Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching about permethrin for scabies?

Apply to clean, dry skin from neck down

Which of the following is true about functional incontinence?

It occurs due to physical or cognitive impairment

What is the priority teaching for a patient taking metronidazole (Flagyl)?

Avoid alcohol during and 48 hours after therapy

What PPE is required for caring for a patient with C. difficile?

Gown, mask and gloves, soap and water for hand hygiene

A client with BPH reports dizziness after taking tamsulosin. What is the nurse’s priority action?

Instruct the client to rise slowly

Which are signs of dumping syndrome? (Select all that apply)

Tachycardia, Dizziness, Hypotension, Sweating

A nurse educator is teaching student nurses how to prevent recurrence of MRSA. Which statement indicates understanding?

I will shower immediately after work.

Which is a classic sign of a duodenal ulcer?

Epigastric pain relieved by eating

Which intervention is most important for a patient with cellulitis?

Administer prescribed antibiotics

A nurse is educating a patient with polycystic kidney disease. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?

“I will increase my sodium intake to manage symptoms.”

Which action should the nurse take after a patient undergoes an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?

Monitor for return of gag reflex

A patient with GERD is prescribed calcium carbonate. What instruction should be included?

Chew thoroughly and follow with water

A nurse is teaching about diverticulitis management during the acute phase. Which statement indicates understanding?

I will start a clear liquid diet.

Which of the following are appropriate dietary instructions for a patient with GERD? (SATA)

Eat a low-fat high-fiber diet, Avoid eating 2–3 hours before bed, Eat 4–6 small meals daily, Limit coffee and sodas

What discharge teaching should be included for a patient recovering from acute hepatitis A?

“Handwashing is the most effective prevention method.”

What is the best position for a post-appendectomy patient who had a ruptured appendix?

Semi-Fowler’s with knees flexed

A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected GERD. Which would the nurse report to the provider immediately?

Hoarseness that has worsened over the last month

A nurse is caring for a client with dumping syndrome. What intervention is appropriate?

Encourage small frequent meals low in carbohydrates

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NUR 170 Medical/ Surgical Nursing Exam 4

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Galen College of Nursing NUR 170 Med/Surg Exam 4 practice

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Questions 80

Answers

1
A client presents with peritonitis. What assessment finding requires immediate action?
Soft, round abdomen
Nausea and vomiting
Hypoactive bowel sounds
Rebound tenderness
2
What is the purpose of allopurinol in kidney stone management?
Stimulate diuresis
Decrease uric acid levels
Reduce urinary calcium
Prevent oxalate stones
3
A patient with pressure ulcers should avoid which of the following?
Frequent turning
Donut-shaped cushions
Moisturizing dry skin
Braden scale assessment
4
Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching about permethrin for scabies?
Apply only to affected areas
Rinse off immediately
Do not rinse the skin
Apply to clean, dry skin from neck down
5
A patient with peritonitis becomes confused and hypotensive. What complication is suspected?
Renal failure
Septic shock
Dehydration
Paralytic ileus
6
Which is NOT an indication of skin cancer?
Dark, uneven color
Even borders
Rapid growth
Oozing and scaling
7
What action should a nurse take first if a patient’s urinary catheter becomes obstructed post-TURP?
Remove the catheter
Notify the surgeon
Irrigate with normal saline
Increase IV fluids
8
A patient with polycystic kidney disease reports sudden severe flank pain and hematuria. What is the likely cause?
Appendicitis
Ruptured cyst
Bladder tumor
Urinary tract infection
9
What is the main purpose of sucralfate (Carafate) in peptic ulcer disease?
Coat and protect ulcers
Neutralize stomach acid
Eliminate H. pylori
Stimulate gastric motility
10
Which lab value would indicate a complication of ulcerative colitis?
WBC 15,000
Potassium 4.2 mEq/L
Hemoglobin 15 g/dL
Platelets 210,000
11
The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic kidney disease. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
Dry skin
Proteinuria
Nocturia
Confusion and bradycardia
12
Which of the following is true about functional incontinence?
It always requires catheterization
It occurs due to physical or cognitive impairment
It is related to stress and sneezing
It is caused by decreased bladder capacity
13
The nurse is reviewing medications for a patient with a UTI. Which medication may cause orange urine?
Sulfamethoxazole
Acetaminophen
Ciprofloxacin
Phenazopyridine
14
What is the priority teaching for a patient taking metronidazole (Flagyl)?
Increase potassium-rich foods
Take on an empty stomach
Avoid alcohol during and 48 hours after therapy
Take with dairy to avoid GI upset
15
A nurse is preparing to insert a Foley catheter in a patient with suspected urethral trauma. What should be done first?
Contact the provider
Apply pressure to the urethra
Insert the catheter gently
Cleanse the area
16
Which finding in a patient with glomerulonephritis is most concerning?
Blood pressure 148/88 mmHg
Hematuria
Periorbital edema
Urine output 200 mL in 8 hours
17
What PPE is required for caring for a patient with C. difficile?
N95 respirator and alchohol sanitizer
Gloves and surgical mask
Mask and eye shield
Gown, mask and gloves, soap and water for hand hygiene
18
Which food should be avoided in a patient with calcium oxalate kidney stones?
Milk
Rice
Bananas
Spinach
19
Which teaching should be included for a patient with urolithiasis?
Take NSAIDs on an empty stomach
Stay on bed rest until pain resolves
Strain all urine
Limit fluid intake to 1 L/day
20
A client with BPH reports dizziness after taking tamsulosin. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Hold the medication
Assess for bleeding
Notify the provider
Instruct the client to rise slowly
21
Which are signs of dumping syndrome? (Select all that apply)
Tachycardia
Elevated blood sugar
Dizziness
Hypotension
Sweating
22
A nurse educator is teaching student nurses how to prevent recurrence of MRSA. Which statement indicates understanding?
I will use alcohol-based sanitizer only
I’ll wear the same scrubs all week.
I don’t need to clean my stethoscope.
I will shower immediately after work.
23
A patient with ulcerative colitis is experiencing bloody diarrhea, fever, and ABD pain. What complication is suspected?
GERD
Toxic megacolon
Celiac disease
Duodenal ulcer
24
Which is a classic sign of a duodenal ulcer?
Pain is constant throughout the day
Weight gain
Pain worsens with food
Epigastric pain relieved by eating
25
Which lab value indicates possible AKI from IV contrast?
BUN 10 mg/dL
Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL
GFR 60 mL/min
Creatinine 2.1 mg/dL
26
A nurse assesses a patient with suspected UTI. Which finding is most indicative of pyelonephritis?
Hematuria
Suprapubic pain
Flank pain and fever
Urinary frequency
27
Which of the following conditions increases a patient’s risk for hiatal hernia?
Obesity
Chronic anemia
Bradycardia
Hypotension
28
Which intervention is most important for a patient with cellulitis?
Administer prescribed antibiotics
Apply cool packs
Scrub affected area vigorously
Encourage dry brushing
29
A nurse is educating a patient with polycystic kidney disease. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
“I’ll notify my provider if my urine smells foul.”
I’ll avoid contact sports.”
“I’ll monitor my blood pressure daily.”
“I will increase my sodium intake to manage symptoms.”
30
Which finding should the nurse expect in a patient with chronic pyelonephritis?
Nocturia
Elevated hemoglobin
Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia
31
Which dietary instruction should be given to prevent uric acid kidney stones?
Eat more strawberries
Increase spinach intake
Reduce organ meat consumption
Drink less than 1L of water daily
32
Which action should the nurse take after a patient undergoes an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?
Place the patient in a supine position
Encourage the patient to drink fluids immediately
Monitor for return of gag reflex
Administer a clear liquid diet right away
33
Which finding suggests anemia in a patient with CKD?
Fever and chills
Bradycardia
Fatigue and pallor
Cyanosis
34
A patient with GERD is prescribed calcium carbonate. What instruction should be included?
Take 30 minutes before meals
Lie flat after taking
Take with caffeinated beverages
Chew thoroughly and follow with water
35
What finding indicates worsening of BPH?
Strong odor in urine
Decreased frequency
Increased urinary stream
Post-void dribbling
36
A nurse is teaching about diverticulitis management during the acute phase. Which statement indicates understanding?
I will eat a high-fiber diet.
I can take NSAIDs as needed.
I will start a clear liquid diet.
I’ll avoid dairy products.
37
Which of the following are appropriate dietary instructions for a patient with GERD? (SATA)
Consume spicy foods to increase GI motility
Eat a low-fat high-fiber diet
Avoid eating 2–3 hours before bed
Eat quickly to reduce symptoms
Eat 4–6 small meals daily
Limit coffee and sodas
38
What is the first sign of peritonitis in older adults?
High fever
Bradycardia
Rebound tenderness
Confusion
39
Which assessment finding is MOST concerning in a patient with hepatic abscess?
RUQ pain
Clay-colored stools
Jaundice with confusion
Night sweats and fever
40
What symptom differentiates cystitis from pyelonephritis?
Burning with urination
Frequency
Flank pain
Hematuria
41
A nurse is educating a patient about wound healing. What stage involves collagen formation and scar development?
Maturation
Proliferative
Debridement
Inflammatory
42
What discharge teaching should be included for a patient recovering from acute hepatitis A?
“You don’t need to rest unless you feel tired.”
“You can resume sexual activity immediately.”
“Handwashing is the most effective prevention method.”
“There’s no need to avoid alcohol after recovery.”
43
A nurse is caring for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease. Which sign indicates potential GI bleeding?
Constipation and vomiting
Hematuria and pale skin
Hypotension and melena
Bradycardia and warm skin
44
What is the best position for a post-appendectomy patient who had a ruptured appendix?
Semi-Fowler’s with knees flexed
Prone with knees elevated
Supine with legs extended
High-Fowler’s with legs flat
45
A patient with a new ileostomy reports the stoma is moist and pink. How should the nurse respond?
“Call the provider immediately.”
“That’s a sign of infection.”
“It should be purple in color.”
“The stoma is healthy.”
46
A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected GERD. Which would the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Chronic dry cough at night
Dental erosion
Hoarseness that has worsened over the last month
Heartburn after eating
47
A nurse is caring for a client with dumping syndrome. What intervention is appropriate?
Encourage fluid intake during meals
Sit upright for 15-30 minutes after meals
Recommend high-carb meals
Encourage small frequent meals low in carbohydrates
48
What assessment finding is most concerning in a patient with acute pancreatitis?
Cullen’s sign
Nausea and vomiting
Epigastric pain radiating to the back
Low-grade fever
49
A nurse is educating a patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which of the following should be included?
Limit fluid intake to reduce diarrhea
Use NSAIDs as needed for pain
Increase fiber to 30-40g daily
Avoid keeping a food diary
50
The nurse understands that patients with Crohn’s disease are at high risk for which complication?
GERD
Cirrhosis
Fistula formation
Pancreatitis
51
A patient presents with signs of peritonitis. Which position promotes the best respiratory expansion and drainage?
High-Fowler's
Prone
Supine with legs elevated
Side-lying
52
Which dietary modification is recommended for a patient with uric acid kidney stones?
Increase citrus intake
High-oxalate diet
Reduce intake of shellfish and red meat
High-protein diet
53
Which food should be avoided during the recovery phase of diverticulitis?
Cooked carrots
Corn on the cob
Scrambled eggs
White rice
54
A patient presents with cellulitis. Which assessment requires immediate intervention?
Tenderness at site
Red streaks tracking proximally
Swelling and warmth
Low-grade fever
55
A nurse is reviewing skin cancer prevention with a patient. Which statement requires correction?
I’ll wear sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher.
I’ll avoid sun between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m.
I’ll go tanning only for special occasions.
I should examine my skin monthly.
56
Which medication should the nurse question for a client with a history of gastric ulcers?
Ibuprofen
Sucralfate
Omeprazole
Famotidine
57
Which sign is most concerning in a patient with scabies?
Severe itching at night
Secondary skin infection
Rash on wrists and elbows
Red linear burrows
58
A nurse is teaching about hepatitis B transmission. Which statement indicates understanding?
There’s no vaccine for it.
Sexual contact is a mode of transmission.
It’s spread through contaminated food.
I can share razors with family.
59
What is the first nursing action when noticing a pressure ulcer has advanced to stage 3?
Contact the wound care team
Apply dry sterile dressing
Document the finding
Use antibiotic ointment
60
Which of the following are signs of glomerulonephritis? (SATA)
Proteinuria
Cola-colored urine
Crackles in lungs
Facial edema
61
A nurse is caring for a patient with acute glomerulonephritis. Which assessment requires immediate intervention?
Crackles in lungs
Cola-colored urine
Periorbital edema
Mild proteinuria
62
A patient is diagnosed with scabies. Which symptom is most characteristic?
Itchy patches with linear burrows
Petechiae
Bullae
Vesicular rash
63
A nurse is teaching about psoriasis. Which statement is correct?
“There is a permanent cure.”
“It’s caused by poor hygiene.”
“There is a permanent cure.”
“UV light may improve symptoms.”
64
A patient with suspected urolithiasis is experiencing severe flank pain. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Encourage oral fluids
Collect a 24-hour urine sample
Monitor weight daily
Administer opioids as prescribed
65
Which assessment finding is most concerning in a patient with appendicitis?
Nausea
Low-grade fever
Sudden relief of pain
RLQ pain
66
A patient with a colostomy has moist peristomal skin with erythema and irritation. What should the nurse do first?
Apply barrier powder and resecure the appliance
Remove the pouching system for 12 hours
Notify the provider
Apply ice to the area
67
Which laboratory result would the nurse expect in a patient with diverticulitis?
Elevated amylase
Elevated WBC
Decreased WBC
Low BUN
68
A nurse is teaching about preventing pressure ulcers. Which statement is incorrect?
“I should massage reddened skin areas.”
“I’ll turn every 2 hours.”
“I’ll inspect skin daily.”
“I’ll use a pressure-relieving mattress.”
69
A patient with suspected toxic megacolon has severe abdominal pain and a distended abdomen. What’s the priority action?
Notify the provider
Apply a heating pad
Administer laxatives
Ambulate the patient
70
Which intervention reduces skin dryness in elderly patients?
Wear tight, warm clothes
Use hot water for bathing
Use humidifier and moisturizers
Bathe daily with antibacterial soap
71
Which action is most appropriate to prevent MRSA transmission?
Wear a surgical mask at all times
Share equipment between patients
Use alcohol-based sanitizer only
Use contact precautions and dedicated equipment
72
The nurse notes a new stoma is dark purple. What action should be taken?
Irrigate with warm saline
Document the finding as expected
Notify the provider immediately
Apply stoma powder
73
Which PPE is required for a patient with suspected tuberculosis?
N95 respirator
Gown and gloves only
Face shield
Surgical mask
74
Which lab value suggests a urinary tract infection?
WBCs in urine
Urine pH 5.0
Urine specific gravity 1.005
Negative nitrites
75
Which of the following are expected findings in a patient with cholecystitis? (SATA)
RUQ pain
JVD
Pain after high-fat meals
Clay-colored stools
76
Which discharge teaching should be included for a patient with herpes zoster (shingles)?
“There is no risk to immunocompromised individuals.”
“Avoid sun exposure to prevent recurrence.”
“You are contagious until the rash crusts over.”
“You should not take antivirals.”
77
The nurse is caring for a patient who just had a TURP. Which finding is most concerning?
Burgundy-colored urine and clots
Mild bladder spasms
Pink-tinged urine
Urge to void
78
A nurse is teaching a patient with CKD how to prevent complications. Which statement is most concerning?
“I’ll avoid foods high in potassium.”
“I’ll take all my magnesium supplements.”
“I’ll report nausea and vomiting.”
“I’ll monitor my weight daily.”
79
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with chronic kidney disease?
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypomagnesmia
Hypernatremia
80
What is a major risk factor for cholecystitis?
Low-fat diet
Male gender
Obesity
Renal failure

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