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CAM I - Ophthalmology Part II Flashcards | StudBud
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CAM I - Ophthalmology Part II
CAM I - Ophthalmology Part II
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1
Aging (> 70 yrs old), smoking, ETOH use, DM, and HIV are all risk factors for what slowly progressive visual impairment?
Cataracts
Retinal detachment
Glaucoma
Macular degeneration
2
Inflammation and demyelination of the optic nerve results in which painful eye condition?
Horner syndrome
Optic neuritis
Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Conjunctivitis
3
Which condition is very serious due to the risk of entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle (could cause blindness)?
Blowout fracture
Ruptured globe
Chemical eye exposure
Hyphema
4
Macular degeneration generally involves which type of visual field defect?
Central vision loss
Can't see well at night, "halos around lights"
Peripheral vision loss
"Curtain falling down" over visual field
5
What is the treatment for optic neuritis?
Management of underlying DM and/or HTN, referral to primary care
Methylprednisolone (IV steroids), referral to Neurology
Timolol to reduce intraocular pressure, referral to ophthalmology
Ocuplastic surgery
6
Which of the following is NOT a common finding on fundoscopy for diabetic retinopathy?
Cotton wool spots
AV nicking
Dot and blot hemorrhages
Hard exudates
7
What is the recommend imaging for concern of a facial fracture, such as an orbital and/or blowout fracture?
Plain film x-rays of skull and face
MRI of brain
Ultrasound of the orbits
CT scan (maxillofacial)
8
Diabetic retinopathy often presents with which of the following symptoms?
Eye pain, photophobia, and blurred vision
Eye redness, irritation, discharge
Often presents asymptomatically.
Decreased vision, blurry spots, halos around lights
9
Central vision loss is seen most commonly with...
Macular degeneration
Cataracts
Retinal detachment
Chronic open-angle glaucoma
10
What is the classic triad of symptoms seen with acute angle-closure glaucoma? (select all that apply)
Decreased optic cup: disc ratio
Eye redness
Hazy cornea
Fixed, dilated pupil
11
This medical condition presents
only
in the elderly with sudden headaches, vision changes, & an elevated ESR (sed rate)?
Papilledema
Optic neuritis
Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Temporal arteritis
12
A useful method of evaluating for macular degeneration involves the use of which tool?
Amsler grid
Morgan lens
Snellen chart
Tonopen
13
Which of the following is the leading cause of blindness worldwide?
Cataracts
Uncorrected refractive errors
Macular degeneration
Glaucoma
14
What does 20/30 vision mean?
You have awesome vision
You see from 20 feet what most people see at 30 feet
You see from 30 feet what most people see at 20 feet
You see from 20 feet what most people see from 20 feet
15
With concern to a chemical exposure of the eyes, which type of substance generally can cause more harm?
Alkaline substances
Acidic substances
Water
pH neutral substances
16
Which medication commonly used to treat glaucoma works by lowering IOP by only decreasing fluid production?
Latanoprost
Brimodine
Pilocarpine
Timolol
17
How is papilledema evaluated?
Fundoscopy, followed by MRI and/or lumbar puncture to identify cause
CT scan of orbits and brain to evaluate for swelling and rule out fracture
Slit Lamp exam and visual acuity to assess for damage to retina
Use a tonopen to evaluate for chronic changes in intraocular pressure
18
Which medication commonly used to treat glaucoma works by lowering IOP by only increasing aqueous outflow?
Brimodine
Pilocarpine
Timolol
Acetazolamide
19
What is the normal range for intraocular pressure (mmHg)?
30-35 mmHg
11-20 mmHg
20-30 mmHg
5-10 mmHg
20
Which is NOT considered a
primary
risk factor for glaucoma?
Family history
Black race
Age (> 55 years old)
Smoking
21
A patient presents to the ER after getting some swimming pool cleaner in their eyes. How should you manage this patient?
Perform a Wood's lamp exam with fluorescein stain
Continuous irrigation with a Morgan lens for 30-60 mins
Perform Slit Lamp exam to evaluate for retinal damage
Rinse eyes with saline drops for 10 minutes and consult ophthalomologist
22
Which eye condition causes a visual field defect commonly described as a "curtain falling down over the eye"?
Macular degeneration
Glaucoma
Retinal detachment
Cataracts
23
Increased intraocular pressure which subsequently causes swelling of the optic disc is known as....
Papilledema
Hypertensive retinopathy
Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Diabetic retinopathy
24
Optic neuritis is commonly associated with which underlying medical condition?
Hypertension
Multiple myeloma
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Diabetes
25
AV nicking and copper/silver wiring noted on a fundoscopic exam would suggest which of the following conditions?
Diabetic retinopathy
Retinal detachment
Macular degeneration
Hypertensive retinopathy
26
You receive a trauma patient & immediately note concern for an open globe/ruptured globe injury. How should you proceed?
Evaluate for concern of increased IOP with a tonopen.
Perform a Wood's lamp exam with fluorescein stain.
Put NOTHING in the eye. Order CT of orbits, consult ophtho emergently.
Evaluate for foreign body, evert eyelids.
27
Testing for retinal detachment includes...
Fundoscopy and ultrasound
Wood's lamp and Slit Lamp exam
MRI and lumbar puncture
CT scan and fundoscopy
28
What is a common physical exam finding in optic neuritis?
Afferent pupillary defect
Cotton wool spots
Drusen
Eye redness without pain
29
Which of the following is NOT a common visual finding for those diagnosed with cataracts?
Can't see well at night
Cloudy, blurry vision
Halos around lights
Peripheral vision loss