AP Government Vocabulary Review

A primary election in which each voter may vote for candidates from both parties.

Increase in the votes congressional candidates get when they first run for re-election

Appointed civil servant control of government, without consulting the public.

Restricted to lobbying efforts involving direct contacts with members of Congress

Penalties for those who deprive others of equal enjoyment of places of accommodation.

A few top leaders, drawn from major sectors, will make all important decisions.

Harming another by publishing defamatory statements

Electoral system in which the winner gets the most votes, even if it is not a majority;

Argued the latent causes of faction are sown in the nature of man

Political authority conferred by law or by state or national constitution.

Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office.

Powers given to the national government alone.

Allows 1 company to own up to 8 radio stations in large markets and an unlimited # nationally

A traditional pejorative name for the United States Senate

Proposal to create a strong national government.

Legislation that gave 18-year-olds the right to vote in all U.S. elections

Argues the main effect of federalism since the Civil War has been to perpetuate racism.

One is liberal on economic issues, conservative on personal conduct issues

British legislation to punish officials who divulge private government business

Funds obtained by political parties spent on party activities, such as get-out-the-vote drives

Landmark case which the Court first found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution.

Address the issue of federal civil service employees taking part in political campaigns

Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot.

Process by which background traits influence one's political views.

Supreme Court judges classifications based on race:  compelling public purpose.

Proposal to create a weak national government.

Wide-ranging civil rights law that prohibits, discrimination based on disability

Committees appointed for a limited time period and pupose

Congress can't require local law officials to make criminal background checks for handguns

An unsigned and typically brief court opinion

Gender discrimination violates the Equal Protection clause of the 14th amendment/reasonableness

A Supreme Court formula to legitimate the abridgment of the right of free speech.

Case in which the Supreme Court decided to apply the exclusionary rule to state and local law.

A group with a distinct political interest.

Document signed by 100 members of Congress complaining of "abuse of judicial power".

Powers shared by the national and state governments.

A SC decision embodying the principle of implied powers of the national government

Those who avoid elections and civic organizations but contact officials about specific problems

U.S. legislation guaranteeing citizens access to certain government documents

A Supreme Court decision upholding state enforced racial segregation

An alliance of factions

Refers to a flow of power and responsibility from the states to local governments

The First Amendment clause prohibiting official religion

Resolution used for settling housekeeping and procedural matters that affect both houses

Presidential staff organization where presidential assistants report directly to the president

A way that Senators can extend debate on a bill in order to prevent or delay it consideration

Commerce clause allows Congress to criminalize marijuana regardless of state laws.

Sense of satisfaction derived from serving a cause from which one does not benefit personally

Republican party faction of the 1890s -1910s composed of reformers who opposed patronage

Powers given to the state governments alone.

Law requiring state gvrnmnts to allow voter registration when applying for a drivers license

The power of a government to effect laws that promote citizens' health, safety, and morals.

A law that declares a person, without trial, to be guilty of a crime.

The process whereby the Supreme Court applies provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states

A 1940 Act criminalizing the advocacy of violent revolution

View that the government is dominated by capitalists.

The belief that competition among all affected interests shapes public policy.

Method of selecting from a population where each person has an equal chance of being selected.

Document signed by over 100 members of congress complaining of "abuse of judicial power

A system in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government.

Committee to resolve differences in the House and Senate versions of a piece of legislation

A primary  where voters may choose in which party to vote as they enter the polling place

Those who favor  a weaker national government.

Money given by the national government to the states.

A Federalist bill of 1789 criminalizing criticism of government

Legislation that barred the use of federal funds for nearly any abortion 

A court standard for finding the media guilty of libeling officials

Resolution that is essentially the same as a law and used to propose Constitutional Amendments

Constitutional theory the national and state governments each have defined areas of authority.

A name for party professionals as opposed to volunteers

Organization which prepares the federal budget for central clearance of legislative propossals

Doctrine espoused by Calhoun that states could hold certain national policies invalid.

Information leaked to the media to test public reaction to a possible policy

A 1950 Act requiring the registration of all communists

1787 rebellion where Revolutionary veterans attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms.

A legal distinction that the Supreme Court scrutinized especially closely

A weak constitution that governed America during and immediately after the Revolutionary War.

Segregation that exists but that was not created by law.

Document signed by over 100 members of congress complaining of "abuse of judicial power

An interest group whose efforts significantly benefit nonmembers.

Researcher who found differences in political opinion associated with occupation in the 1950s

Litigation in which a citizen of one state sues a citizen of another state (over $50,000)

Explanation of congressional voting emphasizing personal ideology and party identification

Terms set by the natnl gvrnmnt that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants.

Presidential staff organization where presidential assistants report  through a hierarchy.

Segregation that is created by law.

Supreme Court case stating that a college may not use a numerical quota in admitting minorities

Method of presidential staff organization with task forces, committees, and informal groups.

Historian who argued the Founders were motivated by the economic advantage of their class.

A Senate rule offering a means for stopping a filibuster

Agencies that perform staff services for the president but are not part of the White House

The rule of precedent