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Ch 10, 11, 12
What is PKU?
Critical values are also called
Ch 10, 11, 12
74 terms
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1
Critical values are also called
Panic values
Unstable values
At risk values
Alarm values
2
What is PKU?
A contagious condition caused by a lack of phenylalanine
An acquired condition caused by a lack of phenylalanine’s
A hereditary inability to metabolize phenylalanine
A thyroid hormone
3
Which of the following specimens are least likely to require special handling?
Cholesterol and uric acid
Gaston and lactic acid
Hemocysteine and renin
Bilirubin and serum folate
4
A hemoglobin A1C test is preformed to monitor the effectiveness of therapy in which of the following conditions?
Acidosis
Renal failure
Inflammation
Diabetes
5
A specimen would most likely be accepted for testing despite which of the following problems
No phlebotomist initials
Expires evacuated tube
Quantity not sufficient
Incomplete identification
6
Which of the following specimens needs to be chilled?
Cold agglutination
Ammonia
Serum protein
Bilirubin
7
Capillary punctures that are deeper than recommenced are more painful because pain fibers increase in abundance below
1.5 mm
2.4 mm
.5 mm
1.2 mm
8
What type of specimens must be processed before routine specimens
All of the above
ASAP
Timed
STAT
9
An autologous blood is transfusion of blood
Directly directly from donor to patient
Given by an anonymous donor
Donated by a compatible relative
Donated by patient for patient
10
Which of these is a source of preanalytical error that occurs before specimen collection?
Misidentified patient
Mislabeled specimen
Dehydrated patient
Wrong collection time
11
Which one of the following statements about autologous donations is NOT true
Using the patients own blood eliminates many risks
Patients must have a written order from their physician
Unused autologous units may be used by other patients
Blood can be collected up to 72 hours before surgery
12
Which of the following collection circumstances is LEAST likely to result in delayed clotting of a serum sample
Specimen is chilled soon after being collected
Collection was difficult, hemolyzing red cells
Patient has an elevated white blood cell count
Patient is taking an anticoagulant medication
13
A 2 hour postprandial specimen should be drawn
2 hours after the patient finishes eating a meal
2 hours after they arrive
2 hours before they eat
2 hours before they arrive
14
A noninvasive transcutaneous method is available to measure
Neonatal bilirubin
C-reactive protein
Infant lead levels
Glycosylated Hgb
15
A pneumatic tube is a
Tube connection between two computers
Pressurized air transportation system
Type of collection tube for blood gases
Temporary computer data storage unit
16
Use of one of the newer technologies, RFID, is emerging in healthcare as a
Mnemonic for strong disinfectant
Test code for chemistry analyzers
Method of specimen identification
Computer program for interfacing
17
Which of the following is a preferred capillary puncture site?
Little finger
Earlobe
Thumb
Middle finger
18
What is the purpose of warming the site before skin puncture?
It minimizes hemolysis of the specimen
It is comforting to the patient
It increases blood flow up to seven times
Makes veins more visible
19
A capillary puncture should be done rather than a venipuncture in all of the following situations EXCEPT:
The tube uses very little blood
A light blue top tube is needed
A child is less than 1
The patient has difficult veins
20
Which of the following is the safest area for infant heel puncture?
The lateral plantar surface
The central area
The area of the arch
The posterior curvature
21
According to CLSI, the maximum time limit for separating serum or plasma from cells is
1.0 hour from the time of collection
15 minutes from the time of collection
30 minutes from the time of collection
2.0 hours from the time of collection
22
Which of the following tests could be collected using a tube other than a trace element free tube
Zinc
Lead
Copper
Sodium
23
The purpose of wiping away the first drop of blood during skin puncture is to
Minimize platelet aggregation
Avoid bacterial contamination
Reduce hemoconcentration effects
Eliminate tissue fluid contamination
24
A test sample that is not recommended to be sent in a pneumatic tube is
Alkaline phosphate
Total bilirubin
Serum potassium
Blood creatinine
25
It is necessary to control depth of lancet insertion during capillary puncture to avoid
Puncturing an artery
Excessive bleeding
Bacterial contamination
Injuring the heel bone
26
For which condition is a unit of blood being withdrawn from a patient as treatment?
Hemochromatosis
Acute leukemia
Autologous donation
Rh incompatibility
27
Of the following tests which is most likely to result in fatal consequences if the patient is misidentified?
Type and cross match
Postprandial glucose
Drug screen
Blood cultures
28
Which of the following activities is least likely to take place in central processing or triage
Evaluation for suitability
Analysis and reporting
Accessioning or logging
Sorting by department
29
ARD or FAN blood culture bottles
Eliminate vital interference from blood cells
Treat blood borne pathogens in the circulation
Detect problems in carbohydrate metabolism
Remove any antibiotics that are in the blood
30
Applications software called middleware
Accepts data downloaded from POC instruments
Is considered temporary or secondary storage
Controls user requested computer operation
Is the computer equipment used to process data
31
To prevent introducing a contaminating substance in a trace element collection tube, it is suggested that the phlebotomi
Draw it by itself by using a syringe or evacuates tube system
Collect the trace element tube last in the order of draw
Use a syringe and transfer blood into the royal blue top tube last
32
Which of the following is the best way to prepare routine blood specimen tubes for transportation to an offsite lab
Wipe each tube with alcohol
Wrap the tubes in the requisitions
Seal the tubes in plastic bags
Place tubes in icey slurry
33
The most critical aspect of blood culture collection is
Skin antisepsis
The amount of specimen
Specimen handling
The needle gauge
34
When collecting a blood culture specimen directly from a butterfly into blood culture bottles, which should be filled 1s
Neither
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Either
35
Why are capillary blood gases less desirable than arterial blood gases (ABGs)?
All of the above
The blood is exposed to air during collection
Skin puncture blood contains tissue fluid
Skin puncture blood is only partially arterial
36
Which of the following would NOT be considered a preanalytical error?
Misreporting patient results
Failing to mix an additive tube
Mislabeling an aliquot tube
Using the wrong order of draw
37
Capillary puncture is the preferred method of obtaining blood from infants because
Venipuncture in infants may damage veins
Capillary blood is preferred for some tests
All of the above
Removing tubes of blood can lead to anemia
38
Capillary puncture blood most closely resembles
Tissue fluid
Arterial blood
Intercellular blood
Venous blood
39
Which statement describes proper centrifuge operation?
Centrifuge serum specimens before they start to form noticing clots
Never centrifuge both serum and plasma specimens in the same centrifuge
Place tubes of equal size and volume opposite one another for balance
40
What does the term calcaneus mean?
Osteomyelitis
Contains calcium
Bone infection
Heel bone
41
The definition of toxicology is
A protocol for drug trafficking
The study scientific of poisons
The study of drug therapy levels
The tracking of illicit drug trade
42
Why should a laboratory report form indicate the fact that a specimen has been collected by capillary puncture?
So that the subsequent specimens will be collected by skin puncture also
Because test results can vary depending on method of collection
So that the patients nurse can check the site for signs of infection
To satisfy liability insurance requirements
43
A barcode is a
Unique number given to each feat request for ID purposes
Coded instruction needed to control computer hardware
Confidential computer code required by HIPAA
Series of bars and spaces representing numbers of layers
44
Transporting blood specimens with the stopper up has nothing to do with
Minimizing stopper-caused aerosols
Encouraging complete clot formation
Reducing agitation-caused hemolysis
Maintaining the sterility or sample
45
What is the recommended disinfectant for blood culture sites in infants 2 months and older
Chlorhexidine gluconate
Providone-iodine swab
Isopropyl alcohol swab
Benzalkonium chloride
46
What causes a microhematocrit tube to fill with blood
All of the above
Gravity
Vacuum
Capillary action
47
Which of the following is used by the laboratory to identify a specimen throughout the testing process
Hospital number
Password ID
Accession number
Mnemonic code
48
Which test requires four special tubes collected requiring a special order of draw?
ETOH
TB-gold
OGTT
PT/INR
49
____ is the permanent computer memory that instructs the computer to carry out user-requested operations
ROM
RAM
CPU
LIS
50
Which of the following represents improper aliquot preparation?
Carefully pouring the contents into the aliquot tube
Removing the stopper behind a splash shield
None
Covering or capping the aliquot tube immediately
51
Which of the following scenarios represents correct capillary puncture technique
Using providone iodine to clean the heel
Wiping alcohol dry so the puncture doesn’t sting
Puncturing perpendicular to the fingerprint whorls
Scooping up blood that is running down the finger
52
What is the clinical and laboratory standards institute recommended maximum depth of heel puncture?
2.0 mm
1.0 mm
1.4 mm
2.4 mm
53
If the alcohol is still wet when a capillary puncture is made it can
All of the above
Lead to errors in testing
Prevent round drops from forming
Cause hemolysis
54
The accumulation of _____ in the blood can cause metabolic acidosis
Copper
Lactate
Mercury
Tropinin
55
Which of the following tubes can be used to collect blood for a type and cross match
Gel barrier
Pink top
Royal blue top
ETS gray top
56
The CAP requires QC for many waived tests to be performed
Before each patient test performed
Daily and when a new kit is opened
On a weekly basis as a minimum
When the test manufacturer specified
57
Which specimen can be centrifuged immediately upon arrival in specimen processing?
Creatinine in an SST tube
CBC in a lavender stopper tube
Blood culture in an SPS tube
Calcium in a green top tube
58
Which test requires strict skin antisepsis procedures before specimen collection
CBC
Blood urea nitrogen
Type and cross match
Blood cultures
59
Why are EDTA specimens obtained before other specimens when collected by skin puncture?
To minimize tissue fluid contamination
To minimize effects of platelet clumping
To prevent contamination from carry over
To reduce negative effects of hemolysis
60
A laboratory report form should indicate when a specimen has been collected by capillary puncture because
The information helps with inventory control
Risk management requires it
Repeat tests will need to use capillary blood
Some test results vary with specimen source
61
An example of a preanalytical error happening during specimen processing is
Inadequate centrifuging
Insufficient specimen
Faulty collection technique
Patient stress and anxiety
62
A blood smear from an EDTA specimen should be made
Within 4 hours of collection
Within 12 hours of collection
Any time after collection
Within 1 hour of collection
63
Which test requires a 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant
Red cell count
Glycohemoglobin
Ethanol
Prothrombin time
64
Capillary puncture blood reference ranges are higher for which if the following analytes?
Phosphorus
Total protein
Glucose
Calcium
65
The process of entering a password and gaining access to a computer is called
Accessing
Interfacing
Logging on
Networking
66
When performing a GTT, the timing should begin
When the fasting specimen is collected
One half hour after the drink is finished
Right after the patient arrives at the lab
As soon as the patient finishes the drink
67
Which microbe would be used to collect a specimen for CBC?
Green top
Gray top
Purple top
Red top
68
Which test is used to monitor heparin therapy
TnT
PT
ACT
BT
69
All POC glucose analyzers approved for hospitals use have which of the following in common
They have the ability to use capillary, venous, or arterial blood samples
They require the use of an authorized operator ID number
Data can be downloaded to a data management program
All of the above
70
Which organization develops standards for specimen handling and processing?
CDC
CLSI
FDA
CLIA
71
What type of additive is recommended for collecting an ethanol test specimen
Sodium citrate
EDTA
Sodium fluoride
No additive
72
TDM is used by physicians to
Maintain “trough” levels
Determine a beneficial drug dosage for a patient
Maintain “peak” levels of a drug in a patients system
Screen inpatients for abuse of prescriptive drugs
73
The preferred sample for parentage testing is
Blood sample
Chorionic villi
Buccal swab
Amniotic fluid
74
Which of the following tests may require special chain of custody documentation when the specimen is collected
Cross match
Drug screen
Blood culture
TDM
