Which of the following reflects the Chinese communist party’s approach toward women?

freed women from oppressive laws and customs

Which of the following describes the overall impact of the New Deal?

It preserved the American system of capitalism.

What change did the British East India Company make in its approach to ruling India during the 1840s?

It annexed more land and stripped native aristocrats of their privileges.

Which of the following led European Jews to migrate to Palestine during the first half of the twentieth century?

returning to their place of origin would lead to self-determination.

What might explain the difference between the number of military deaths and civilianeaths in Poland during WWII?

extermination camps targeted Poland's Jewish population & other minorities

Which of the following encouraged the European powers to surrender their African colonies?

too deep in debt to invest more in pacifying the discontented Africans.

Which of the following is an element common to all the authoritarian systems of the mid-twentieth century?

A willingness to use violence and terror against their own citizens

What characteristic of the present-day world economy emerged during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

unequal relationship between the non/industrialized world

Which of the following issues led to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union?

They had diametrically opposed political and economic ideologies.

Which of the following made Portuguese oceanic voyaging possible in the fifteenth century?

New shipbuilding technology and navigational skills

Which of the following contributed to the Qing dynasty’s downfall?

Peasants and laborers resented the high cost of reform

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the effects of globalization?

new possibilities and deepened disparities of income and power

Which of the following was a common response to class conflict in late 19thcentury and early 20thcentury Western Europe?

The growth of labor parties to participate in electoral politics

Which of the following reflects Charles Darwin’s key scientific theory?

Species evolved under the pressures of natural selection.

Why did King Louis XVI summon the Estates-General into session in 1788?

To levy new taxes in order to improve his credit

How did World War I change the role of states?

It led to an increase in the size and scope of their role in society.

A greater percentage of soldiers survived wounds during World War II than any previous major war primarily because:

new medicines prevented infections

After the Spanish-American War, American expansionism increasingly involved which of the following?

Turning nominally independent countries into dependent states

Which of the following factors led to the failure of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward in 1958?

not enough food to avoid famine and inferior manufactured goods

Where did participation in global trade first begin to have a significant impact on the lives of ordinary people?

Northwestern Europe and British North America

Which of the following was one of the principal causes of World War II?

Resentment lingered over the punitive treaties imposed after World War I

Which of the following characterized the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte in France?

A centralized, efficient administration

The Shawnee prophet Tenskwatawa was similar to Hong Xiuquan in which of the following ways?

Both had religious visions and embraced a strict moral code.

The “open door policy” for access to China included which concomitant attacks on traditional Chinese culture?

Support for Christian missionaries

One result of the emergence of popular culture was:

the use of cultural choices to assert social or class identity

In eighteenth-century Britain, which of the following contributed MOST directly to industrial growth?

Legal protection of private property and the availability of capital

Which of the following is a similarity between the decolonization experiences of Algeria and South Africa?

large numbers of European settlers, preventing smooth transfer of power.

In the period from 1845-1900, what factors in China led large numbers of people to emigrate to the Americas and Oceania?

Population pressure and a shortage of cultivatable land

Mikhail Gorbachev’s perestroika reform program included which of the following?

Multicandidate elections for Communist party posts

What purpose did the Warsaw Pact serve?

a Soviet response to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

Which of the following contributed to civilian death tolls in countries such as Germany and Japan?

new military tactics like firebombing urban areas

Why did Joseph Stalin believe that the Soviet Union deserved to dominate eastern Europe?

USSR had sacrificed so many people in the war against fascism.

Which of the following contributed to the global flow of goods in the seventeenth through eighteenth centuries?

the creation of the Atlantic trading system

Which of the following was a cause of the Great Depression?

The rise of protectionism and decline of free trade

Which of the following was one of the causes of the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

Increasing public awareness of government corruption

Viewed collectively, the actions of rebels and dissidents in the late 17-1800s reflected which of the following?

Their dislike of capitalism and colonialism

How did Japan justify its conquest of neighboring territory during World War II?

Japan claimed that it was establishing “Asia for the Asians"

Which of the following led to the end of white minority rule in Rhodesia in 1979?

Independent African states supported a successful guerrilla movement

Which of the following contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa?

Pressure from a growing population

Which of the following factors challenged the nineteenth-century idea of “separate spheres” for women and men?

The movement of more women into the paid labor force

During the 1980s, which of the following was an effect of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

The Soviet army lost prestige in the stalemate that developed.

The production of cash crops like coffee and sugar was based on which of the following forms of labor in 15-1600s

Slave labor on plantations in the Americas

Which of the following was an outcome of the end of colonial rule in sub-Saharan Africa?

Ethnic and religious rivalries came to a head

What did the authoritarian political systems of Germany, Japan, and Italy have in common?

All disliked the left-wing government that emerged in the Soviet Union.

studbud

Full MC Review (1750-2000))

100 termsStudBud Administration17 plays

Worlds Together, Worlds Apart 2nd AP Edition by Elizabeth Pollard, Clifford Rosenberg, Robert Tignor, Alan Karras Questions from Instructor Resources

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Which of the following people provided the model for protest for Martin Luther King, Jr. in his pursuit of civil rights?
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Ho Chi Minh
Nelson Mandela
Mohandas Gandhi
2
Which of the following reflects the Chinese communist party’s approach toward women?
subordinated women’s individual rights to the rights of the family
freed women from oppressive laws and customs
women were selfish to demand more rights during the war with Japan
rejected women’s rights to build support with the patriarchy
3
Which of the following describes the overall impact of the New Deal?
It caused the emergence of authoritarian rule in the United States.
It preserved the American system of capitalism.
It generated an extensive redistribution of wealth in American society.
It offered a quick end to the Great Depression in the United States.
4
What change did the British East India Company make in its approach to ruling India during the 1840s?
It annexed more land and stripped native aristocrats of their privileges.
It banned the practice of the Hindu religion in India.
It encouraged the Mughal emperor to rule as an absolute monarch.
It ceded its control of India to the British crown.
5
Which of the following led European Jews to migrate to Palestine during the first half of the twentieth century?
They sought assimilation into an existing regional Semitic culture.
returning to their place of origin would lead to self-determination.
learn Palestinian agricultural techniques to achieve economic success.
create a new European colony in the Mid East to replace the Ottoman Empire.
6
What might explain the difference between the number of military deaths and civilianeaths in Poland during WWII?
they did not put up much resistance to German occupation
They fought the Germans the entire war and suffered great losses
extermination camps targeted Poland's Jewish population & other minorities
they were invaded twice-once by Germany in 1939 and once by Soviets in 1945
7
The wealth generated by the expansion in trade in the late 17-1800s led to the emergence of which social group
The bourgeoisie
The nobility of the robe
The proletariat
The yeomanry
8
Which of the following encouraged the European powers to surrender their African colonies?
United States encouraged decolonization, but the USSR opposed it.
it was time to live up to their Enlightenment ideals
The treaty ending World War II called for immediate decolonization.
too deep in debt to invest more in pacifying the discontented Africans.
9
Which of the following is an element common to all the authoritarian systems of the mid-twentieth century?
A refusal to allow public roles for women
State-supported anti-Semitism
willing to allow private enterprises to manage without state interference
A willingness to use violence and terror against their own citizens
10
What characteristic of the present-day world economy emerged during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
Reliance on free trade ideology to justify economic expansionism
Reliance on a gold standard
unequal relationship between the non/industrialized world
The growth of long-distance overland trade routes
11
Which of the following issues led to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union?
Their expanding overseas empires created borderland conflicts.
They both wanted to colonize Western Europe’s former colonies.
They had been on opposing sides during World Wars I and II.
They had diametrically opposed political and economic ideologies.
12
Which of the following made Portuguese oceanic voyaging possible in the fifteenth century?
discovery of maps showing the kingdom of Prester John
Funding from chartered companies
new knowledge of the size of the Atlantic Ocean
New shipbuilding technology and navigational skills
13
Which of the following contributed to the Qing dynasty’s downfall?
Manchu military victories
Peasants and laborers resented the high cost of reform
Direct intervention by European military forces
The Qing court’s refusal to admit that reforms were needed
14
Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the effects of globalization?
new possibilities and deepened disparities of income and power
decreased diversity of information and cultural content exposure
increased overall diversity of the world's languages and cultures
uniformly increased quality of life thorughout the world
15
Which of the following was a common response to class conflict in late 19thcentury and early 20thcentury Western Europe?
The rise of anarchism as a major political force
Reinforcement of autocratic political systems
Violent revolution and overthrow of repressive governments
The growth of labor parties to participate in electoral politics
16
Which of the following reflects Charles Darwin’s key scientific theory?
Individuals passed on to their offspring traits they had acquired.
Species evolved under the pressures of natural selection.
Europeans were superior to Africans and Asians.
Individuals passed on to their offspring traits they had acquired.
17
Why did King Louis XVI summon the Estates-General into session in 1788?
To improve the status of the French peasantry
To levy new taxes in order to improve his credit
To create a more egalitarian legal system in France
To discuss new ways in which France could work against British interests
18
How did World War I change the role of states?
It encouraged them to cooperate more closely with one another after the war
It led to more autonomy for individual citizens and subjects.
It made them afraid of overstepping and causing another war.
It led to an increase in the size and scope of their role in society.
19
A greater percentage of soldiers survived wounds during World War II than any previous major war primarily because:
countries agreed not to use weapons designed to wound instead of kill
WWII was the first war with doctors and nurses on the front lines
new medicines prevented infections
doctors on both sides treated the wounded, regardless of which side
20
Wahhabi Islam was a direct threat to the political power of which of the following?
The House of Saud
The Ottoman Empire
The British Empire
The Napoleonic Empire
21
After the Spanish-American War, American expansionism increasingly involved which of the following?
Turning nominally independent countries into dependent states
Establishing peaceful trade relationships
Subsidizing settlement by Americans in newly conquered lands
Conquering new territories in Asia and Africa
22
Which new technological development MOST led to the utilization of trench warfare?
the airplane
the tank
barbed wire
the machine gun
23
Which of the following factors led to the failure of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward in 1958?
not enough food to avoid famine and inferior manufactured goods
Peasants refused to cooperate in communal living
the Red Guards undercut its effectiveness
First World corporations refused to buy from local Chinese factories
24
Where did participation in global trade first begin to have a significant impact on the lives of ordinary people?
Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean trade network
Southern Europe and the Mediterranean
Northwestern Europe and British North America
European Russia and Siberia
25
Which of the following was one of the principal causes of World War II?
Communism failed to expand its presence in Europe.
Resentment lingered over the punitive treaties imposed after World War I
Great Depression led to decreased military spending inviting aggression
Germany/Russia had agreed to divide the world between them
26
What invention transformed sugar refining, pottery making, and textile making?
The cotton gin
The printing press
The steam engine
The water frame
27
Which of the following characterized the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte in France?
A respect for the authority of other European leaders
A centralized, efficient administration
An increase in popular democracy
A separate legal code for the French colonies and future conquests
28
The Shawnee prophet Tenskwatawa was similar to Hong Xiuquan in which of the following ways?
Both used western astronomy to prove their personal powers.
Both led rebellions that were ultimately successful.
Both had religious visions and embraced a strict moral code.
Both drew on native as well as Muslim traditions in their preaching.
29
The “open door policy” for access to China included which concomitant attacks on traditional Chinese culture?
Ending foot binding
Imposing Western-style music
Support for Christian missionaries
Forcing all publications to be printed in English
30
One result of the emergence of popular culture was:
the use of cultural choices to assert social or class identity
increased cultural unity, as everyone read the same books and newspapers
the decline of institutions such as art museums and opera houses
the growth of the fashion industry
31
In eighteenth-century Britain, which of the following contributed MOST directly to industrial growth?
the expansion of maritime expeditions to discover new lands
Legal protection of private property and the availability of capital
a highly skilled and educated workforce
the entrance of women into the workforce
32
Which of the following is a similarity between the decolonization experiences of Algeria and South Africa?
large numbers of European settlers, preventing smooth transfer of power.
independent before the end of World War II.
violent civil wars to end colonial control
many indigenous people in the civil service and military
33
In the period from 1845-1900, what factors in China led large numbers of people to emigrate to the Americas and Oceania?
Promises of freedom from oppressive rule
The one-child policy
Population pressure and a shortage of cultivatable land
Expulsion of dissidents by the Qing government
34
Which of the following groups supported Usman dan Fodio’s revolt against the Hausa city-states?
Igbo merchants
Ruling elites
Fulani tribespeople
Hausa women
35
Mikhail Gorbachev’s perestroika reform program included which of the following?
Legalizing all political parties
Privatization of state-run businesses
Less autonomy for the individual republics of the Soviet Union
Multicandidate elections for Communist party posts
36
What purpose did the Warsaw Pact serve?
a Soviet response to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
nuclear nonproliferation agreement between Western Europe and USSR
initiated a Polish state promise to promote the country’s self-sufficiency
a platform for Eastern European resistance to Soviet rule.
37
Which of the following contributed to civilian death tolls in countries such as Germany and Japan?
new military tactics like firebombing urban areas
forced labor and death camps as part of a 'Racial Purity' ideology
large land battles deemed necessary to force a surrender
use of nuclear weapons to hasten an end to the war in Europe & the Pacific
38
Why did Joseph Stalin believe that the Soviet Union deserved to dominate eastern Europe?
USSR promised control of eastern Europe at the Yalta Conference.
USSR had sacrificed so many people in the war against fascism.
USSR had not used nuclear weapons in Europe, and should be rewarded.
USSR had more money than did the United States to rebuild to rebuild
39
Which of the following contributed to the global flow of goods in the seventeenth through eighteenth centuries?
European imperial expansion in the Indian Ocean
the development of Eurasian land-based empires
the withdrawal of China from the world economy
the creation of the Atlantic trading system
40
Which of the following was a cause of the Great Depression?
The rise of protectionism and decline of free trade
Low interest rates in the United States
The Soviet Union’s isolation from the League of Nations
Abandoning the gold standard
41
Which of the following was one of the causes of the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?
Failure of economic reforms
Increasing public awareness of government corruption
Frustration over the reversal of the Cultural Revolution
Little change in the standard of living
42
Viewed collectively, the actions of rebels and dissidents in the late 17-1800s reflected which of the following?
The support they received from outside sources such as foreign missionaries
Their dislike of capitalism and colonialism
Their embrace of Enlightenment ideals and European technology
The level of bureaucratic organization within their own societies
43
Which of the following is an example of the foreign pressure that led to the decline of Qing dynastic authority?
The Sino-Japanese War
The Taiping Rebellion
The Self-Strengthening Movement
The Maji Maji Revolt
44
How did Japan justify its conquest of neighboring territory during World War II?
If they failed, Europeans would extend their colonial presence in Asia
Conquest was necessary in order to forestall the spread of world communism
Japan claimed that its conquests were protecting East Asia from America
Japan claimed that it was establishing “Asia for the Asians"
45
Which of the following led to the end of white minority rule in Rhodesia in 1979?
It ended when Britain granted independence to all its African colonies.
Independent African states supported a successful guerrilla movement
International diplomatic pressure led to a peaceful transfer of power
Portugal exhausted their resources on African nationalist movements
46
Which of the following contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa?
Increased standards of living among the peasantry
Declining involvement in foreign trade
Decreasing opium consumption
Pressure from a growing population
47
Which of the following factors challenged the nineteenth-century idea of “separate spheres” for women and men?
The Red Lantern movement
The participation of large numbers of women in electoral politics
The movement of more women into the paid labor force
The cult of domesticity
48
During the 1980s, which of the following was an effect of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?
USSR developed new weapons, used to crush the Polish Solidarity movement
Soviet citizens marched in support of the miltary invasion
The Soviet army lost prestige in the stalemate that developed.
India tested new nuclear weapons in fear of further Soviet expansion
49
The production of cash crops like coffee and sugar was based on which of the following forms of labor in 15-1600s
Small farms in western Africa
Peasan tlabor in South Asia and China
Slave labor on plantations in the Americas
Indentured servitude in eastern Europe
50
Which of the following was an outcome of the end of colonial rule in sub-Saharan Africa?
postcolonial states were divided into smaller ethnically homogeneous groups
Armed conflicts that started with the Cold War quickly died out.
Ethnic and religious rivalries came to a head
Rigid dictatorships stifled cultural and economic innovation.
51
What did the authoritarian political systems of Germany, Japan, and Italy have in common?
All were defeated in World War I.
All were excluded from the League of Nations.
All of them lost their colonies after the Versailles Treaty was signed.
All disliked the left-wing government that emerged in the Soviet Union.
52
What challenge did rising immigration in the latter twentieth century pose to nation-states in Europe and East Asia?
the legitimacy of their governments.
their control of their territory.
their ability to provide jobs for their populations.
their sense of national selfhood that was built on cultural homogeneity.
53
Which of the following European claims did the systematic implementation of the Nazi genocide challenge?
claimed that social Darwinism supported their racial superiority.
democratic political system was superior to all others.
liberal capitalism was the most efficient governmental and economic system.
science, technology, and an efficient bureaucracy would make life better
54
Which of the following resulted from late nineteenth-century industrial capitalism?
Acceleration of economic boom-and-bust cycles
Many small producers competing with each other
Decreasing disparities in accumulated wealth
Decreasing the number of agrarian poor
55
Which of the following is the reason that Tsar Nicholas II abdicated in February 1917?
his son was desperately ill and needed his father's care
the tsar and his generals disagreed about needing troops to fight Ottomans
his generals believed the protests in the capital deterred the war efforts
in response to protests over the failures of the Russian military
56
What was the cause of the OPEC oil embargo of 1973?
OPEC states were low on petroleum & needed to slow down oil consumption
to force increased exploration for petroleum and other energy resources
Threats of war in the Persian Gulf led to closing off the oil fields
to pressure Israel’s First World allies by halting oil exports to them.
57
In early-nineteenth-century industrial societies, why did migration to urban areas increase so rapidly?
There was a growing demand for factory workers in the cities.
Peasants wanted to avoid the rigid work discipline of the rural farms.
Cities provided free public education to their residents.
Cities offered more comfortable and modern housing.
58
How did Amnesty International respond to countries such as Argentina and Chile killing and torturing civilians?
By cataloguing and publicizing human right violations
By working with the Red Cross to send medical supplies to the prisoners
By supplying legal defense for the accused
By setting up a truth and reconciliation commission
59
What was a goal of the Mayans in the Yucatan peninsula when they revolted against the Mexican government in 1847?
They wanted political equality with other Mexicans.
They wanted political independence.
They wanted to retain the right to own their land individually.
They wanted complete cultural autonomy.
60
What military tactics, which became more common during the twentieth century, were implemented during the Anglo-Boer War
Machine guns and cavalry
Concentration camps and guerrilla campaigns
Spotter balloons and guerrilla campaigns
Poison gas and machine guns
61
The Taiping Rebellion was a nineteenth-century example of what Chinese tradition?
Violent uprisings by members of ethnic minority groups
Rejection of outside influences as inferior to Chinese ideas
Millenarian peasant revolts
Confucian codes of administration
62
Which Cold War event brought the world closest to nuclear war?
The Bay of Pigs invasion
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Prague Spring
The Battle of Dien Bien Phu
63
Calls for political revolution in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world relied on which of the following new ideas?
Nationalism and democracy.
Nationalism and mercantilism.
Absolutism and socialism.
Absolutism and capitalism.
64
Which of the following was an effect of US President Richard Nixon’s decision to take the dollar off the gold standard?
Nation-states like Italy & Britain tied their currencies to the US dollar.
International banks escaped the control of national political authorities
Second World nations found it harder to get loans from First World banks.
Japanese yen gained strength with corresponding decline in Swiss francs
65
What policy toward the world did the Zapatista Army for National Liberation (EZLN) express in its 1993 Declaration?
Support for international law and humanitarian organizations
Isolationism from the international community
A political union with other states in Latin America
A request for a U.S. intervention in Mexico supported by the UN
66
Which of the following developments contributed heavily to the growth of nationalism in nineteenth-century Europe?
The clergy’s support
An end to regional warfare
The revival of religious faith
The expansion of literacy and the periodical press
67
Which of the following nineteenth-century principles derived from the revolutions of the late eighteenth century?
Government by and for property-holding citizens
Monarchical absolutism
The emergence of international law
Mercantilism
68
Which of the following factors drove the consumption of commodities like coffee on a global scale?
increased demand in commercial products from Southeast Asia
strict edicts that curtailed such consumption, adding to its appeal
the development of social habits, customs, and rituals around the product
spiritual practices that fostered communal consumption of stimulants
69
During the early nineteenth century, which of the following led to a crisis in southern Africa?
Islamic reform movements challenging existing rulers
The introduction of opium by the British
Outbreaks of epidemic disease that depleted the population
Overpopulation that strained the region’s resource base
70
During the 1970s and 1980s, which of the following most significantly weakened the Soviet bloc?
Some of the Soviet bloc member-states defected to the Balkan alliance.
Religious warfare broke out within the Soviet bloc.
The Soviet bloc’s Western rivals outpaced the bloc economically.
Border disputes devastated the Soviet bloc.
71
Which of the following industries best represents the development of mass culture in the United States after World War I
The advertising industry
The railroad industry
The shipping industry
The steel industry
72
As the feminist movement became a global movement, women worldwide called for what changes to their status?
Subsidies for businesses owned by women
The abolition of gender differences
Equal pay and equal opportunity for advancement
Greater access to gender-specific education
73
During the 1920s and 1930s, most ideas about “being modern” acknowledged that modernity implied:
stylistic innovation.
mass production and consumption
strong, authoritarian leadership.
realism in art
74
Why was the launch of Sputnik significant in the context of the Cold War?
Western and Soviet scientists could collaborate on scientific projects.
Sputnik’s success led several states to leave NATO.
Sputnik’s success diminished the risk of nuclear war.
elevated the prestige of Soviet science to observers in the Third World.
75
Which of the following represents continuity in the effect of human activity between 19th & 20th centuries?
industrialized societies are the sites of the most forest loss since 1800s
increasing combustion of fossil fuels has increased greenhouse gases
human activity continues to account for a small fraction of Earth's warming
indigenous people have created strong resistance to climate change
76
In the late twentieth century, which type of states saw the most economic growth?
Those focused on the continued extraction of raw materials
Those with strong government support for domestic industries
Those with robust social welfare systems
Those with laissez-faire economic policies
77
1840-1914 which of the following led to large-scale migration within individual industrialized states’ boundaries
Factory jobs in urban centers
Laboring on plantations
Ethnic cleansing
Religious pilgrimages
78
Which regional trade group expanded its scope to include the creation of a new international currency?
The European Union
NAFTA
IMF
OPEC
79
In the Ottoman Empire, why did reform attempts, such as the Tanzimat, ultimately fail to produce revolutionary change?
Reforms relied too much on the personal whim of rulers.
Merchants refused to lend money to the Sultan to finance his reforms.
The clergy promoted change, but the military resisted it.
Landowners could not hire enough labor to grow crops for export.
80
Which of the following was a reaction to the worldwide environmental issues of the late 20th & 21st centuries?
third world took the leak in providing solutions for environmental decay
UN formed sanctions against states that harm the environment
NGOs protest against environmental degradation & multinational corporations
USSR and China passed strict laws to curb envrionmental decay
81
Which country had a similar pattern of passing acts to exclude Chinese or Japanese labor in the late 19th century?
Indonesia
Brazil
The United States
Italy
82
Which was a method that dominant elites used to spread their values and institutions throughout the nation-state?
Broadening public education in the national language
Making links with the working class through expanded suffrage
Creating local parliaments so that everyone had a say in government
Encouraging the preservation of local literature and folk tales
83
How did the worldview and strategy of Hong Xiuquan differ from those of reform leaders in the Muslim world?
Hong mobilized a rural base of support.
Women played important roles in the Taiping Rebellion.
Hong insisted on a strict code of conduct for his followers.
Hong fused foreign and domestic traditions to pursue his aims.
84
Which was a product of radical French revolutionaries who controlled the French government during the 1790s?
They declared France to be a constitutional monarchy.
a legal system based on reforming criminals instead of punishing them.
They abolished religion in all forms.
They established the world’s largest army.
85
Which of the following was a major consequence of World War I?
interdependence of global trade networks intensified in the 1920s and 1930s
European claimed superior level of culture supported by military victories.
Social hierarchies in European societies were shaken up or overthrown.
States were free to act without the support of their citizens or subjects.
86
Which of the following contributed most to British spheres of influence in China in the second half of the 19th century?
Missionary and merchant activity
the outcome of the mid-centruy Opium Wars
improved maritime technology
legal protection from the British Crown
87
What factor contributed most to Mexico’s Declaration of Independence in 1821?
Cooperation between creoles and peninsulares
Loss of faith in the Spanish king’s ability to rule effectively
Calls for redistribution of wealth & property among Amerindians & the poor
Cooperation between Mexican and South American elites
88
Under what circumstances did Benito Mussolini initially gain control of the Italian government?
He used intimidation tactics to force the prime minister to do his bidding.
Mussolini was appointed prime minister by the Italian king.
The Fascist Party overthrew the Italian government in a violent coup d’état
The Fascist Party achieved a large majority vote in national elections
89
Adam Smith is best known for promulgating which of the following economic theories?
anarchical syndicalism
mercantilism
socialism
capitalism
90
What was the Marshall Plan’s goal?
to build an “iron curtain” across Europe preventing expansion of communism.
to ensure that eastern European states would have communist governments
to humiliate the Soviets by showing how few resources the Soviets had
to limit the appeal of communism in Europe by providing grants
91
In the late 19th century, which of the following was an important initiative of the Chinese Self-Strengthening movement?
The development of coal mines and shipyards
Aligning Chinese culture with Western culture
The development of an expansive railway system
Territorial expansion in the southeast
92
Which of the following accurately characterizes the October 1917 Bolshevik Revolution?
initiated by the Ottomans in order to pull Russia out of World War I.
created by socialists to overtake the earlier “bourgeois” revolution.
an attempt by military and political elites to restore order.
an overthrow of the Russian monarchy.
93
In general, anticolonial nationalist movements wanted to:
use violent means to gain their independence from colonial rule.
rely on indigenous prophetic movements to oppose colonial control.
use their indigenous cultural/religious traditions to mobilize
use local religions as a model to lead to a better form of government
94
Cortés’s conquest and governance of New Spain is best understood as part of which of the following historical processes?
the Atlantic slave trade
The establishment of maritime empires
the reconquista
the establishment of land-based empires
95
Which of the following is a reason why some First World powers supported South Africa during the 1950s and 1960s?
South Africa was anticommunist.
South Africa was a strategic military and commercial outpost.
Johannesburg was an important center for global finance.
South Africa had developed a democratic society.
96
Which of the following is an example of a form of entertainment appealing to the masses at the end of the 1800s
Novels
Dancing
Opera
Sports
97
What helps to explains Irish antipathy to integration into Great Britain?
Grievances against England’s laissez-faire response to the 1840s Famine
Anti-colonial sentiment toward imperial policy in South and East Asia
Solidarity with the Scottish independence movement
Resistance to restrictive emigration policies by England
98
Which of the following was a reason that Europeans colonized Africa?
To live in healthier climates than those of industrialized European cities
To prevent Africans from converting to Islam
To acquire personal power and imperial glory
To assist in Africa’s industrialization
99
What new economic development permitted the accumulation of capital needed to invest in new industries?
The limited-liability, joint-stock company
Free trade with European empires
A national commercial bank
The restoration of the silver standard
100
What prevented the republic established in China in 1911 from gaining legitimacy?
Opposition from Chiang Kai-shek
Factional and regional conflicts
Opposition from the Guomindang
Lack of support from the military or rural elites

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