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Term 1 Review 21-22 Flashcards | StudBud
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Term 1 Review 21-22
Term 1 Review 21-22
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Term 1 Test Review #Biology #evolution #darwin #species
Flashcards
47 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
An ecosystem is...
all environments on Earth that support life
each unique form of life
all the living and non-living things in an area
the array of organisms in an area
2
According to this phylogeny, which of the following are most closely related?
chicken and flycatcher
peacock and zebra finch
turkey and duck
flycatcher and zebra finch
3
Which of the following about a controlled experiment is true?
Only one variable is tested at a time
Only experiments that will become a theory are controlled
Scientist always use controlled experiments
All the variables must be kept the same
4
Which pair of organisms are most closely related?
Australopithecus afarensis and Australopithecus africanus
Acanthurus coeruleus and Paracanthurus hepatus
Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla
Australopithecus africanus and Anopheles africanus
5
He proposed the idea that an individual's traits change in response to the environment.
Alfred Wallace
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Gregor Mendel
Charles Darwin
6
The specialized leaves that store water in desert plants is an example of a(n)
adaptation
acquired trait
selective pressure
allele
7
What two kingdoms are prokaryotes found in?
Protista and Archaea
Archaea and Bacteria
Bacteria and Eubacteria
Plantae and Animalia
8
What is the volume of this graduated cylinder?
35.5 mL
35.9 mL
35.1 mL
36.5 mL
9
According to this phylogeny, when did the speciation event that led to chickens, peacocks, and turkeys occur?
33mya
42mya
37mya
80mya
10
For organisms to produce fertile offspring they must...
Share a kingdom
Share all taxa including species
Share an order
Share a genus but not a species
11
How does bacterial resistance to antibiotics occur?
antibiotics cause mutations in the bacteria that improve fitness
random mutations that produce resistance promote survival and reproduction
bacteria try to change in order to survive
bacteria get accustomed to antibiotics in the environment
12
What is the science of classifying organisms and assigning them a universal name?
taxonomy
toxicology
taxidermy
taxicology
13
Which of the following is true of variation?
all of the answer choices are correct
it is the raw material for natural selection
it exists in almost all populations
it is produced by mutations of DNA
14
According to this cladogram, which animal(s) have the ear structure trait?
spectacled bear, sun bear, & brown bear
dog, racoon, red panda & giant panda
spectacled bear, giant panda, red panda, racoon & dog
giant panda & red panda
15
The flightless wings of an ostrich are examples of
homologous structures
vestigial structures
none of these
embryological structures
16
This multicellular organism has specialized tissues and cells with chloroplasts
plant
archea
fungi
animal
17
Which term describes the collection of genes available in an interbreeding population (species)?
gene pool
phylogeny
phenotypes
DNA
18
Which of the following is NOT
evidence
of evolution?
homologous body structures
DNA sequences
cladograms
embryology
19
A speciation events occur when...
populations stay together
populations can still produce fertile offspring
populations evolve to look different
populations become too genetically different to interbreed
20
A structure that is shared between two species and present in a common ancestor is a
analogous structure
chemical structure
homologous structure
all of these
21
Identify the following type of selection:
Bell-curve
Stabilizing
Disruptive
Directional
22
Which kingdom includes eukaryotic, unicellular autotrophs?
Animalia
Plantae
Archaea
Protista
23
Embryology shows us that...
They do not support common ancestry
Everything once had gills
similarities in early development show evidence of common ancestry
We all develop the same way and develop the same things
24
There should only be
one
_______ in an experiment.
dependent variable
hypothesis
control
independent variable
25
If two
different
species are compatible enough to produce offspring, the offspring is called...
hybrid
double breed
joint species
half species
26
The process of natural selection causes change over time. What is changing over time?
the inherited traits of a population
the acquired traits of a population
the inherited traits of individuals
the acquired traits of individuals
27
Which of these taxon lists is in the correct order (most to fewest organisms):
Phylum, Class, Family, Order
Phylum, Order, Class, Family
Class, Order, Family, Genus
Family, Class, Order, Genus
28
One species of skunk breeds in the fall and another breeds in the spring. Which type of reproductive isolation is this?
hybrid sterility
temporal
behavioral
ecological
29
Who first created an evidence based explanation for how evolution works?
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Charles Darwin
Alexander Fleming
J. Craig Ventner
30
This multicellular organism has complex organ systems and ingests its food
animal
fungi
bacteria
plant
31
Which of the following has cell walls made of chitin?
animals
plants
fungi
bacteria
32
The ability of an organism to produce its own food is called
consumerism
autotrophy
productivity
heterotrophy
33
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell
except
ribosomes
cell membrane
DNA
a nucleus
34
Sweating and shivering are examples of which characteristic of life?
reproduction
adapting and evolving over time
growth
maintaining homeostasis
35
If two DNA sequences have more similarities it means that...
they cannot be the same species
you cannot tell relatedness from DNA
two organisms are not closely related
two organisms are more closely related
36
Antlers require a lot of energy to grow, but male deer with small antlers have trouble fighting off rival males. This is
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
directional selection
abiotic
37
Lamark's theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics:
presumes that changes that occur to organisms during life are heritable.
all of the above.
is no longer valid.
is not supported by modern day knowledge of genetics.
38
Kindergarteners of different heights were given the same maze and timed to complete it . What's the independent variable
Difficulty of maze
Height of students
Day and time they completed the maze
Time to complete maze
39
An increase in the average beak size in a finch population due to drought is an example of what type of selection?
directional
bell curve
disruptive
stabilizing
40
In the hierarchy of life, which of the following is the NEXT
smallest
level of organization after CELL?
Atom
Organelle
Molecular DNA
Organ system
41
According to this phylogeny, which animal is more closely related to the chicken?
Peacock
Flycatcher
Duck
Turkey
42
According to this cladogram, with which animal do rabbits share a more recent common ancestor?
crocodiles
birds
amphibians
primates
43
Which of the following is a true statement about evolution?
Individuals evolve, but populations do not.
Populations evolve, but individuals do not.
Populations evolve quicker than individuals.
individuals evolve by changing the gene pool.
44
What are two similar structures that evolved separately?
vestigial structures
homologous structures
analagous structures
coevolution
45
In what kingdom do you find heterotrophic (absorption), mostly multicellular, eukaryotes?
animalia
protista
fungi
plantae
46
An organism's relative biological fitness is measured by
the number of mates the organism has
the number of offspring the organism produces
how healthy the organism is
how well the organism fits into its environment
47
You hear two kinds of frogs in a pond croaking using different sounds. What kind of reproductive isolation is this?
hybrid sterility
behavioral
ecological
temporal
