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Foundations of Modern Information Processing Section 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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Foundations of Modern Information Processing Section 1
Tera (scale factors- frequencies)
Giga (scale factors- frequencies)
Foundations of Modern Information Processing Section 1
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1
Giga (scale factors- frequencies)
KB KHz 1,000
TB PHz 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
MB MHz 1,000,000 million
GB GHz 1,000,000,000 billion
2
Tera (scale factors- frequencies)
KB KHz 1,000
GB GHz 1,000,000,000 billion
MB MHz 1,000,000 million
TB PHz 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
3
Processors circuits are made from a large # of tiny electric components __
wire
gold and metal
transistors
logic switches
4
What is making the computer so hot?
using energy creates energy and creates a little extra heat
increased transistors/chips, clockrate, power.
using energy creates energy and creates lots of heat!!
increased transistors/chips, power.
5
Tera (scale factors- quantities)
KB 1,000
MB 1,000,000 million
TB 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
GB 1,000,000,000 billion
6
a switch has two values:
true, false
up down
on true
1, 0
7
Giga (scale factors- quantities)
KB 1,000
TB 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
MB 1,000,000 million
GB 1,000,000,000 billion
8
What is good about transistors?
switches are transistors
can switch state at high speeds
transistors are fast
computers r collections of switches that implement boolean
9
Mega (scale factors- frequencies)
TB PHz 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
GB GHz 1,000,000,000 billion
KB KHz 1,000
MB MHz 1,000,000 million
10
Peta (scale factors- quantities)
YB 10^24 septillion
ZB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 sextillion
EB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 quintillion
PB 1,000,000,000,000,000 quadrillion
11
Of the 16 Critical sectors which has the one sector that is
most
important
Chemical, Commercial facilities, Communications, Dams
Energy, Information Technology, Healthcare and Public Health
Food and agriculture, Government facilities, Nuclear reactor
Critical manufacturing industries, Defense industrial base
12
dense wave division multiplexing (DWDM)
commercial systems can multiplex to 96 channels
commercial systems can multiplex to 92 channels
80 channels is typical, can deliver 8000 Gbit/sec= 8Tbit/sec
80 channels is typical, can deliver 10000Gbit/sec= 6Tbit/sec
13
processor
they have more pwr, but might not B faster for a 1 program.
4core will run cooler than a 1 core,
multicore chip - has more than one chip
core also known as= cores are identical
14
demultiplexer separates several light streams into separate light streams
output is bit stream
fiber optic data flow
transponder converts light streams to bit streams
input is light streams
15
A protected physical space which contains critical assets. Network, processors, software. Conc.
hub data center
corporate office
call center
data center
16
What is the operation of Moore's Law
on average. since '71 chip density has doubled - until 2013
on average since '71 chip density has tripled - until 2013
on average. since '71 chip density has doubled - until 2017
on average. since '71 chip density has doubled - until 2015
17
Power, machine, software, network failure, attacks by bad guys, mother nature. R concerns of:
Government
management
Information Assurance & Security
IT
18
What is HDD
Magnetic hard disk drive
moving parts
mature technology
HDD
19
Milli (scale factors- time measurement)
ns 10^-9 or 0.000000001 billionths
ps 10^-12 or 0.000000000001 trillionths
ms 10^-3 or 0.001 thousandths
us 10^-6 or 0.000001 millionths or microns
20
How do you fix the processor problem from overheating or excess heat.
kid brother breathing on computer and window fan.
fans, circulating liquid
window fan pointed at computer
fans, circulating liquid, or removing components
21
Long term CPU trends according to Moore's law
performance increases ,energy eff. and price decreases
performance and energy eff. decreases, and price increases
performance and energy eff. increases, and price decreases
performance and energy eff. increases, and price decreases
22
Why should people & companies be concerned about system attacks?
Huge increase in attacks against systems that incorp. IT.
Protecting systems & their contents is a major issue of 21st
Not all people will be harmed.
Hackers are smart.
23
What is economic espionage? (2 answers)
steal trade secrets/intellectual property & gain advantage
steal secrets/intellectual property& weaken country
Spying against a U.S. company by a foreigner
Spying between 2 U.S. companies
24
Measures that protect and defend info. and info. systems by ensuring. to restore include:
protest, detest, resist
detection, protection, and patch
protection, detection, and reaction capabilities
protect, detect, and react
25
What is IA & S?
Information Assurance & Seniors
Information Assured & Security
Informed Accident & Security
Information Assurance & Security
26
Zeta (scale factors- quantities)
ZB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 sextillion
EB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 quintillion
YB 10^24 septillion
PB 1,000,000,000,000,000 quadrillion
27
The processor clock rate is controlled by an electronic clock. Which statements are true?
how fast the clock ticks is known as the clock rate.
The time outside two consecutive pulses is a cycle.
Transistors do not switch state during cycle time
if clock rate=1GHz, then clock sends 10^9 pulses/sec
28
What does a network do? pick two
wireless
communication
wired
data transfer
29
Kilo (scale factors- frequencies)
TB PHz 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
KB KHz 1,000
MB MHz 1,000,000 million
GB GHz 1,000,000,000 billion
30
Mega (scale factors- quantities)
KB 1,000
MB 1,000,000 million
GB 1,000,000,000 billion
TB 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
31
Laws of physics. Heat, manufacturing feasibility, Economics. These are limiting factors of:
Ohm's Law
Newton's laws of motion
Newtons Law of Motion
Moore's Law
32
What do the bad guys hope to accomplish?
Military advantage
Emotional satisfaction: fame, retribution, demo philosophy
Political advantage
Economic gain
33
How big is a transistor today?
Intel 4004 is 10,000,00nm
We are approaching the size of an atom.
Pretty damn small
Intel 8088 is 3,000,000 nm
34
Analog 1G to Digital 2G&simple data to Broadband 3G to Faster and Better 4GLTE
Fiber optics
Copper
Wireless technology
5G cellular technology
35
What is industrial espionage? (2 answers)
steal secrets/intellectual property& weaken country
Spying between 2 U.S. companies
Spying against a U.S. company by a foreigner
steal trade secrets/intellectual property & gain advantage
36
Exa (scale factors- quantities)
YB 10^24 septillion
EB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 quintillion
PB 1,000,000,000,000,000 quadrillion
ZB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 sextillion
37
multiple strands bundled into one cable. 1 is microns diam. Supports mult streams of data
Copper
Fiber optics
5G cellular technology
Wireless technology
38
Two types of connection are? pick two
data transfer
wireless; cellular or wi-fi
wired; fiber or copper cable
communication
39
Nano (scale factors- time measurement)
ns 10^-9 or 0.000000001 billionths
ms 10^-3 or 0.001 thousandths
us 10^-6 or 0.000001 millionths or microns
ps 10^-12 or 0.000000000001 trillionths
40
data is rep and trans as series of electrons. This method is slower than its lt. counter point
Wireless technology
5G cellular technology
Fiber optics
Copper
41
Kilo (scale factors- quantities)
GB 1,000,000,000 billion
KB 1,000
TB 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
MB 1,000,000 million
42
Micro (scale factors- time measurement)
us 10^-6 or 0.000001 millionths or microns
ns 10^-9 or 0.000000001 billionths
ms 10^-3 or 0.001 thousandths
ps 10^-12 or 0.000000000001 trillionths
43
What is the output if multiple input streams
output is led or laser light wave
input is bit stream
multiple light waves, each different colors
light waves are kept sep bc each is a diff wavelength
44
Who predicted Moore's law?
cost will decrease
1965 original prediction
Gordon Moore
# of transistors will double every 2 years changed in 1975
45
Component of computing system that executes instructions that control overall operations of it
user
operating system
processor
software
46
There are 16 Critical sectors. Name a few of them.
Chemical, Commercial facilities, Communications, Dams
Critical manufacturing industries, Defense industrial base
Food and agriculture, Government facilities, Nuclear reactor
Energy, Information Technology, Healthcare and Public Health
47
Pico (scale factors- spactial measurement)
mm 10^-3 or 0.001 thousandths
um 10^-6 or 0.000001 millionths or microns
nm 10^-9 or 0.000000001 billionths
pm 10^-12 or 0.000000000001 trillionths
48
_ _ a two valued system of algebra that is the foundation for the design of computing circuits
Boolean logic
Boolean
Logic
Booleun logic
49
What is SSD? Storage
Solid Start Data
Not as mature as HDD
Solid state drive
No moving parts. (transistors)
50
Yota (scale factors- quantities)
EB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 quintillion
PB 1,000,000,000,000,000 quadrillion
YB 10^24 septillion
ZB 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 sextillion
