Rad Positioning Ch 3

Duodenum (first portion of small intestine) is the longest and widest of the three segments.

Categorized as adynamic ileus and caused by peritonitis or paralytic ileus (lack of intestinal motility)

Aka regional enteritis; chronic inflammation of intestinal wall that results in bowel obstruction

Patient w/ possible perforated bowel is unable to stand. Which projection demonstrates possible free air w/in abdomen?

Which of these are NOT in the Right Upper Quadrant?

Which of these is in the Right Lower Quadrant?

The first portion of the small intestine

The double-walled membrane lining the abdominal cavity

Which of the following soft tissue structures are seen on a properly exposed KUB?

kVp for abdominal images: 70-85

Xiphoid process corresponds to which vertebral level?

Elongated gland located posterior the stomach; posterior to abdominal wall between duodenum and spleen.

Free air in the intra-abdominal cavity rises to the level of the ______ in a patient who is in the erect position.

If PA chest is NOT performed for acute abdomen series, centering for erect abdomen must include what?

Which of these are considered Intraperitoneal organs?

Which of these are considered retroperitoneal organs?

Chronic disease involving inflammation of large intestine

Female gonadal shields are always used

AP Erect Abdomen: Place IR approx. 2" above iliac crest; top of IR is at the level of what?

Patient with history of ascites is unable to stand/sit erect. Which projection demonstrates this condition?

A broad hypersthenic patient may require two 14x17" IRs placed landscape

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of digestion?

Liver

Volvulus: Twisting of a loop of intestine, creating an obstruction

Which technical factor is essential when using computed radiography to ensure high-quality image is produced?

Patient with possible gallstones is in pain. Which imaging modality or projection is quickest for confirming gallstones?

What modality is considered for an abscess or thickened wall surrounding the inflamed appendix?

Symphysis Pubis: Landmark corresponds to the ________ margin of the abdomen

Which of the following sets of exposure factors would be ideal for abdominal radiography (sthenic).

Chronic disease involving inflammation of colon occurring primarily in young adults, involving rectosigmoid colon

The liver is the largest solid organ in the body; occupying majority of the ________ of the abdomen

Which structure stores and releases bile?

Which of these is NOT in the left upper quadrant?

Which of the following structures connect the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?

Which of these is NOT considered retroperitoneal organs?

Which of these are considered an accessory organ?

To identify the inferior margin of the abdomen, the tech can palpate the symphysis pubis or what?

Which of following alternative imaging modalities is most effective to evaluate GI motility and reflux?

2/3 ileum is in the right upper quadrant?

Lateral Decub AP Abdomen: Center of IR and CR are approx. ______ inches above level of iliac crests

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity of abdomen. Caused by chronic conditions (cirrhosis).

KUB radiograph on large hypersthenic patient shows entire abdomen not included on 14x17 iR. Correction?

Ileus exposure factor adjustment

Which of these are NOT considered Intraperitoneal organs?

Lateral Decub Abdomen AP: Patient should be on their side for MINIMUM of what?

An abdominal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

Another term describing a nonmechanical bowel obstruction

Which of these are in the Left Upper Quadrant?

Patient w/ history of possible umbilical hernia. Which additional projection can be undertaken to confirm diagnosis?

Urinary bladder

The ASIS may be easier to palpate for bariatrics to determine the lower abdomen margin

At the junction of the small and large intestine

The two psoas major and minor muscles are located on one side of the lumbar vertebral column.

The _________ borders of these two muscles should be faintly visible on a diagnostic abdominal image

Which region of the abdomen contains the spleen?

Transverse colon & sigmoid colon

Double fold that holds the small intestine in place.

Radiograph of AP projection of abdomen shows R. iliac wing is wider than left. What positioning error was involved?

Which of the following factors best controls involuntary motion of a young, peds patient during abdominal radiography?

Telescoping of section of bowel into another loop, creating an obstruction

Ascending Colon

Major abdominal blood vessels (aorta & inferior vena cava)

Most abdominal projections are taken:

The kidneys are connected to the bladder by way of what?

The omentum is aka “fatty apron” because its location and amount of fat contained

Which of these are considered Infraperitoneal organs?

AP Supine Abdomen: Tall hyposthenic or asthenic patient may require 1 image placed portrait

The greater omentum connects the ________ to the _________ of the stomach inferiorly.

_____ lateral decub best visualizes free intraperitoneal air in liver in R. Upper Abdomen away from gastric bubble

Ascites exposure factor adjustment

Patient with history of Crohn's. Acute abdomen is ordered. Why?

Which of these are in the left lower quadrant?

Patient w/ history of pneumoperitonieum. Able to stand. Which projection demonstrates ths condition?

Elongation of iliac wing indicates rotation in that direction

PA prone abdomen: More desirable than AP if kidneys are primary interest due to increased OID

Patient (can stand) w/ possible ileus. Acute abdominal series ordered. What demonstrates air/fluid levels in abdomen?

Which quadrant does the spleen belong to?

Free air or gas in the peritoneal cavity

Which quadrant does the right colic flexure belong to?

Which quadrant does the liver belong to?

Which of these are in the Right Upper Quadrant?

Which quadrant does the appendix belong to?

Which of these is NOT considered an Infraperitoneal organ?

It doesn't matter which abdomen position you do first

Gallbladder

Which of the following conditions is demonstrated radiographically as distended, air-filled loops of the small bowel?

An important anatomic landmark that is commonly used to locate the center of the abdomen

Which specific decub position of the abdomen should be used in acute abdomen series if patient cannot stand?

Inferior costal (rib) margin is at what level?

Iliac crest is what level?

Uterus, tubes, and ovaries

Gastro denotes a relationship to the small intestine

The two suprerenal (adrenal glands) of the endocrine system are located at superomedial portion of each kidney