EXAM 2

Why do cercopithecine primates have cheek pouches?

Evolutionary traits due to a shared ancestor are:

When the possession of a trait actually indicates good health/genes, this is called:

If a trait changes gradually, it is ___. If it can only jump from 1 category to the next (be either or), then its ____.

Long periods of stasis, jumps are

Injuries suffered before the time of death are considered

Genetic changes that increase an individual’s chance at survival & reproduction

__________ is a factor which influences the clinal distribution of blood type around the world

The distribution of a trait across geological space is a...

How is extinction relevant to the evolution of species?

Evidence linking early American settlers to the North Asian population examines

Long histories of association with dairy cattle points to

Ring-tailed lemurs are found in

Short term evolutionary change: changes in allele frequency from one generation to the next is ____

Traits that evolve independently in different creatures & have nothing to do with shared heritage are:

CONCEPTS: A group of interbreeding natural populations reproductively isolated from other such groups is the _____

Who are the only truly carnivorous primates?

The most heavily pigmented species are found nearest to the equator is

What does Mutation do to variation both within & between populations?

_____ is “human driven” selection

The colder the climate, the shorter the limbs (to mimimize heat loss) is in accordance with

Frequency dependent balanced polymorphism maintains variation by keeping every allele at a low frequency (%)

What does GENE FLOW say about variation within & between populations?

A Change in allele frequency across time, due to chance & chance alone (chance passing on of particular alleles is):

Long term evolutionary change: Biological evolution over many generations & the origin of higher taxonomic categories is

Both species derived from the same ancestor, but diversify into separate species:

Short term changes in physiology in response to new environmental conditions

Most prosimians are

Where are mountain gorillas located?

Populations with adjacent ranges separated by environmental gradient

Who is more likely to survive malaria?

What is the one true synapomorphy of primates

What is a tarsier considered in taxonomy?

How does "Stabalizing Selection" work?

CONCEPTS: Evolutionary lineages w/their own unique identity, where species are based on morphological differences

The introduction of genes into a new population via movement of humans or animals to a new place due to migration is ___

Which is the last bone in the body to fuse?

When a single species undergoes gradual change and transforms over time this is called

What do we call the pairing of female preferance with a male trait?

CONCEPTS: Defines species by unique traits or behaviors that allow species to identify each other for mating

Exactly above what frequency should alleles be to be considered polymorphic?

What does Natural Selection do to variation both within & between populations?

Shared ancestral traits, shared only by members of a taxonomic group, inherited from a distant ancestor

_____ pushes for greater or lesser frequency of a given trait in a population

Do you LOVE anthropology!?

Two characteristics forensic anthropologists use to differentiate male from female pevises

Gene flow keeps a population genetically diverse, and maintains boundaries between species.

An organism’s ability to make positive anatomical changes after exposure to stressful conditions

What is the formula for Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? (HWE)

Nocturnal insectivores, eyes on front of the head, insect hunting, they are predators that hunt at night

Different sets of species sometimes have similar solutions to same environmental challenges (converge on same anatomy)

Branching evolution involving the splitting of species that results in an increase in species #’s over time, is _______

To biologists, subspecies means

Someone with a cephalic index of 100 has a rounder/more narrow head than someone with a cephalic index of 150.

Polyandry is an extremely rare social system(multi male, multi female)Who lives in this system?

A Phylogeny is:

________decreases in age, while ________increase(s) with age.

Shared derived traits, found in last common ancestor; shared by all descendents

Same original form→initial divergence (although still very similar)→similar econiches→ similar phenotypes:

What are the 5 assumptions of the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium?

Which species of ape is monogamous?

Feeding in terminal branches, feeding on flowering plants, feeding on insects, & they're nocturnal

Are tongue rolling and tongue folding examples of continuous or discrete (discontinuous) traits?

________ is when a subset of a larger population carries a subset of the population’s alleles.

In which joint can we examine wear patterns to determine the estimated age of a deceased person

Which body has been dead the longest?

Have: 3D vision/ good sense of smell, forward facing eyes, precise depth perception, specialized hands & feet

A study of _____ revealed African and European populations have genetically mixed in the U.S.

Female Selection is always adaptive.

A population increases after a reduction. This results in a subset of alleles. What is the term for this ?

What does GENETIC DRIFT say about variation within small populations & between populations?

Monkeys with prehensile tails are found in

Production of a new species through the splitting of existing ones due to a geographic barrier

Populations that differ by one or more phenotypic traits are known as

CONCEPTS: A set of organisms exploiting/adapted to a niche, where selection against hybrid maintains species boundaries

The larger mammal loses heat slower than smaller mammal; the linearly shaped mammal loses heat quicker than nonlinear