The Frank-Starling states which of the following

increased EDV leads to increased SV

Which of the following patients would have pseudo claudications

a person who cannot identify when they have pain

What happens to the pectoralis major muscle when the forearms are supported

the origin and insertion switch

The COX enzyme is important for what

the ability to produce platelt aggregation

When CO2 is combined with water in plasma what 2 compounds can be made

carbonic acid and bicarbonic acid

All dysrhythmias (except VTach/fib and 3rd AV block) lead to what

decreased cardiac output, decreased heart rate

What does ISA do in beta blockers

blocks the effect of beta blockers

When would you hear a hyperrsonant mediate percussion

with emhysematous lungs or pneumothorax

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CardioPulm Test 1

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cardiopulm midterm

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Questions 170

Answers

1
The Frank-Starling states which of the following
decreased EDV leads to increased SV
increased EDV leads to increased SV
increased EDV leads to decreased SV
decreased EDV leads to decreased SV
2
What is the normal range of resting HR for toddlers
80 - 140
60 - 100
90 - 150
70 - 120
3
In the alveolar what is the pressure of O2
40 mmHg
160 mmHg
0 mmHg
100 mmHg
4
What do J (juxtapulmonary) receptors do
sence stretch in smooth muscles of airway
sense water in the alveola
sense movement of the airway
sense bloodflow in the lungs
5
Where does the horizontal fissure start
6th rib
3rd rib
4th rib
T3
6
Which of the following is defined as the resting tension on the myocardial cells or the EDV
afterload
preload
heart rate
contractility of the heart
7
What do Calcium channel blockers (CCB) cause
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
reduce myocardium contractility
reduced exertional tachycardia
8
Which of the following is a anti-cholinergic bronchodilator
Theophylline
Xopenex HFA
Foradil
Tiotropium
9
What artery typically supplies the inferior wall of the L ventricle
LCX
LAD
RCA
PDA
10
Which of the following is not a accessory muscle for forced inspiration
serratus muscles
Trapezius
External intercostals
Pectoralis major and minor
11
All of the following are vasodilating hormones EXCEPT
vasopressin
nitric oxide
adenosine
prostacyclin
12
What is the MAJOR side effect of nitrates
orthostatic hypotension
dizziness
headache
Nausea
13
Which of the following patients would have pseudo claudications
a person who cannot identify when they have pain
a person who has pain after walking 15 minutes
a person who has pain after walking 2 miles
a person who has pain after walking up a hill
14
What should a person's ejection fraction be
10%
25%
90%
65%
15
An ABI of what would indicate a moderate obstruction
o.41-0.8
<0.4
0.8-0.9
0.9-1.0
16
What happens to the pectoralis major muscle when the forearms are supported
the origin and insertion switch
more max force can be produced
it works the same as it always does
the muscle can stretch more
17
As afterload increases what happens to stroke volume
decreased stroke volume
increased stoke volume
18
at what blood pressure would you send a patient to the ER
220/90
180/85
145/75
90/55
19
The values of which two should nearly match
VD and VE
VA and Q
VE and Q
VD and SV
20
With which medication has a narrow safety margin between the therapeutic and toxic dose
Calcium channel blockers
Digoxin
Lasixs
ACE inhibitors
21
What type of heart block would you suspect if there is not relationship between P and QRS
3rd degree
Type 1, 2nd degree
1st degree
Type 2, 2nd degree
22
The COX enzyme is important for what
the ability to dissolve clots
the ability to form thrombin
the ability to produce platelt aggregation
the ability to activate clotting factor
23
Kussmaul breathing is indicative of what
Stroke
TBI
Ketone acidosis
medulla problems
24
About how much of time does the heart spend in Systole
1/4 of the time
2/3 of the time
1/3 of the time
1/2 of the time
25
When CO2 is combined with water in plasma what 2 compounds can be made
hydroxide and peroxide
ammonium and hydroxide
carbonic acid and bicarbonic acid
oxide and methane
26
Within the ECG rhythm strip where is the absolute refractory period located
peak of Q wave to onset of QRS
onset of P wave to end of QRS
peak of T wave to end of T wave
onset of QRS to peak of T wave
27
TRUE or FALSE: MVV is usually the limits ventilation in exercise
false
True
28
What is the normal range for CVP
2 - 6 mmHg
20 - 22 mmHg
0-1 mmHg
10 - 12 mmHg
29
Where is the lower border of the lungs on the posterior side
rib 6
rib 8
T10
T6
30
What rushes into the cell during depolarization
anions
sodium
potasium
chlorine
31
Which of the following patients would you not put on oxygen therapy
if thier SaO2 is 92%
if their RR is 30bpm
if their RR is 45bpm
if their SaO2 is 85%
32
At rest the average cardiac output (Q) is about
20 - 30 L/min
1 - 4 L/min
4 - 8 L/min
35 - 40 L/min
33
All dysrhythmias (except VTach/fib and 3rd AV block) lead to what
decreased cardiac output
decreased heart rate
decreased ventricle filling
increased myocardial O2 demand
34
Beta 2 receptors cause
bronchoconstirction
bronchodilatoin
35
Methylxathines do all of the following EXCEPT:
block muscarinic recptors
inhibit intracellular Ca2+ release
block phosphodiesterase
Stimulation of catecholamine release
36
Beta blockers can mask the symptoms of all the following EXCEPT
hypoglycemia
hypertriglyceridemia
impaired glucose tolerance
congesitve heart failure
37
Which of the following is not a side effect of diuretics
arrhythmia
altered pH balance
hypertension
electrolyte imbalance
38
What does ISA do in beta blockers
enhances the effect of beta blockers
stabilizes the membrane of the beta blocker
make the beta blocker lipid soluble
blocks the effect of beta blockers
39
How would you interpret this rhythm strip
junctional tachycardia
junctional bradycardia
Normal sinus rhythm
sinus tachycardia
40
What are alpha receptors involved in
increased heart rate
increased contractility
vasodialtion
vasoconstriction
41
When would you hear a hyperrsonant mediate percussion
over gas bubbles in abodmen
with emhysematous lungs or pneumothorax
over very dense tissue such as thigh muscle
from lungs with decreased air
42
the max air that can be inspired at end of tidal inspiration
tidal volume
inspiratory capacity
residual volume
inspiratory reserve volume
43
What is the normal value for Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)
4 - 12 mmHg
2 - 6 mmHg
8-10 mmHg
2.5 - 4 mmHg
44
In order to increased alveolar ventilation which of the following would you increase more
respiratory rate
tidal volume
45
What does the P wave on a EKG represent
ventricle repolarization
ventricle depolarization
atrial repolarization
atrial depolarization
46
A pt with ECG changes during ischemia symptoms what is done to confirm coronary artery spasms
transesophogeal echocardiogram
Engonovine stimulation
pharmacologic stres testing with adenosine
heart rate variability test
47
How would you interpret this rhythm strip
ventricular flutter
atrial flutter
ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
48
Which of the following is a Mast Cell stabilizer
aminophylline
Cromones
cimetidine
Pulmicort
49
How quickly after a stroke does a Thrombolytic agent need to be taken in order to be effective
within 1 hours
withing 24 hours
within 12 hours
within 6 hours
50
Which of the following are the right numbers for the big box method
300, 150, 100, 75, 60
250, 150, 100, 75, 60
250, 150, 100, 75, 50
300, 200, 100, 75, 50
51
How would you interpret this rhythm strip
junctional bradycardia
ventricular bradycardia
ventricular tachycardia
Junctional tachycardia
52
Which of the following does not have positive inotropic influence
increased digitalis
angiotensin
hyperthyroidism
decreased catecholamine
53
All of the following factors affects arterial resistance except
diameter of blood
stroke volume
volume of blood
viscosity
54
What is the normal range for Cardiac Index
2.5 - 4 L/min/m2
12.5 - 16 L/min/m2
8 - 10 L/min/m2
4-8 L/min/m2
55
Which of the following describes Eupena
increased depth and normal rate
normal rate and depth
increased rate and normal depth
decreased depth and normal rate
56
Which of the following factors is NOT used to predict FEV1/FVC
height
weight
age
gender
57
Central venous pressure (CVP) reflects which of the following
afterload
preload
heart rate
contractility
58
It is important to teach patients on a bronchodilator how to use the
Karvonen method
% HRMax method
RPE scale
% HRR method
59
what artery typically supplies the AV node
LAD
LAX
RCA
PDA
60
Is aspirin used to treat chronic or acute problems
neither
chronic
acute
both
61
TRUE or FALSE: COPD patients typically have a high BMI
false
true
62
What might the diaphragmatic excursion be in a patient with COPD
2 cm
5 cm
8 cm
4 cm
63
Which of the following is true about stimulation of muscarinic receptors
it is by adrenergic influences form the PNS
it is by adrenergic influences form the SNS
it is by colinergic influences form the PNS
it is by colinergic influences form the SNS
64
When doing a medical chart review why do you need to know the date of the event
to determine the serverity of the illness
to help guess what the patients mental status might be
to know if it is chronic or acute
to know the restrictions the patient has
65
Which of the following is a cardioselective beta bloker with ISA
Betaxolol
acebutolol
Propanolol
Carteolol
66
with infarction what would appear in a sputum gorss exam
clotted blood
blood streaks
yellow sputum
rust-colored sputum
67
A score of +3 on the pitting edema scale would be
easily identified depression repound within 15 to 30 sec
easily identified depression repound within 15 sec
bareley perceptible depression
easily identified depression repound within > 30 sec
68
A patient with a ph >7.45, PaCO2 >45mmHg and HCO3 >28 mEq/L would have
partially compensated respiratory alkalosis
compensated metabolic acidosis
compensated respiratory alkalosis
partially compensated metaabolic alkalosis
69
How would you interpret this rhythm strip
Ischemia
PAC
Ventricular tachycardia
PVC
70
A patient with a FEV1/FVC of .65 and a FEV1 of 45% they would have what stage of COPD
2
4
3
1
71
on the modified medical research council dyspnea scale what would a 3 be
is troubled by SOB when hurrying
too breathless to leave the house
stops to breath after walking 100 meters
only has trouble with strenuous exercise
72
TRUE or FALSE: cAMP is a type of brondilator
True
False
73
A digoxin dip of the ST segment represents
myocardial ischemia
is normal
myocardial infarct
toxicity
74
If you were on 10L of O2 how long would it take for you to experience oxygen toxicity
48 hours
36 hours
24 hours
12 hours
75
A weak, thread pulse would be described as
3+
1+
0
2+
76
Which of the following is not a Low-molecular-weight heparin
Innohep
daleparin
Lovenox
Coumadin
77
What is the typical pressure in the pulmonary artery
120/80 mmHg
20/10 mmHg
30/3 mmHg
45/12 mmHg
78
Which of the following is not an indicator of increased work of breathing
soft tissure retraction
nasal flaring
chest and abondminal moves desynchronized
increased expiratory time
79
Where would you here the Pulmonic valve
5th i.c.s. and mid clavicular line
2nd i.c.s. of right sternal border
2nd i.c.s. of left sternal border
4th i.c.s. of left sternal border
80
Which of the following is approximately the highest possible stroke volume
80
35
115
100
81
Which medication may cause grand mal seizures
Albuterol
Theophylline
Atropine Sulfate
Foradil
82
Which of the following medications is a calcium channel blocker
Warfarin
Diltiazem
sodium nitroprusside
Atenolol
83
TRUE or FALSE: People who use nitrate patches should only take them off while showering
False
True
84
What type of beta blocker affects both the lungs and the heart
Beta -2
Beta - 1
85
With anemia at 100% SaO2 would the O2 concentration be higher or lower
lower
higher
86
identifes symptoms caused by arrhythmia, evaluate arrhythmia therapy and pacemaker function
position emission tomography
MRI
electron bean computed tomography
Holter monitoring
87
What is HFA
a propellant
a methylaxanthines
a bronchodilator
a anti-cholernic
88
What is the normal range of BE (base excess) in the body
0 - 4
2 - 6
0 - 8
0 - 2
89
which of these patients would most likely be on an anticoagulant
patinet with radius fx
patient 1 day post TKA
patient with chronic low back pain
a person with Lupus
90
You may be prescribed all of the following vitamins when you have respiratory problems EXCEPT
K
E
A
C
91
How do nitrates inhibit smooth muscle contraction in the vessels
demyelinate the fibers going to smooth muscle in the vessels
reducing intracellular calcium
blocking the electrical impulse entering the cell
blocking the Ach receptors
92
What would the SaO2 be if the PaO2 was 60
93%
90%
85%
60%
93
Asthma reliever inhalers do all of the following EXCEPT
have a mean duration of 2 hours
are anti-inflammatory
have a maximal effect after 5 - 20 minutes
are bronchdilators
94
Why are their two R waves on a EKG with a bundle branch block
The ventricles contract twice
the atrium does not completely repolarizes
the 2 atriums repolarize at different times
the 2 ventricles depolarize at different times
95
All of the following are properties of cardiac cells EXCEPT:
Automaticity
Diffusion
Excitability
Conductivity
96
At what part of the coagulation process does Coumadin act
when the plateltes adhere aggregate
on the prothrombin
on he thrombin
on Factor X
97
If a patient develops angina during exercise you should do all of the following EXCEPT:
take their vitals
stop exercise
calm the patient down
put them in supine
98
A pulmonary embolism would have which of the following characteristics
good perfusion but bad ventilation
good perfusion and ventilation
bad perfusion and ventilation
lots of ventilation, no perfusion
99
A PO2 of what would indicated moderate hypoxemi
75
55
85
35
100
As myocardium contractility increases stroke volume
increases
decreases
101
Which of the following does not have a negative inotropic influence
acidosis
corticosteroids
hypoxia
calcium antagonists
102
In which of the following patients would you hear Crackles/Rales
foreign body aspiration
asthma
COPD
CHF patients
103
When taking nitrates, how many tabs should you take without a change before going to the ER
2 tabs
4 tabs
1 tab
3 tabs
104
When taking Coumadin to prevent thrombosis with mechanical heart valves what should the INR be
3 to 4
2.5 to 3.5
2 to 3
1.5 to 2.5
105
During which phase of breathing is the intrapulmonary pressure less than atmospheric pressure
Expiration
Inspiration
106
What is the normal range for systemic vascular resistance
50 to 150 dyne. Sec. cm-5
200 - 600 dyne. Sec. cm-5
800 - 1200 dyne. Sec. cm-5
1200 - 1500 dyne. Sec. cm-5
107
A pericardial friction rub is associated with
restriction of blood flow
heart failure
pulmonary disease
pericarditis
108
When would the QRS complex be wide
junctional rhythm
Sinus rhythm
atrial rhythm
ventricle rhythm
109
What is RPP
cardiac output / body surface area
Stroke volume x HR
HR x systolic pressure
HR x diastolic pressure
110
What is the normal rate when the purkinje fibers are the pacemakers
40-60
30-40
60-100
20-40
111
Which of the following is an example of a inhaled corticosteroid
Salbutamol
Flovent
foradil
atrovent
112
Which of the following is true about the Semi-Fowler's position
it is sleeping on ones left side
It is elevation of the head of the bed
it is sitting in a postion with thorax and arms stabilized
it is standing in a hunched over position
113
Which of the following is not a unipolar lead
2
aVF
V5
V1
114
All of the following are side effects of corticosteroid use EXCEPT:
insomnia
anxiety
moon face
muscle atrophy
115
All of the following are included in management of an AMI EXCEPT:
Laxatives
Sedative
ACE inhibitors
Lasix
116
All of the following are associated with increased Hb-O2 affinity (left shift) EXCEPT
H+ decrease
Temp decrease
P-CO2 decrease
DPG increase
117
Which scan detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries
MRI
Position emission tomography
Holter monitoring
electron beam computed tompography
118
beta blockers do all of the following EXCEPT
reduce exertional tachycardia
reduce myocardium contractility
act as an antigoagulant
cause vasodilation
119
How would you interpret this rhythm strip
3rd degree AV block
Mobitz 2, 2nd degree AV block
Mobitz 1, 2nd degree AV block (Wenckenbach)
1st degree AV block
120
What is the end product of glucose metabolism
Fructose
clasterosporium
diphosphoglycerate
helminthosporium
121
When fully saturated what is the percentage of O2 in the blood
14
61
20
45
122
What is the gold standard for blood flow measurements and metabolic assessment of the heart
CT scan
MRI
ABI
PET scan
123
What cell produces surfactant
type 2 pneumocyte
type 1 pneumocyte
capillary endothelium
red blood cells
124
RPP is used to estimate what
stroke volume
mVO2
coronary blood flow
(a-v) O2 difference
125
At sea level what is the atmospheric pressure of nitrogen
600mmHg
160mmHg
300mmHg
760mmHg
126
TRUE OR FALSE: When a small and large alveolar come together the large one will collapse
true
false
127
How is Unfractionated Heparin given
oral tablet
Subcutaneous injection
IV injection
Sublingually
128
what is the change in workload in a supine pt with right CHF and peripheral edema
decreased
increased
129
For all of the following leads the left leg is the positive component EXCEPT:
2
1
aVF
3
130
Which of the following is NOT a way to calculate rate on a 6 second rhythm strip
use the big box method and the standardized rates for each
count the QRS complexes and multiple by 10
divide 1500/ the # of small blocks between R to R interval
count the number of big boxes between every other R wave
131
If a patient has a block in the RCA you would see it in which leads
1, aVL, V3, V4, V5, V6
2,3, aVF, V1, V2
2, 3, aVF
V1, V2, V3, V4
132
Which modifications the the EKG are NOT associated with Ischemia/Injury/Infarct
significant Q waves
P wave inversion
T wave inversion
ST segment elevation
133
With what type of cough can you take Antiussives
dry
productive
134
Which of the following measurements are normal
rib angle > 90 degrees, vertebral angle > 45 degrees
rib angle < 90 degrees, Vertebral angle = 45 degees
rib angle < 90 degrees, vertebral angle > 45 degrees
rib angle > 90 degrees, vertebral angle = 45 degrees
135
Apha receptors, beta 1 receptors and beta 2 receptors are part of what system
peripheral nervous system
central nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
136
What is the respiration regulation center
midbrain
medulla
pons
cerebellum
137
At the level of what rib is the V:Q ratio about equal to 1
2
6
3
5
138
What is the diffusion constant for CO2
0.053
0.001
0.01
0.00053
139
How does Warfarin affect the clotting factor
it limits Vitamin K epoxide from becoming vitamin K
It limits the conversion from Fibrinogin to Fibrin
It limits the conversion from prothrombin to thrombin
it limits Factor Xa production
140
With which of the following is the pressure the highest with 2 liters of O2 in the lung
emphysema
fibrosis
normal lungs
141
How do Glycoprotein (GP) IIa-IIIb inhibitors act as a anti-platelet agent
inhibit the ability of fibrinogen to activate platelts
prevent the conversion of Vitamin K
inhibit the COX enzyme
bock ADP receptors on platelt membranes
142
Ventricular hypertrophy would be indicated if the mm of S + the mm of R in what 2 leads is >35
S in V2 and R in V4
S in V1 and R in V5
S in V5 and R in V1
S in V6 and R in V2
143
Which of the following is true about cardiac hyokinesis
the contraction of the heart is not as strong as good
the heart contracts slower than it used to
the preload on the heart is greater
the bloodflow to the myocardium is not as good as
144
people with CHF are often given what type of supplement
sodium
calcium
vitamin K
potassium
145
alpha-1 anti-trypsin is associated with which disease
CHF
COPD
AMI
emhysema
146
leads V3 and V4 usually have what type of waveform
positive
biphasic
negative
147
Which of the following is not a side effect of sympathomimetics bronchodilators
depression
msucle tremor
insomina
palpitation
148
A patient with a ph <7.35, PaCO2 >45mmHg and HCO3 <22 mEq/L would have
compensated metabolic acidosis
combined respiratoyr and metabolic acidosis
compensated metabolic alkalosis
combined respiratoyr and metabolic alkalosis
149
which of the following describe a bronchial sound
soft, low pitch rustling
loud, high pitched tubular sound
moderate, mixed rustling and tubular
150
A patient with a FEV1/FVC of .65 and a FEV1 of 45% they would NOT be on
short-acting bronchodialtor
long term oxygen
inhaled glucocorticoidsteroids
long-acting bronchodilator
151
The ST segment is usually
positive
negative
isoelectric
152
The QT interval represents
systole
diastole
153
Which of the following is not an accessory expiratory breathing muscle
latissimus dorsi
sternocleidomastoid
internal intercostals
abdominal muscles
154
What is the normal rate of conduction from the AV node
30-40
20 - 40
60 - 100
40 - 60
155
A patient with a ph <7.35, PaCO2 >44mmHg and HCO3 22-28 mEq/L would have
partially compensated metabolic alkalosis
compensated repsratory acidosis
uncompensated metabolic acidosis
uncompensated respiratory acidosis
156
In the venous system what is the pressure of O2
0 mmHg
100 mmHg
160 mmHg
40 mmHg
157
during what step of the coughing mechanism will you close the glottis
4
2
3
1
158
What is the normal range of HCO3 - in the blood
22 - 28
7.35 - 7.45
80 - 97
35 - 45
159
How long should the PR interval be
0.6 sec - 0.1sec
0.12 sec - 0.2sec
< 0.4sec
0.2sec - 0.4sec
160
All of the following are components of vital capacity EXCEPT:
residual volume
expiratory reserve
inspiratory reserve volume
tidal volume
161
TRUE of FALSE: RVEDP is a clinical indicator of the preload of the right ventricle
true
false
162
What is the normal creatinine level in Females
0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL
0.5 - 1.2 mg/dL
0.6 - 1.1 mg/dl
0.7 - 1.2 mg/dL
163
Which type of heparin is associated with less serious risks
low-molecular-weight heparin
Unfractionated heparin
164
What is the average RR for preschool children
44 bpm
14 - 18 bpm
16 - 25 bpm
20 - 30 bpm
165
Digoxin has all of the following effects EXCEPT:
positive intropic effects
negative chronotropic efects
decreased drowsiness
decreased conduction delay
166
What is normal chest wall excursion
3 cm
10.5 cm
5cm
8.5 cm
167
PCWP looks at what
left atrial pressure
left ventricle pressure
right ventricle pressure
right atrial pressure
168
Which of the following is a direct thrombin inhibitor
Fondaparinux
Lepirudin
Xarelto
Eliquis
169
TRUE or FALSE: a 3rd heart sound would occur early in the diastole phase
tue
false
170
Which classic cardiac symptom is also a classic pulmonary symptom
cough
indigestion
chest pain
shortness of breath

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