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Biology 204 Semester 1 Exam 2017-2018 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology 204 Semester 1 Exam 2017-2018
Biology 204 Semester 1 Exam 2017-2018
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First Semester Final Exam Review Chapters 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
If an organisms diploid number is 18, its haploid number is
2
9
36
18
2
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
ATP and oxygen
high-energy sugars and starches
oxygen
oxygen and high-energy sugars and starches
3
When salt dissolves in water, water is the
solute
reactant
solvent
solution
4
When the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds, it gets ATP by carrying out
alcoholic fermentation
cellular respiration
lactic acid fermentation
glycolysis
5
What is NOT a function of the nucleus?
controls most of the cell's processes
makes proteins
stores DNA
contains information needed to make proteins
6
A theory
is the opening statement of an experiment
may be changed or replaced
is always true
is a problem to be solved
7
Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
in the thylakoid membranes
in the mitochondria
only in chlorophyll molecules
in the stroma
8
Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
active transport
9
Gene maps are based on
the number of genes in a cell
independent assortment
the frequencies of crossing over between genes
genetic diversity
10
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
stroma
chlorophyll molecules
photosystems
thylakoid membranes
11
Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of
recharging the electron transport chain
restarting glycolysis
repaying an oxygen debt
making more citric acid
12
The three particles that make up atoms are
neutrons, isotopes and electrons
protons, neutrons and isotopes
positives, negatives and neutrals
protons, neutrons and electrons
13
Why is the metric measurement system easier to use than the English system?
metric system is used by everyone in the world
metric units are smaller than English units
metric system is based on multiples of 10
metric units are easier to measure than English units
14
What is NOT produced by the light dependent reactions
ATP
sugar
NADPH
oxygen
15
Gametes have
homologous chromosomes
twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells
two sets of chromosomes
one allele for each gene
16
Proteins are made of which molecules?
fatty acids
monosaccharides
nucleic acids
amino acids
17
DNA and RNA are two types of
nucleic acids
lipids
carbohydrates
proteins
18
A substance composed of only one type of atom is called a(n)
molecule
cell
element
compound
19
The products of photosynthesis are the
reactants of fermentation
products of glycolysis
reactants of cellular respiration
products of cellular respiration
20
Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
mitochondria and chloroplasts
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
21
Why were all offspring tall when Mendel crossed tall plants with short plants?
the allele for tall is recessive
the allele for tall is dominant
the allele for short is dominant
they were true breeding like their parents
22
In eukaryotic cells, the
timing
of the cell cycle is regulated by
the spindle
cyclins
the centrioles
p53
23
Biology is the study of
the environment
animals and plants only
the living world
land, water and air on Earth
24
Glycolysis requires
NADP+
hours to produce many ATP molecules
oxygen
an energy input
25
Electron microscopes can reveal details
only in specimens that are still alive
about the different colors of cell structures
of cell structures only once they are stained
1000 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes
26
Which property or properties of water causes the curved surface in a graduated cylinder?
cohesion and adhesion
polarity and pH
pH
heat capacity
27
What is the term for the substances that are changed in a chemical reaction?
reactants
products
enzymes
catalysts
28
A Punnett square shows all the following EXCEPT
the genotypes of the offspring
the alleles in the gametes of each parent
the actual results of a genetic cross
all possible results of a genetic cross
29
Which is a function of the cell membrane?
regulates what goes in and out of the cell
store water, salt, proteins and carbohydrates
break down lipids, carbohydrates and proteins from food
keeps the cell wall in place
30
An animal cell surrounded by fresh water will burst because osmotic pressure causes
water to move into the cell
solutes to move into the cell
water to move out of the cell
solutes to move out of the cell
31
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
size
surface area
growth rate
spindle fibers
32
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
2N daughter cells
diploid cells
haploid cells
body cells
33
A personal preference or point of view is
a theory
a hypothesis
an inference
a bias
34
Which are the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from simplest to most complex?
tissue, organ, organ system
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
cell, tissue, organ system
35
Which process results in cells becoming specialized?
apoptosis
interphase
differentiation
cytokinesis
36
As a cell becomes larger, its
surface area increases but volume stays the same
surface area increases faster than its volume
volume increases faster than its surface area
volume increases, but surface area stays the same
37
Linked genes
are always recessive
assort independently
are on the same chromosome
are never separated
38
Which is a possible future benefit of stem cell research?
generating embryos from nonliving tissue
reversing damage from a heart attack
increasing a person's intelligence quotient
developing a vaccine for cancer
39
Which are prokaryotes?
protists
animals
plants
bacteria
40
Why is water a polar molecule?
it has a charge
it contains two hydrogen atoms for each oxygen atom
parts of the molecule have slightly different charges
it does not have a charge
41
Which term refers to cells having different jobs in an organism?
levels of organization
unicellular
multicellular
cell specialization
42
The principle of dominance states that
all alleles are dominant
all alleles are recessive
some alleles are dominant and others recessive
alleles are neither dominant nor recessive
43
What is the starting molecule for glycolysis?
ADP
glucose
pyruvic acid
citric acid
44
Scientist makes hypothesis about how virus affects humans, what would other researchers do?
design new experiments to test the proposed hypothesis
reject hypothesis right away
change hypothesis to fit their own findings
assume the hypothesis is true for all viruses
45
What is NOT
used
in the overall reactions of photosynthesis?
water
sunlight
sugar
carbon dioxide
46
What does NOT affect the rate of photosynthesis?
temperature
water
light intensity
wind
47
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
reflects violet light
absorbs violet light
reflects green light
absorbs green light
48
Which is NOT a function of proteins?
control the rate of reactions and control cell processes
help fight disease
build tissues like bone and muscle
store and transmit genetic information
49
Which is NOT a problem that growth causes for cells?
excess oxygen
obtaining enough food
expelling wastes
DNA overload
50
How do organisms get the energy they need?
taking oxygen into lungs and combining it w/ carbon dioxide
breaking down food slowly and capturing chemical energy
burning food and releasing the energy as heat
using the sun's energy to break down food and form chemicals
51
The gas given off by a plant in bright sunlight at 27
o
C is probably
vaporized water
oxygen
carbon dioxide
ATP
52
Which is a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle?
the M phase is usually the longest phase
interphase consists of the G1, S and G2 phases
DNA replicates during cytokinesis
little happens during the G1 and G2 phases
53
Fats, oils and cholesterol are all types of
hormones
lipids
cell membranes
fatty acids
54
Which is NOT a source of energy during exercise?
alcoholic fermentation
stored ATP
lactic acid fermentation
cellular respiration
55
If you stir salt into boiling water, you produce a
mixture called a suspension
solution and suspension
mixture only
mixture called a solution
56
The cell theory applies to
plants and animals
multicellular organisms
bacteria
all living things
57
The two main types of fermentation are called
alcoholic and lactic acid
aerobic and anaerobic
lactic acid and anaerobic
alcoholic and aerobic
58
In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by
alcoholic fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
Krebs cycle
photosynthesis
59
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
ribosome
chloroplast
60
Based on what you have seen, you say that water could speed p the growth of bread mold. This is
a conclusion
an experiment
an analysis
a hypothesis
61
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that
sexual
reproduction
produces identical offspring
provides genetic diversity
requires more time
takes less time
62
A cross of a black chicken and a white chicken produce speckled chickens
codominance
polygenic inheritance
multiple alleles
incomplete dominance
63
Eukaryotes usually contain
genetic material
all of these are in eukaryotes
a nucleus
specialized organelles
64
What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
ions
neutrons
electrons
protons
65
Which of these shows a good controlled experiment to test where bacteria grows better?
grow 5 plates in the dark and 5 plates in the light
grow 10 plates in the light with extra water
grow 10 plates in the dark
grow 10 plates in the light
66
What makes up a molecule of water?
one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine
one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
67
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
facilitated diffusion
osmotic pressure
active transport
osmosis
68
Diffusion is movement of molecules from
high concentration to low concentration
low concentration to high concentration
equilibrium to high concentration
equilibrium to low concentration
69
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
metaphase
cell division
mitosis
interphase
70
Cellular respiration is aerobic because it requires
light
exercise
oxygen
glucose
71
Why are stem cells important?
They have the potential to develop into other cell types
They have the potential to undergo cell division
They are incapable of becoming cancer cells
They have specialized DNA
72
How does studying science help you be a better member of society?
Knowing how science works helps you make better decisions
Knowing science will help you live w/o the aid of technology
Learning biases of science helps you know right and wrong
Memorizing facts will help you become more intelligent
73
A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to
produce cells without a defective p53 gene
generate hormones that combat tumors
stop dividing to produce daughter cells
stop responding to growth regulators
74
Mendel's principles of genetics apply to
animals only
plants only
all organisms
pea plants only
75
During normal mitosis, a cell with 8 chromosomes will produce 2 cells, each with
8 chromosomes
4 chromosomes
2 chromosomes
16 chromosomes
76
A scientific hypothesis
can be tested by experiments or observations
is a proven fact with much evidence to support it
does not have to be tested to be accepted as true
can be based on personal beliefs or opinions
77
Hypotheses may arise from
logical inferences
informed creative imagination
knowledge, imagination and inferences
prior knowledge
78
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
animal cells only
all eukaryotic cells
all but plant cells
plant cells only
79
Which of the following assort independently?
genes on the same chromosome
codominant alleles
chromosomes
multiple allels
80
After cell division, each daughter cell
has a lower surface area/volume ratio than the parent cell
has a higher surface area/volume ratio than the parent cell
has more DNA in its nucleus than the parent cell
has less DNA in its nucleus than the parent cell
81
Energy is released from ATP when
adenine bonds to ribose
ATP is exposed to sunlight
a phosphate group is added
a phosphate group is removed
82
Variation in human skin color is an example of
incomplete dominance
polygenic traits
codominance
multiple alleles
83
Which of the following is NOT a goal of science?
to explain events in the natural world
to use derived explanations to make useful predictions
to establish a collection of unchanging truths
to investigate and understand the natural world
84
The cells of multicellular organisms are
not dependent on one another
smaller than those of unicellular organisms
simpler than those of unicellular organisms
specialized to perform different tasks
85
Diffusion occurs because
molecules never move or collide with each other
concentration of a solution is always the same throughout
concentration of a solution is never the same throughout
molecules constantly move and collide with each other
86
How are cellular respiration (CR) and photosynthesis (PS) almost opposite processes?
PS removes oxygen from air and CR puts it back
PS releases water and CR takes in water
PS removes carbon dioxide from air and CR puts it back
PS releases energy, CR stores energy
87
What is released during cellular respiration?
energy
air
oxygen
lactic acid
88
Plants take in energy by absorbing
high energy sugars
sunlight
chlorophyll b
chlorophyll a
89
Which is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
all living things are made of cells
all cells are produced by existing cells
very few cells reproduce
cells are the basic units of life
90
What is a substance formed by the chemical joining of two or more elements in definite amounts?
nucleus
isotope
compound
enzyme
91
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
sharing an electron pair
transferring protons
transferring electrons
sharing a proton pair
92
When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is equal, molecules will
move across the membrane to the inside of the cell
move across the membrane in both directions
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell
stop moving across the membrane
93
How do scientific theories compare to hypotheses?
hypotheses are the dominant view among scientists
theories unify a broad range of observations and hypotheses
theories are the same as hypotheses
hypotheses combine ideas of many theories to explain events
94
One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is plant cells have
chromatin
a cell plate
centrioles
centromeres
95
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only during interphase
only during cell division
only during the G1 phase
only when they are being replicated
96
Gametes are produced by the process of
replication
meiosis
crossing over
mitosis
97
When Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F1 plants inherited
an allele for tallness from each parent
an allele from only the tall parent
tall allele from tall parent, short allele from short parent
an allele for shortness from each parent
98
Why is carbon so special compared to other elements?
It can bond to more C and form many different structures
Only C atoms can form covalent bonds with O and H
It has 4 extra electrons and can form quadruple bonds
Only C atoms can be dissolved in solutions & suspensions
99
The process how organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
evolution
respiration
homeostasis
photosynthesis
100
Which type of carbon compound includes sugars and starches?
proteins
unsaturated fatty acids
phospholipids
carbohydrates
101
If you looked at a cell with a microscope, how would you know if it was a prokaryote?
the cell lacks genetic material
the cell lacks cytoplasm
the cell lacks a nucleus
the cell lacks a cell membrane
102
What advance in technology made the discovery of cells possible?
ultraviolet light
centrifuge
microscope
particle accelerator
103
When one allele is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene
incomplete dominance
polygenic inheritance
multiple genes
multiple alleles
104
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must get energy from the food they eat are called
thylakoids
pigments
autotrophs
heterotrophs
105
What is produced by the Calvin cycle?
ATP
oxygen gas
high-energy sugars
carbon dioxide gas
106
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
pigments
heterotrophs
thylakoids
autotrophs
107
How does society help science advance?
society bias steers scientists toward studying certain ideas
society raises questions that science can help answer
society makes technology that can be used in science
society's morals help scientists make good decisions
108
Mendel concluded that traits are
inherited by passing of factors from parents to offspring
determined by recessive factors only
determined by dominant factors only
not inherited by offspring
109
If carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant's environment, what would happen?
carbon dioxide does not affect the production of sugar
no sugars will be produced
more sugars will be produced
the same amount of sugar will be produced w/o carbon dioxide
110
Mendel used pea plants to study
gamete formation
cross-pollination
the inheritance of traits
flowering
