What was ONE effect of the Protestant Reformation?

The Catholic Church lost some of its power

Which statement about the encomienda system is true?

It contributed to the deaths of many Native Americans.

Of raw material that can be bought and sold

What were the economies of the Southern colonies based upon?

Large plantations that grew cash crops & used slave labor

Why did so many natives die from European diseases?

Natives did not have immunities to these diseases

How did feudalism achieve the goal of security?

By maintaining a strict social hierarchy

What was one effect of Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca?

Trade between Mali & Europe increased

a large area of flat frozen land in the Arctic

What were viceroyalties?

Territories in the Americas owned by Spain

What is slash and burn agriculture?

clearing a burning fields or forests to plant crops

Why was humanism important during the Renaissance?

It encouraged free thought and new ideas.

What happened during the first part of the triangular trade route?

Europeans exchanged goods for enslaved Africans.

Why was the introduction of smallpox devastating to Native Americans?

they lacked inherited immunity to the disease

What is a Constitution?

A rulebook for a country’s government

Why did Europeans decide to explore new trade routes to Asia?

They didn't want to pay high prices to merchants in Middle East

How did feudalism affect the medieval European economy?

Serfs exchanged their crops for land and protection.

List the Middle colonies

New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware

How did the spread of Islam affect the kingdom of Ghana?

As more people converted, Muslim empires took over Ghana’s trade.

How long was the Middle Passage?

6 weeks to 3 months; 5,000 miles

Name 2 major Mayan developments:

A calendar and a hieroglyphic writing system

5 Original Tribes of the Iroquois League

Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, & Seneca

What was the Colombian Exchange?

Exchange of plants & animals between Europe & the New World

List the Northern Colonies:

New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut

What is the Northwest Passage?

Supposed water route through N. America to Asia

What was an encomienda?

a grant allowing Spanish settlers to exact tribute & labor from natives

Why was a hierarchy established in Europe during the Middle Ages?

to maintain order between warring kingdoms

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US History 1st Semester Midterm Review

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Answers

1
What was ONE effect of the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther became the Pope
Scientific Revolution spread ideas
Roman Catholic Church gained power
The Catholic Church lost some of its power
2
Who constructed Machu Picchu?
Picchus
Incas
Mayans
Machus
3
Which statement about the encomienda system is true?
It gave Native Americans an esteemed position in society.
It contributed to the deaths of many Native Americans.
It paid Native Americans a fair wage for their labor.
It resulted in an end to the international slave trade.
4
What is a commodity?
Items that can be purchased through the World Wide Web
Common products
Any product worth money
Of raw material that can be bought and sold
5
Mrs. D's biggest pet peeve...
Driving slow in left-hand lane
I could care less
I couldn't care less
Loud chewing
6
What were the economies of the Southern colonies based upon?
Fishing, shipbuilding, & manufacturing
Large plantations that grew cash crops & used slave labor
Trading, fishing, and shipbuilding
Lumber, mining, and coal mines
7
Why did so many natives die from European diseases?
Natives did not have good medicines
Natives did not have immunities to these diseases
Natives did not have enough food
Natives did not have good weapons
8
How did feudalism achieve the goal of security?
By raising taxes on serfs and peasants
By creating large standing armies
By maintaining a strict social hierarchy
By establishing a state religion
9
What was one effect of Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca?
The gold trade ended
The African language spread
Trade between Mali & Europe increased
Military leaders took Mali
10
Pacifists are people who
sail in the Pacific Ocean
explore new territories
serve in government office
refuse to fight in wars
11
What colony is the oldest permanent English colony in North America
Roanoke
Boston
St Augustine
Jamestown
12
What is a tundra?
a type of truck
a large area of flat frozen land in the Arctic
high mountains in the Arctic
a large, lush forest
13
What were viceroyalties?
Territories in N. America owned by Europe
Territories in the Americas owned by the Pope
Territories in the Americas owned by Spain
Territories in S. America owned by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
14
the sole owner and ruler of a colony
Peter Stuyvesant
patroon
pacifist
proprietor
15
What is slash and burn agriculture?
Using high input farming methods to get the maximum yield
Burning diseased crops to prevent the spread of infection
clearing a burning fields or forests to plant crops
burning the previous years crops left over to replenish soil
16
In feudal societies during the Middle Ages in Europe, which group of people did the farming?
Lords
Knights
Serfs
Kings
17
Why was humanism important during the Renaissance?
It gave the Catholic Church more power.
It encouraged free thought and new ideas.
It led to medical advances and disease prevention.
It confirmed the power of the manor system.
18
What happened during the first part of the triangular trade route?
Europeans exchanged goods for enslaved Africans.
Slave ships traveled from West Africa to the Americas.
Europeans transferred plants and animals to the Americas.
Europeans traveled to Europe with goods from the Americas.
19
What are examples of cash crops?
peanut butter & jelly
grain, tobacco, wheat
rice, indigo, tobacco
collard greens & corn bread
20
Why was the introduction of smallpox devastating to Native Americans?
they lacked a basic understading of the germ theory
they refused to accept treatment from explorers
they lacked inherited immunity to the disease
21
When was slavery abolished in the USA?
1812
1776
1492
1865
22
Which European navigator first discovered a route to india by sailing around the tip of Africa?
Batholomeu Dias
Vasco de Gama
Christopher Colombus
Francesco Ubertini
23
What is a Constitution?
A rulebook for a country’s government
The rights of citizens
A list of forbidden acts for citizens
A list of values of a nation
24
What religion did North African traders spread to West Africa?
Anglicanism
Zoroastrianism
Islam
Judaism
25
Why did Europeans decide to explore new trade routes to Asia?
They didn't want to pay high prices to merchants in Middle East
They wanted to get out of the manor system
They didn't
Because they had new sailing technology to test out
26
What is a "civilization"?
A complex society
A newly conquered land
A tribe of hunter-gatherers
A small band of villagers
27
What colony was established by Puritans?
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Plymouth Rock
Massachusetts
28
How did feudalism affect the medieval European economy?
Serfs protected the land and gave their loyalty to the king.
Serfs exchanged their crops for land and protection.
Knights protected economic exchanges with other kingdoms.
Church officials and noblemen set prices for goods.
29
What was the purpose of Christopher Columbus' voyage?
find new trade route to Asia
take gifts from Spain to India
be the first to cross the Atlantic
prove that the world was round
30
Which CURRENT state is the home of the ancient Mississippian's Cahokia Mounds?
Minnesota
Mississippi
Florida
Illinois
31
What is the oldest permanent European colony in North America?
Jamestown
St. Augustine
Roanoke
Massachusettes Bay Colony
32
Which religion had a unifying effect on medieval Europe?
Catholicism
Judaism
Protestantism
Islam
33
List the Middle colonies
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
NY, NJ, CT, RI, Delaware
New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Georgia
34
How did the spread of Islam affect the kingdom of Ghana?
As al-Bakri observed, Islam united Ghana’s capital.
As more people converted, Muslim empires took over Ghana’s trade.
As salt started losing value, Muslim empires were able to profit.
As princes grew more powerful, people converted to Islam.
35
What European movement in the 1400s revived interest in classical Greek and Roman culture?
Christianity
Crusades
Reformation
Renaissance
36
What period did the Mayan people live?
1100- 1535 AD (CE)
1200- 400 BC (BCE)
100-800 AD (CE)
250- 900 AD (CE)
37
Which group was at the bottom of medieval hierarchy?
vassals
Church officials
Serfs
Knights
38
How long was the Middle Passage?
6 weeks to 3 months; 5,000 miles
6 to 9 months; 70,000 miles
3 to 6 months; 200 miles
4 to 8 weeks; 30 miles
39
Name 2 major Mayan developments:
Geometry and a hieroglyphic writing system
A calendar and a hieroglyphic writing system
A calendar and geometry
A hieroglyphic writing system and roads/bridges
40
Which of the following is a GEOGRAPHICAL reason for a successful trade centre?
Traders come from all over the world
Laws made to support merchants
Centre has many boats
Along waterways
41
Which natural resource were the economies of Ghana, Mali and Songhai based upon?
iron
copper
Silver
gold
42
5 Original Tribes of the Iroquois League
Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, & Seneca
Inca, Moche, Olmec, Maya, & Aztec
Algonquian, Oneida, Onondaga, Maya, & Pueblo
Mohawk, Iroquois, Pueble, Ute, & Seneca
43
What was the last English colony established?
Georgia
New Jersey
North Carolina
Virginia
44
What was the Colombian Exchange?
None of the above
Relationship between Columbus and the French
Economic policy in which nations gained wealth through trade
Exchange of plants & animals between Europe & the New World
45
Who gave away gold and other luxuries on a pilgrimage to Mecca?
Sundiata Keita
Mansa Musa
the Yoruba
The Songhai people
46
List the Northern Colonies:
Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Massachusetts
New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania
47
What city in the West African kingdom of Mali became a center for culture and learning under a king named Mansa Musa?
Timbuktu
Ghana
Goa
Songhai
48
The Iroquois League was created to....
fight crime in the tribe
create a lasting peace
fight wars
trade in goods
49
What is the Northwest Passage?
Landbridge from Russia to the Americas
Sea route around South America
Supposed water route through N. America to Asia
Supposed water route to Asia by sailing around Africa
50
What was an encomienda?
a set of laws governing treatment of war captives
a grant allowing Spanish settlers to exact tribute & labor from natives
a monetary system that encouraged payment in goods & services
an ecosystem that supported plantation economies
51
Why was a hierarchy established in Europe during the Middle Ages?
to follow rules decreed by the Church
to protect people from the bubonic plague
to allow people to move freely in society
to maintain order between warring kingdoms
52
What were the economies of the Middle Colonies based on?
fishing, lumbering, manufacturing
Agriculture & craftsmanship
tobacco, rice, and indigo
large plantations & slave labor
53
The colony of Roanoke
The strongest and richest colony
The oldest European settlement in N America
The colony disappeared at the first attempt of colonization
A colony part of Mexico
54
Why did the Americas have different plants and animals than Europe, Asia, & Africa?
People in the Eastern Hemiphere preferred trading to agriculture
Europe, Asia, & Africa developed extensive trade routes earlier.
People in the Americas prefered different plants & animals
The 2 hemispheres developed in isolations from each other
55
What was one positive effect of the Colombian Exchange?
Disease transferred back and forth from America to Europe
Horses were introduced to Europe
New food were introduced to Europe & to the Americas
Bison were brought to North America
56
What colony was established for debtors?
Georgia
Virginia
South Carolina
Maryland
57
In the feudal system, who were vassals?
Poor farmers who worked the land
Lower noblemen who were loyal to kings & paid taxes
Ultimate rulers of large kingdoms
Wandering warriors who fought for a price
58
What was one negative of the Colombian exchange?
New livestock
New trade
New plants
New diseases
59
How do primary sources such as travel journals help people understand human history?
They are written in modern language
They are written by people who lived through the described events.
They match what modern-day historians think about past events
They are based on secondary sources.
60
Which of the following dates would have taken place during the Middle Ages?
850 CE
300 BCE
1700 CE
1500 BCE
61
What is a cash crop?
A crop that is grown to sell for money
A crop that costs the farmers a lot of cash
62
Who were the conquistadors
Spanish explorers that conquered land
French resistance during the Revolution
A secret spy force in Ireland
The name of people that were against the Reformation
63
Which of the following events led to the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe?
The Fall of Rome
The Collapse of Greece
The Black Death
The Crusades
64
Which group was the most powerful in the Spanish colonies?
Native Americans
Mestizos
enslaved Africans
Spanish born people and Creoles.
65
What occurred during the Columbian Exchange?
The creation of colonies in India
The old and new world forming alliances against Germany.
Trading between Africa and India
The old and new world exchanging animals, food, and plants
66
What are watershed lands?
areas are known for fur trading
areas that remain unexplored
areas used to transport goods
areas drained by rivers
67
Definition of domestication?
Belief in that everything and phenomena in nature is divine.
Process of taming wild animals and/or plants for human use.
Spreading of ideas/languages/beliefs/culture.
Belief in many gods.
68
Who led a movement in the 1500s that resulted in Protestants splitting from the Catholic Church?
Michelangelo
Leonardo de Vinci
Martin Luther
Johann Gutenberg
69
Why did the transatlantic slave trade devastate entire cultures?
European landowners kept people from the same communities together.
Raiders captured young and productive members of the communities.
European merchants increased demand for a short time.
Raiders burned and destroyed villages as they moved from place to place.
70
What motivated Europeans and Asians to trade with Mali?
Interest in learning to read Arabic
reforms under Askia Mohammed's rule
stories about Mansa Musa's great generosity
Sundiata's prosperous empire
71
What was the Middle Passage?
the transportation of slaves from Africa to the Americas
the exchange of diseases between colonists and natives
the exchange of goods between Europe the colonies
the transportation of settlers to the New World from Europe
72
What is matrilineal?
Males trace their lineage through their father
Children trace their ancestry through their mother
Females cannot become rulers
Females are not permitted to marry until age 21
73
Why did the Spanish establish missions in the Americas?
to introduce livestock techniques to Native Americans
to prevent landowners from abusing Native Americans
Possible Answer to teach Native Americans how to mine for gold
to convert Native Americans to Christianity
74
What was an effect from the collapse of the Roman Empire?
The growth of towns that expanded Europe's trade
An increase in education.
Kings that distributed land to the serfs
A lack of central government that led to the rise of kingdoms
75
Which colony was established for Catholics to practice their religion?
Massachusetts
Georgia
Delaware
Maryland
76
How did Bartolomé de Las Casas help Native Americans?
Asked the Slaves for help
Asked the Natives for help
Asked the Queen for help
Asked the King for help
77
List the southern colonies
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,Virginia, and Maryland.
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,Florida, Virginia, and Maryland.
Pennsylvania, North & South Carolina, Maryland
Georgia, Florida, Maryland
78
What is Canon Law?
Rules used in a war
those laws by which the Church is governed
Rules for firing a cannon
Directions on how to use a camers
79
Which is a similarity between Francisco Pizarro and Hernan Cortes?
They established colonies on behalf of Portugal
They unearthed large deposits of precious metals
They caused the collapse of indigenous civilizations
They discovered new water routes to the West Indies
80
Why was the European encounter with the Americas significant?
The Americas had agricultural advances that the Europeans needed.
Europe needed the interaction to finally boost their economy.
The Americas were too divided before the Europeans arrived.
Formerly isolated areas were now connected to a global network.
81
What is a charter?
A new colony in the Americas
Document giving colonists the permission to settle an area
The document created by the Mayflower Compact
A list of values of a colony
82
What was the African Diaspora?
When European nations divided African kingdoms
When European nations conquered African kingdoms
When enslaved Africans received their freedom
When enslaved Africans were sent all across the New World
83
Which of the following was a result of the Crusades?
Religious tolerance between different cultures
increased trade between Europe & Mediterranean region
Decrease in unrest between serfs & landowners
Decrease in cultural exchange between Europe & rest of the world
84
Why did Europeans search for sea routes around Africa to Asia in the 1400s?
To market salt
To spread Judaism
To expand trade
To spread Islam
85
What did humanists during the Renaissance encourage?
Biblical scripture
established ideas
freedom of thought
the Pope's authority
86
What was the Great Awakening?
A spirtual and religious revival in the 18-century American colonies
A Puritan town meeting
The Enlightenment that occurred in the 18-century American colonies
A protest against religious freedom
87
What were the Conquistadors looking for in the Americas?
Silver mines
New trading partners
Medicine
Gold and power
88
7. What advantage did capturing Constantinople give the Turks in the mid-15th century?
Turkish and Asian merchants exchanged goods with Europeans
Asian traders decided to stop flowing goods into Europe
European traders earned higher profits for their goods
Turks had complete control of trade routes that connected Europe to Asia
89
What did Ferdinand Magellan accomplish?
His voyage was the first to sail around the world
First to sail around Africa and reach India
First to cross the Atlantic
Discovered the Cape of Good Hope in Africa
90
What were the economies of the Northern colonies based upon?
Fishing, lumber, & shipbuilding
Trade, slave labor, & farming
Sugar, gold, silver
Manufacturing & mining

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