Genetics

How many of the 46 chromosome are known as sex chromosomes?

Chromosome 21 and 22 are the smallest human auto-aimed

Both alleles contribute- not a blending SPOTTED

Females have 2 copies of large X (XX) and males have one copy of X and Y chromosomes(XY)

What number pair of chromosome is k own as the sex chromosome?

Some alleles are neither dominant or recessive

Dominant allele is the observed trait and recessive alleles are when the trait disappears

An error in meiosis when homologous chromosomes fail to separate, can cause abnormal numbers of chromosomes and disorder

X and Y chromosomes determine sex, genes located on them are said to be sex linked genes

Gregor Mendel was the main studier of genes

The gene combination- the genetic makeup

On a pedigree circles are

Branch of biology that studies heredity

In true breeding the thing that self pollinate they make thing identical to themselves

What number chromosomes are called autosomal chromosomes?

Duchess muscular dystrophy, melanoma, color blindness, and hemophilia are examples of what

Chemical factors that determine traits

Which chromosome contains 43 million DNA bases

Can’t have kids

Trisomy 21 involves 3 copies of chromosome 21 child will have physical and mental delays and disabilities

Males are XXY and have feminine characteristics/ 50% chance of being sterile

Passing in characteristics from parents to offspring

When thing are able to self pollinate

Alleles are not completely dominant over another -arc. Cross red and white flower get pink, MIXING PAINT

On a pedigree a square/ circle with all white no color is

Three human genes associated with color vision are located on the X chromosome

Turner’s syndrome, female inherits only 1 X women are sterile klienfelters syndrome males are XXY feminine, 50%of steril

Life begins with haploid sperm carrying 23 chromosomes and fertilizes haploid egg/ result is zygote with 46 chromosomes

On a pedigree squares are

Many genes have multiple alleles

Can have kids

There are are only recessive genes

He called the offspring the F1 or the first filial generation( Filius is Latin for son)

Gene combination that might result from genetic cross can be determined

Law of independent assortment states that genes for different traits are inherited independently of eachother

Make part of flower

Mitosis make 2/ 46 chromosome daughter cell identical and/ meiosis makes 4/ 23 chromosome non identical daughter cells

Different forms of genes. Ex. Tall or short alleles

Female part of flower

Each adult has 2 copies of each gene- one from each other

Reginald punnett was in 1905

Female has only 1 X/ sex chromosome disorder

Where are many sex linked genes found

On a pedigree half shade in squares/circles are

There are only dominant alleles and no recessive ones

Which chromosome contains 32 million bases

When 2 alleles for the same trait are different- Ex. Tt

What plant did Gregor Mendel work with because they self pollinated

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

First person to predict how traits are transferred from one generation to the next

When 2 alleles for the same trait are the same - Ex. TT or tt

Sex cells

On a pedigree awfully colored in square/ circle is

Mendel called the original pair of of plants P (parental) generation

Leukemia and neurofibromatosis are found on chromosome 22 and Lou Gehrig disease is found on chromosome 21

In reproduction the _____ fertilizes the _____

Specific characteristics such as color, varies from one organism to another

Genes are passed from parents to offspring

Set of photographs of chromosomes grouped in order of pairs

Capital letters are dominant and lower case letter are recessive

The way an organism looks - it’s physical appearance

Traits controlled by 2 or more genes -Ex skin color in humans

Separation of alleles when gametes form. 2 alleles for each trait separate when gametes formed parent passes randomallel

Likelihood that a particular event will happen

Our complete set of genetic information, includes tens of thousands of genes