlea
17
The storyline of a dream is referred to as
Memory consolidation
subliminal content
mainfest content
latent content
18
Operational definitions are important for
Replication
Establishing causation
Validity
Establishing correlation
19
If sodium gates are open and positive ions are flowing into the cell, the membrane is ___ and the cell is ___
Depolarizing; firing an action potential
Depolarizing; at rest
Polarized; in a refractory period
Polarized; firing an action potential
20
People listening to rock music played backward often perceive an evil message if specifically told what to listen for is
bottom-up processing
perceptual constancy
perceptual adaptation
top-down processing
21
What is practical intelligence?
Ability to read people "street smarts"
Analyzing everything in a organized way
Reacting to situations using divergent thinking
Generating ideas that are novel, useful, and original
22
Feature detectors are located in
The cornea
The optic nerve
The retina
The occipital lobe
23
One day, you were on your phone more than paying attention. You get all those questions wrong on the test This is due to
retroactive interference
proactive inteference
encoding failure
retrieval failure
24
Correlation does not imply…
Slope
Effect
Relationship
Causation
25
You laugh more at a video after someone has told you it is funny, even if you did not think it was. This demonstrates
Context-dependent memory
Bottom-up processing
Intattentional blindness
Perceptual set
26
Nightmares are to ________ as night terrors are to ________.
REM; NREM-1
NREM-2; NREM-3
REM; NREM-3
NREM-3; REM
27
A child who wears a patch to protect a cornea scratch will not be able to use which depth cue?
Interposition
Linear perspective
Texture gradient
Retinal disparity
28
Which of the following questions would make someone most susceptible to the misinformation effect?
How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?
What can you tell me about what you saw?
How fast were the cars going when the accident occurred?
Were there other people around who witnessed the accident?
29
The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in
reading a textbook
digesting food
experiencing pain
sensing painful stimuli
30
Predictive Validity is
Obtaining the same score if the experiment is run again
The ability to determine future outcomes from the data
Covering all parts of a topic being tested
Measuring what it says it is supposed to
31
Damage to the basilar membrane is likely to result in
Sensorineural hearing loss
Conduction hearing loss
Mixed hearing loss
Loss of balance
32
Which of the following best illustrates Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve?
Forgetting much of a language, but remembering some years later
Forgetting who told you a story
Assimilating to a new culture and forgetting old customs
Massed vs. distributed practice
33
Taking a painkiller to relieve a toothache is behavior learned through which of the following processes?
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
34
Which of the following studies demonstrates a cross-sectional research design?
Testing first graders at the end of the school year
Testing 1st, 3rd, and 5th graders at the beginning of the school year
Testing the 1st graders, and testing them again when they are in 3rd grade
Observing first graders as they interact with either 3rd or 5th graders
35
What kind of correlation is this?
No correlation
Weak positive correlation
Strong positive correlation
Strong negative correlation
36
What is crystallized intelligence?
Knowledge of crystals
Knowing that you are old
Use of accumulated knowledge
Ability to solve abstract problems
37
This scatter plot has a correlation coefficient of:
+1
-1
+0.5
-0.5
38
Transferring messages from a motor neuron to a leg muscle requires the neurotransmitter known as
Norepinephrine
Glutamate
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
39
What results from damage to the middle ear?
Loss of balance
Sensorineural hearing loss
Mixed hearing loss
Conduction hearing loss
40
The ability to understand the directions on an assignment depends most on
Functional fixedness
Bottom-up processing
Top-down processing
Lateral processing
41
Debate over whether development occurs gradually, without discernible shifts, or through a series of distinct stages is
maturation vs. learning
continuity vs. discontinuity
cross-sectional vs. longitudinal
nature vs. nurture
42
Someone with a severed corpus callosum that sees a ball in their LEFT visual field cannot:
Choose a ball from among several objects with their right hand
Spell out “BALL” with letter magnets with their right hand
Correctly say they saw a ball
Make a throwing motion with their right hand
43
The hidden meaning of a dream is
mainfest content
hypnagogic hallucinations
latent content
repression
44
The father of psychology is......
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
E.B. Titchener
B.F. Skinner
45
In studying the behavior of 5 year olds in freeplay situations, a cognitive psychologist would be most interested in
number of toys
problem solving strategies
cooperative behavior
prosocial play activities
46
Spearman believed we all have one underlying intelligence called
creative intelligence
social intelligence
g-factor
factor analysis
47
After eating bad sushi, Carly will not eat it. Others can eat it around her, but she will not. What explains this?
Biological predisopositions
Latent learning
Insight learning
Negative punishment
48
In classical conditioning, stimulus generalization occurs when an organism responds
with different types of responses to the UCS
to stimuli similar to the UCS
to stimuli similar to the CS
with different types of responses to the NS
49
What part of a neuron can be compared to the structural support and insulation of a home?
Myelin Sheath
Axon
Soma
Neurotransmitters
50
Reinforcement
decreases frequency of behavior
relies on automatic responses
increases and decreases frequency of behavior
increases frequency of behavior
51
Genie was a child with a unique condition. Which research method was used to understand her condition?
Survey
Case study
Experimentation
Correlation
52
What is an antagonist?
Blocks neurotransmitter
Mimics neurotransmitter
Opens receptor sites
Covering on a neuron to speed impulse
53
A set of procedures that explain how a variable is measured is
An independent variable
A case study
An Operational definition
Informed consent
54
All of the following are APA ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:
Participants must be informed of potential risks
Offering alternate activities if research participation is course required
Participation must be voluntary
Research may not involve deception
55
Neurons located in the muscles and glands are __. Neurons located in the brain and spinal cord are __.
Astrocytes; interneurons
Efferent neurons; interneurons
Afferent neurons; sensory neurons
Interneurons; motor neurons
