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AP World History
AP World History
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1
The 15th century was characterized by
The decentralization of political power in Spain
The beginning of nation-states in Italy and Germany
The strengthening of nation-states in England and France
2
The period of greatest population decline in Europe during the Middle Ages was
The 5th and 6th centuries
The 15th century
The 10th to 13th centuries
The 14th century
3
The end of the 20th century saw
Increased economic prosperity for Japan
The resolution of the problems of Palestinian refugees
A general decline in democracy throughout Latin America
Ethnic conflict in Russia and in Africa
4
The American and the French revolutions were alike in all of the following ways EXCEPT
They produced documents that defined similar natural rights
They were prompted by issues of taxation
They both brought increased political power for women
5
The world's most populous democracy is
The US
Great Britain
Canada
India
6
The area in which Islam showed the most change during the 7th to the 15th centuries was in
It's treatment toward People of the Book
The status of slaves
The role of women
The development of the shariah
7
South Africa
Saw the beginnings of racial divisions during colonial rule
Saw British enslavement of native peoples
Became an egalitarian society under Dutch rule
8
In contrast to the period following World War II
Saw inmediate independence for Europe's African colonies
Disregarded the Soviet war effort
Didn't produce a single defining peace treaty
9
As a result of the Opium War
The Qing dynasty over took to Ming
The Chinese silver supply was restored
The importation of opium to China increased
Great Britain acquired Hong Kong
10
The impact of regional trade on global trade in the 20th century was especially noticeable
On plantations during the imperialist age
During the revolution in Chiapas, Mexico
Before and during the Great Depression
After the establishment of NAFTA
11
The Communist ruler whose economic policies were most like those of Lenin was
Jiang Jieshi
Mao Zedong
Joseph Stalin
Deng Xiaoping
12
The key patterns of migration in the 20th and 21st centuries has been
From urban to rural areas
From war-torn areas to those at peace
From developing to developed nations
From rural to urban areas
13
During the classical period, Africa
Was cut off from global trade patterns
Repelled Christian missionary efforts
Saw new technology used in trans-Saharan travel
Lost contact with classical civilizations
14
East Asian nations are noted for the export of all of the following products EXCEPT
Automobiles
Heavy industry
Textiles
Films
15
Christianity
Taught the forgiveness of sins through faith in Jesus
Failed to utilize the public works of the Roman empire
Remained a religion of the Roman empire
Was not a missionary religion
16
The Mughal empire
Produced art and architecture that reflected syncretism
Controlled the entire Indian subcontinent
Failed to ease tensions between Hindus and Muslims in India
17
Early societies of South America
Developed societies that had no knowledge of metals
Built upon Mesoamerican cultural traditions
Traded widely with regions to their north
Was challenged by geographic limitations
18
The Indus Valley civilization
Is the best studied through it's written records
Was isolated from other River Valley civilizations
Relied heavily on communal planning
Declined after the arrival of Aryan invaders
19
The Netherlands established commercial/colonial interests in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Japan
Southern Africa
North America
Western Africa
20
Hinduism
Was based on traditions of the Harappan civilization
Offered no hope from members of lower castes
Gained little acceptance outside India
Addressed the consequences of one's behavior
21
The English and French engaged in rivalries over territory in
East Africa
North Africa
Indonesia
China
22
The Five Pillars
Are inattentive to distinctions in social class
Provide unity within Islam
Are included in the Quran
23
As a result of hemispheric trade between 1450 and 1750
The entire globe was linked by numerous active trade routes
European wealth and commercial dominance increased
The work of African artisans found new markets
24
Nationalism
Eased tensions within Austrian Empire
Brought tolerance for diversity within the Russian Empire
Delayed the unification of both Italy and Germany
Served as both a unifying and a divisive force
25
The Protestant Reformation
Spread due to advances in Chinese and European technology
Diminished the achievements of the Commercial Revolution
Became the basis of Enlightenment thought
Strengthened the authority of the papacy
26
Shang China
Was prevented by natural barriers from trading
Contributed to the development of China's central government
Was less urbanized than the Nile Valley civilization
Left no decipherable written records
27
Enlightenment thought
Resulted in harsher punishments for criminals
Treated children as miniature adults
Wasn't embraced by the woman's movement
Resembled renaissance thought
28
World trade during 1750 to 1914
Decreased the economic power of the west
Benefited western colonial powers
Strengthened Latin America's trade position
Brought greater prosperity to Chinatown than to the west
29
The Neolithic age
Saw the beginnings of urbanization
Produced societlies without class distinctions
Saw a decline in global populations
Saw agriculture carried out without the use of metal tools
30
The Aztec and Inca civilizations differed most significantly in their
Religious institutions
Technological skill
System of recordkeeping
Social structure
31
During the Gupta dynasty
The government of India became more centralized
Arabic numerals originated in India
Hinduism and Buddhism became the official religions of India
Slavery increased
32
Michael Gorbachev allowed all of the following EXCEPT
Democratic government
The protection of consumer goods
Discussion of government policies
Private land ownership
33
The agricultural revolution
began with an extensive pattern of cultural diffusion
Saw the use of agricultural methods that inspired migration
was an abrupt process beginning in 8000 BCE
occurred about the same time throughout the world
34
Within Africa, the slave trade
Promoted unity amoung African kingdoms
Decreased the value of women slaves
Had little effect on central African kingdoms
Increased African dependence on European nations
35
20th century intentions and accomplishments
Were sometimes detrimental to the quality of life
Popularized radio, especially in Europe
Did nothing to improve household chores
36
Japan's greatest challenge to industrialize was
Competition between the government and the zaibatsu
Lack of government cooperation
It's geography
Continued presense of the shogunate
37
The Brazilian independence movement
Produced a republic for Brazil
Resulted in the abolition of slavery
Was the result of the Napoleonic Wars
Involved a prolonged struggle with Portugal
38
The end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade
Received widespread support of African kings
Began with Brazil
Occurred about the time of the emancipation of Russian surfs
Was resisted by Great Britain
39
The Abbasid dynasty
Proved the high point of Muslim cultural achievement
Creates a social rift between Arabs and new converts
Healed the rift between Sunnis and Shi'ites
40
Spain didn't participate in World War II because
Its republican governmen feared a Fascist coup
It was still recovering financially from World War I
It had just endured a civil war
It feared Communist domination
41
Both the Mexican revolts of 1821 and 1910
We're initially Creol-backed movements
Involved resistance to foreign influence
Ended in the immediate establishment of a republic
42
Compared to the trans-Atlantic slave trade, that of eastern Africa
Involved only European nations
Also involved the plantation system
acquired slaves from coastal areas only
Didn't involve central Africa
43
Under Mongol rule in China
Chinese regional rulers were allowed to govern
Japan and Vietnam were brought under Mongol control
Chinese women were placed in a more subordinate position
Chinese educational traditions were maintained
44
Latin American trade
Relied on the increased slave trade of the late 19th century
Caused great Britain to support the Monroe doctrine
Decreased after the 1820s
Relied on exports of manufactured goods
45
Both the Protestant Reformation and the Enlightenment
Upheld church traditions
Lowered the status of women
Relied on reason over faith
Questioned political authority
46
The position of Chinese women
Was defined by Confucianism
Resulted in greater freedoms under Neo-Confucianism
Changed markedly between the 7th and 13th centuries
Was more restrictive under the Tang than under the Song
47
New scientific and artistic expressions in the west in the 19th century
Created new frontiers in physics
Supported traditional beliefs
Relied on reason in literacy expression
48
The French Revolution of 1789 and the Chinese revolt of 1911 were alike in that
They were initiated by the lower classes
They weren't Nationalist independence movements
They ended immediately in a dictatorship
They failed to achieve their goals
49
Muhammad
Built on the religious traditions of the Arabian Peninsula
Made provisions for the future leadership of Islam
Established clear class distinctions for Islamic society
50
Both the Aztecs and Incas
Integrated conquered peoples into their empire
Were originally nomadic people
Built on the traditions of their predecessors
Allowed women a significant role in public life
51
Early urban dwellers
Were offered few chances to carry out specialized tasks
Were dominated by people in agricultural settlements
Left the religious practices to agricultural peoples
Saw the need for a government
52
Daoism and Confucianism
Taught that political involvement was essential to a society
Disagreed on the need for personal reflection
Based their teachings on Chinese traditions
Agreed on the importance of education
53
During the period of the late Roman empire, Christianity
Became less organized as the empire fell
Appealed primarily to elite classes
Experienced a change in its official status
Declined in numbers because of persecutions
54
The nation that rose in power during World War I but declined in power during World War II was
Russia
Great Britain
Japan
Ottoman Empire
55
European explorations
Sought to break established trade monopolies
Promoted harmony among the nations of Europe
Concentrated on the Americas
Were dependent on European technological innovation
56
The Columbian exchange
Improved the nutrition of American indigenous peoples
Created both positive and adverse effects on population
Didn't involve Africa
Drew the world's oceans into an active trade network
57
Industrial revolution in Great Britain
Followed a similar revolution in the US
Received little government support
Initiated an interest in global trade
Was facilitated because of the enclosure movement
58
Which of the following was NOT true concerning the Green Revolution?
It disseminated pollutants
It was highly ineffective in increasing agricultural yeilds
It was an expensive solution to crop improvements
It reinforced class distinctions
59
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
Were global movements
Broke completely with classical traditions
Both held that reason could be used to improve humanity
60
Interactions between Muslims and Europeans during the 1600's are most commonly found in the
Atlantic ocean
Pacific ocean
Arctic Ocean
Indian Ocean
61
Medieval Europe
Produced urban areas that rivaled those of European empires
Developed banking institutions from multicultural contacts
Extended to local schools found on the manor
Saw the rise of universities
62
All of the following describe the Scientific Revolution EXCEPT that
It described the nature of the universe
It emphasized the value of research
It was modeled on Chinese philosophy
63
Economic imperialism
Didn't lead to direct political control over new territories
Was the most common imperialist model in Africa
Led to colonial dependence upon industrialized nations
Led to industrialization of Latin America
64
Compaired to the Viets, the Chinese were more
Agrarian
Interested in trade
Urbanized
Ethnically diverse
65
Among the common migration patterns in the 19th century was
middle-class migration from countryside to city
migration from Latin America to Mediterranean Europe
Migration for religious reasons
The discontinuation of shelter colonies
66
From the time of the Roman Republic to the Pax Romana
Roman civilization became increasingly weaker
The territory of Rome continued to expand
Rome became increasingly democratic
Roman citizenship became increasingly rare
67
World War I was considered a global conflict because
It was fought in both European and Pacific theaters
Warring powers held colonies that participated in the war
It involved battles on every continent
68
The Renaissance
What is a movement of uniquely Western origins
Represented a complete break from medieval traditions
Began in the Eastern Roman empire
Was a result of the crusades
69
Trade among the peoples of the Americas
United the Chimor and Inca people
Was facilitated in the Andes by geography
Was most similar in the Aztec and Toltec societies
Remained local
70
The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry
Was admired by the Vietnamese
Was mimicked by the Japanese
Weekend efforts to curb nomadic invasions
Declined during the Song Dynasty
71
The Eastern portion of the Roman empire
Competed with the Parthians and Sassanids for trade
Successfully restored the boundaries of the Western empire
Was a center of trade, art, and architecture
Didn't experience pressure from invaders
72
Which of the following was NOT used first during World War I?
Radar
Airplanes
Dirigibles
Tanks
73
European exploration through the mid-15th century
Suffered from a lack of technological expertise
Depended upon the knowledge of the eastern world
Produced intense rivalries with East Asian civilizations
Placed merchants in conflict with monarchs
74
Aztec and Inca religions
Placed women in a subordinate position
Restricted the worship of subject peoples
Reflected the agrarian nature of their respective societies
Stressed a personal relationship with their gods
75
The Black Death
Changed the course of political institutions
Originated in Europe
Spread solely along routes of Mongol conquest
Was most devastating in north Africa
76
The nation that saw a consistent rise in global influence during both world wars was
United States
France
Germany
China
77
The nation-state
Arose in Europe because of its diversity of cultural groups
Was incompatible with absolute monarchies
Was embraced by the Ottoman empire
Promoted harmony among Europeans
78
Russia's role in the 20th- century global conflicts included all of the following EXCEPT
Participation in the formation of the League of Nations
An ethnic-based alliance with Serbia
Creating opportunities for postwar influence on Europe
79
Which of the American peoples was closest to the Persians in their administrative style?
The Mississippians
The Mayas
The Aztecs
The Incas
80
The Ottoman Empire
Supported policies that benefited local artisans
Resisted economic reforms
Saw trade between non-Muslims and European merchants
Refused to accept foreign loans
81
The declining years of Han China and the Roman empire shared all of the following EXCEPT
Epidemic disease
Attack by powerful neighboring states
Unequal land distribution
Poor harvests
82
By the 21st century, almost all women across the globe
Were allowed to serve in combat in the Armed Forces
Had been granted the right to vote
Were granted educational opportunities equal to men
Were freed from traditional home making roles
83
Industrialization in Egypt
Gave new freedoms to lower classes
Was accomplished without government support
Decreased Egypt's dependency on the west
Resulted from disharmony in the Muslim world
84
Egyptian trade
Was dependent on the exportation of a single crop
Didn't suffer from competition with Europe
Improved as a result of Muhammad Ali's policies
Weakend after the opening of the Suez Canal
85
An example of Cold War brinkmanship is found in
The Cultural Revolution
The Cuban Missle Crisis
The Arabian-Israeli War
The Iran-Iraq War
86
Indian Ocean trade
Failed to establish connections with land routes
Linked all areas of the Indian Ocean basin except Africa
Saw mariners use the geographic forces of the Indian Ocean
Declined with the fall of classical empires
87
Colonialism in India
Decreased nationalist feelings among Indians
Was facilitated by the breakup of the Mughal Empire
Brought an end to tensions between Muslim and Hindus
88
Common to most early industrial nations was the development of
Railroads
Zaibatsu
Unions
Steel manufacturing
89
Silk road trade
Bypassed Mesopotamia
Was confined to land routes across Asia
Established links between the empires of Han China and Rome
Florished despite constant interferences from nomadic tribes
90
The African slave trade
Had no ties to Middle Eastern trade
Was abolished by the Dutch in southern Africa
Was limited to the Atlantic ocean
Was frequently the result of African rivalries
91
Confucianism and early Buddhism
Included a belief in nirvana
Did not believe that their founders were gods
Became the dominant philosophy of their respective regions
Emphasized the importance of effective government
92
Attempts to save the Roman empire from ruin included
The emancipation of Roman slaves
The division of the latifundia
The establishment of a new capital in the eastern empire
93
The trans-Atlantic slave trade
Increased after the establishment of sugar plantations
Carried more women than men
carried the majority of slaves to North America
94
Population patterns in the 19 century
Were affected by the Columbian exchange of the last period
Showed growth restricted to the Western world
Showed decline in east Asia and growth in Western Europe
showed limited growth among working classes
95
As a new faith, Islam gained strength
Because of rules of succession
Within portions of the former Roman Empire
First in Mecca, then throughout the Arabian peninsula
96
Inthe early years of industrial development
Women in Japan emerged from traditional roles
British woman lost jobs in domestic manufacturing
Married woman had more opportunities for clerical jobs
Spouses were given more opportunities to work together
97
One of the weaknesses of the early Muslim empires was
Disregard for the cultural traditions of conquered peoples
Indifference to the Sunni and Shi'ite split
Failure to resolve questions of succession
Insistance on conversion of non-Arabs within the empire
98
When the Portuguese first became involved in the slave trade
They were interested primarily in gold and spices
They created the African slave trade
They were amazed at the poverty of African kingdoms
They were on interested in Christianizing African peoples
99
Results of cultural diffusion among early civilizations included
The invention of the wheel
Harappan sewage systems
The cultivation of potatoes
The legend of Quetzalcoatl
100
The decline of Han China
Sae the end of Chinese established traditions
Like Rome, saw invaders permanently dominate the empire
Resulted in the decline of Buddhism in China
Saw Daoism, rather than Confucianism, gaining popularity
101
Which of the following leaders would have agreed most with the policies of Benito Mussolini?
Fidel Castro
V. I. Lenin
Nikita Khrushchev
Juan Peron
102
All of the following are true of communism after World War II EXCEPT that
It created a pause in the civil war in China
European countries were subjected to Soviet occupation
It produced a division of Korea
It spread to largely agricultural regions
103
Sugar plantations
Were the ultimate destination of the first Portuguese slaves
Especially valued slaves from Western Africa
Were initially founded in the Caribbean
104
Both Hinduism and Buddhism
None of the above
Became increasingly popular in India
Supported the caste system
Revered women
105
Japanese feudalism
United peasants and elite classes
Saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan
Brought a temporary end to internal conflicts
Revolve around the power of the samurai as warlords
106
Buddhism
Was the adopted faith of Gupta rulers
Opposed Confucian ideals of patriarchal families
Changed to teach that common people could reach nirvana
107
The Persians
Continued the traditions of ancient Mesopotamia
Were noted for their harsh treatment toward conquered people
Introduced a religion similar to the structure of Hinduism
Failed to establish a unified empire
108
The Ottoman empire
Reached its height around 1750
Was unsuccessful in controlling European territory
Unlike the Mughal empire, was not a gun powder empire
Weakend because its technology fell behind that of Europe
109
Greek society
Extended the democratic ideal by relying on free labor alone
Was disrupted by the conquest of Alexander
Was extended through overseas colonization
Was unified by the geography of the Greek peninsula
110
The Allied policy toward Hitler in the 1930's can best be described as one of
Containment
Appeasement
Confrontation
Indifference
111
All of the following Chinese traditions and achievements began under the Han dynasty EXCEPT
Paper manufacture
The civil service exam
Expansion into central Asia
Confucian philosophy
112
Lenin's New Economic Policy
Resulted in decreased agricultural production
Established collective farming
Forbade the ownership of private property
Allowed some elements of capitalism
113
Compared to the Spanish Empire, that of the Portuguese
Was less influenced by the Roman Catholic Church
Developed a better relationship with Indian inhabitants
Developed a more egalitarian society
Was more global in its extent
114
Earliest civilizations in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres were similar in
Their reliance on the flooding of major rivers
Their location at similar latitudes
Their practice of polytheism
Their technological knowledge
115
During the middle ages, the concept of limited government with the most clearly in
Italy
Germany
England
France
116
The rule of classical India included
The Aryan writing language
The egalitarian Aryan society
Aryan agricultural knowledge
Vedic traditional literature
117
Early medieval Europe's strongest state was
France
England
The Holy Roman Empire
The Papal States
118
The early civilization with the least-developed technology was
Egyptian
Mesoamerican
Harrapan
Sumerian
119
The decline of Gupta India
Resulted in the decline of traditional Indian culture
Occurred without pressure from invading peoples
Didn't result in the fragmentation of the country
Saw the increased power of local princes
120
The Egyptian civilization was similar to the Sumerian civilization in
Its extent to which its culture was diffused
Its reliance on natural defense barriers
Its political structure
Its system of social stratification
121
An example of diffusion rather than independent invention is the
Mayan concept of zero as a place holder
Origin of the Greek alphabet
Sumerian use of the wheel
Cultivation of the banana in southeast Asia
122
During the agricultural revolution, women
Observed and studied the agricultural environment
Experienced a decrease in status
Participated in hunting activities with men
Weren't represented in neolithic art
123
The declining years of the Qing dynasty saw
The long-term acceptance of the self-strengthening movement
The end of the opium trade
Invasion by nomadic people north of the Great Wall
The influence of foreign nations
124
The Protestant and Catholic reformations were like in there
Abandonment of church traditions
Emphasis on education
Reliance on church councils
Views towards papal authority
125
Mercantilism
Sparked further rivalries among European nations
Brought long-term prosperity to Europe
Supported free trade
Encouraged the importation of foreign goods
126
The natives of North America
Build empires on the scale of those of Mesoamerica
Established tribute empires
Used architectural designs similar to those of Mesoamerica
127
The influence of nomadic peoples in Eurasia
Brought efficient administration to Eurasia
Created a relationship between nomads and settled peoples
Delayed the interaction of global commercial networks
Ended with the Mongols
128
Under both the Han and Roman empires
A time of peace settled over both empires
Imperial roads were connected to the Silk Roads
All of the above
New territories were added to the empire
129
The European union
Established a currency used by all its members
Has the same basic purpose as NAFTA
Originated with Great Britain
Doesn't adjust tariffs outside the European community
130
African kingdoms in the period from 1450 to 1750
Frequently enslaved their own people
Featured monarchs ruled without advisers
Participated in slave trade before the arrival of Europeans
Like the Chinese, weren't interested in European trade goods
