Self Concept consists of:

social roles, individual attitudes, and others self-evaluation

Which of the following toddlers is engaging in a gross motor skill?

Edward, who is crawling up the stairs on all fours.

Which of the following describes the Babinski reflex?

When the sole of the foot is stroked, the toes fan and curl.

The Behaviourist (or learning) model of human development claims that

all behaviour is learnt and shaped by the environment.

Negative reinforcement

increases the likelihood a behaviour, whether desirable or undesirable

Schemes (or schemas) in Piaget's theory are

Groupings of thoughts, actions, ideas and representations

The preoperational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development begins when a child is able to

form mental representations of objects and events

Which of the following is an example of task-based coping?

problem-solving the situation and coming up with some specific options

Which of the following is considered a stage theory?

Erikson's psychosocial theory of development

A non-normative event?

may occur at any stage of the lifespan

All of the following help to maintain good cognitive functioning in later life except

limiting the need to adapt to new circumstances

The "self" is largely a part of our conscious personality. Self identity is:

often determined by the social role we hold in society eg cultural roles

Which of the following statements about self-concept is true?

Begins in infancy w/ self recognition/knowing they are seperate from others

Negative thoughts about the self can lead to

an increased risk of health problems

Denial often occurs when individuals face an unexpected and difficult reality, sudden loss or shock. This response is

a defence or coping mechanism, and a form of unconscious coping.

What did the Strange Situation Classification (SSC) investigate?

how attachments might vary between children

Which of the following factors need to be considered as part of a thorough ante-natal assessment? A nurse/midwife should

first/subsequent pregnancy, obstetric history, and use of substances

Domains of developmental growth?

refer to physical, cognitive and psychosocial development.

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?

getting goose bumps when hearing music in a horror movie

What are the three patterns of attachment for an infant/toddler in observation of strange situtations

Secure attachment, anxious-resistant attachment, anxious avoidant attachmen

The term "attachment" in child development means:

the strong affectional tie between a child and its caregiver

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Human Relationships & Life Transition

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UWS Bachelor of Nursing 2019 Weekly Revision Quizzes

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Questions 79

Answers

1
Self Concept consists of:
social roles, individual attitudes, and others self-evaluation
what we think of ourselves only
our social position only
what others think about us
2
Which of the following toddlers is engaging in a gross motor skill?
Edward, who is crawling up the stairs on all fours.
Erica, who is looking at a popup book and laughing uproariously.
Cat, who is on the rug and methodically picking up every piece of lint
Stuart, who is licking the melting ice cream off the sides of a cone.
3
Which of the following describes the Babinski reflex?
When there's a loud noise, the infant has a startle response.
When held upright, the infant lifts its leg in a stepping motion.
When the sole of the foot is stroked, the toes fan and curl.
When the cheek is stroked, the infant turns in that direction
4
The Behaviourist (or learning) model of human development claims that
all behaviour is learnt and shaped by the environment.
all behaviour is biologically determined.
all behaviour is based on unconscious processes.
all behaviour is a combination of unconscious processes
5
Negative reinforcement
decreases the likelihood a behaviour, whether desirable or undesirable
makes no difference to the likelihood a behaviour
increases the likelihood a behaviour, whether desirable or undesirable
is the same as punishment
6
The micro level in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory would include which of the following?
A judge who grants a request for a child to be placed in foster care
The parental relationship
A social worker who works with children in custody matters
The society's belief that social media is here is stay
7
A early sign of cognitive development in infancy (between 0 and 1 years) includes which of the following?
searching for lost objects
problem solving
reading
pretend (or symbolic) play
8
A young child believes that "all furry four-legged animals" are dogs. This is an example of
Object Permanence
Accomodation
Adaptation
Assimilation
9
Eriksons Stages: initiative versus guilt
crisis of middle age
Crsis of adolences
crisis of young adulthood
crisis of early childhood
10
Eriksons Stages: generativity versus stagnation
Crsis of adolences
crisis of middle age
crisis of early childhood
crisis of young adulthood
11
Schemes (or schemas) in Piaget's theory are
strategies of reinforcement
Groupings of thoughts, actions, ideas and representations
assimilation and accommodation
early reflexes
12
The preoperational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development begins when a child is able to
group objects into logical categories, taking many factors into account
tell that 2 things have the same amount , even though they look different
apply specific logical operations to answer questions correctly
form mental representations of objects and events
13
Which of the following is an example of task-based coping?
problem-solving the situation and coming up with some specific options
writing an essay
listening
crying
14
Bill lifts his head before he crawls. What principle of physical development is Bill demonstrating?
the proxomodistal principle
the gross motor principle
the cephalocaudal principle
the caudocephalic principle
15
Which of the following is considered a stage theory?
the domains of physical, cognitive and psychosocial development
Bronfenbenner's socio-cultural model of development
the concept of lifelong growth
Erikson's psychosocial theory of development
16
A non-normative event?
may occur at any stage of the lifespan
only occurs in older age
only occurs in childhood
only occurs in adulthood
17
All of the following help to maintain good cognitive functioning in later life except
personal satisfaction with one's accomplishments
living in favourable circumstances
limiting the need to adapt to new circumstances
absence of cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases
18
The "self" is largely a part of our conscious personality. Self identity is:
determined by cultural identity only
often determined by the social role we hold in society eg cultural roles
determined by our age and first name
a cognitive structure that can include content (social roles) or attitude
19
Eriksons Stages: intimacy versus isolation
crisis of middle age
Crsis of adolences
crisis of early childhood
crisis of young adulthood
20
Infant attachment is the beginning of a process of which sort of development?
Moral
Social, or Psychosocial
Sociocultural
Physical
21
Erikson's first developmental stage occurs during the first year of life where others must satisfy a baby's needs.
trust versus mistrust
breastfeeding for the first 12 months
autonomy versus shame and doubt
autonomy versus guilt
22
Which of the following is an example of emotion-based coping?
resigning from an organisation because they endorse animal testing.
crying
seeking a second specialist opinion on a health issue.
writing a letter of complaint to request refund for an item broken
23
True or False: Children begin to construct their sense of self in infancy with ideas based on large social categories
False
True
24
‘Social behaviour’ refers to the ways in which we:
interact with others
a teratogen
the strong affectional tie between a child and its caregiver
length of a pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual period
25
Processed & rawmeats, soft cheeses and cold chicken should be avoided in pregnancy to prevent contracting which bacteria
teratogeniosis
toxoplasmosis
malaria
listeria
26
Which of the following statements about self-concept is true?
Begins at birth with the infant recognising familiar sights and smells
Self concept begins in childhood through self-awareness and play
Begins in infancy w/ self recognition/knowing they are seperate from others
Self concept develops in adolescence as children gain more independence
27
As one ages, crystallised intelligence is likely to___________________, while fluid intelligence tends to ______________
increase until age forty and then decrease; increase.
decrease; remain the same.
decrease after adolescence; increase.
remain stable; decrease.
28
The stage of labor in which the mother pushes and which culminates in the birth of a baby is:
The second stage of labor
The phase of "transition" in the birthing process
The third stage of labor
The first stage of labor
29
In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the 2 processes that together control how a child deals with new experienc
perception and accommodation
assimilation and accommodation
anticipation and orientation
sense of self and cognition
30
Erikson's theory emphasises the importance which sort of development across the life span?
Emotional
Cognitive
Physical
Psychosocial
31
Negative thoughts about the self can lead to
an increased risk of health problems
health problems in the cognitive areas only
no known risk of health problems
mental illness
32
Denial often occurs when individuals face an unexpected and difficult reality, sudden loss or shock. This response is
a defence or coping mechanism, and a form of unconscious coping.
a super mechanism
an abnormal response to change.
a defence or coping mechanism, and a form of conscious coping.
33
Are infants capable of self-recognition and self-awareness?
Yes
No
34
What did the Strange Situation Classification (SSC) investigate?
how attachments vary in the lifespan
how attachments might vary between children
35
What factor is most important in the development of expertise?
Creativity
Age
Experience
Gender
36
The approximate age at which women undergo menopause is 45 years.
True
False
37
Which of the following factors need to be considered as part of a thorough ante-natal assessment? A nurse/midwife should
assess if the mother has had an amniocentesis if she is over 35.
The nurse/midwife should assess obstetric history only.
assess foetal heartbeat only
first/subsequent pregnancy, obstetric history, and use of substances
38
According to Bowlby, infants form specific, clear-cut attachments to specific people at which of the following ages?
over three years old
7 - 24 months old
2 - 7 months old
birth to 2 months old
39
According to Erikson, the crisis faced by school-aged children (6-12 years) is:
initiative versus guilt
trust versus mistrust
industry versus inferiority
industry versus guilt
40
A pre-term or premature infant is one born before which gestational period?
an infant born before 38 weeks
an infant born before 37 weeks
infant born before 25 weeks
infant born before 28 weeks
41
Domains of developmental growth?
starts before birth and continues throughout life
is formed before self-concept
refer to physical, cognitive and psychosocial development.
the process for exploring human continuity and change
42
According to Piaget, in which of the following stages do children use symbolic thinking to understand the world?
concrete operational (7-11 yrs)
formal operational (12+ years)
sensorimotor (birth-2 yrs)
Preoperational (2-6 yrs)
43
Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?
getting goose bumps when hearing music in a horror movie
moving your hand away after touching a hot stove
salivating while sucking a sour lolly
waking up when an alarm goes off
44
What are the three patterns of attachment for an infant/toddler in observation of strange situtations
Secure attachment, insecure attachment, anxious attachment
Secure attachment, anxious-resistant attachment, anxious avoidant attachmen
Insecure, attached and detached attachment
Secure attachment, attached and detached attachment
45
By the second year of life a securely attached child will have developed a basic sense of
industry and inferiority
trust versus mistrust
autonomy and guilt
identity
46
"Who am I?" becomes a critical question in adolescence. Erikson suggested this was resolved in the developmental stage:
industry v inferiority
identity v role confusion
trust v mistrust
autonomy v shame and doubt
47
A parental childrearing style exerts a high degree of control but is also responsive to the child's thoughts & feelings
Univolved
Authoritarian
Authoriatative
Permissive
48
Which psychologist devised an assessment technique called the Strange Situation Classification (SSC)
John Bowlby
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
Mary Ainsworth
49
The term "attachment" in child development means:
the strong affectional tie between a child and its caregiver
a teratogen
interact with others
length of a pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual period
50
Infertility is the term used to explain the inability to conceive after how many months of unprotected intercourse?
Ten years
12 months
6 months
Five years
51
Erikson's psychocial theory and Vaillant's stages of adult coping are both normative-crisis theories.
False
True
52
One major reason for communication difficulties that sometimes occur between people of different cultures is that
most people are intentionally rude to people from other cultures
diversity of behavioural expression, therefore misunderstandings can occur
people from different parts of the world have different levels of self-este
people from different cultures have very little in common socially
53
The process a child uses to modify existing knowledge structures (schemas) as a result of exposure to new information
Accomodation
Schema Building
Compensation
Assimilation
54
Which of the following infant reflexes are considered to be "survival" reflexes?
moro reflex, yawning reflex and tonic head reflex
breathing reflex, sucking reflex, and swallowing reflex.
pupillary reflex, eyeblink reflex and stepping reflex
sucking reflex, babinski reflex and grasping reflex.
55
At the macrosystem level of Bronfenbrenner's approach, one might examine
Sibling relationships
parent-teacher relationships
mother-infant bonding
social and cultural beliefs and practices of a society
56
What is an example of a non-normative event or circumstance?
may differ from the experience of the minority of people in any life stage
does not differ from experiences of other people in other life stages
something that does not differ from any other normative event
may differ from the experiences of the majority of people in any life stage
57
It is recommended that pregnant women avoid consumption of alcohol. What is a safe level of alcohol consumption?
One or two glasses of low alcohol wine only is permitted each week
No alcohol to be consumed from several weeks before conception is planned
A safe level of alcohol consumption depends on the individual women
After pregnancy is confirmed by a pregnancy test
58
The idea that objects continue to exist even when they are hidden from view which develops in the sensorimotor stage is
Object Permanence
Symbolic Play
peek-a-boo
Object Relevance
59
An Apgar score given to a newborn at birth assesses which is the following?
heart rate, efforts to breathe, muscle tone, skin colour and moro reflex
heart rate, efforts to breathe, muscle tone, skin colour and reflex irritab
heart rate, efforts to breathe, muscle tone
heart rate and muscle tone
60
To prevent supine, hypotensive syndrome in the 2nd/3rd trimester of pregnancy, a woman should be encouraged to lie
the upright position
the lateral recumbent position
the prone position
the supine position
61
Eriksons Stages: Identity versus role confusion
crisis of early childhood
Crsis of adolences
crisis of middle age
crisis of young adulthood
62
At approximately what age can an infant roll from stomach to back or side, pull up with assistance, and sit with assista
0 to three months
three to six months
over 12 months
nine to twelve months
63
What is the main difference between negative reinforcement and punishment?
Punishment has physical consequences, whereas negative reinforcement doesn'
There is no difference between these two concepts
Negative reinforcement always adds a stimulus, whereas punishment takesaway
Negative reinforcement strengthens behaviour, whereas punishment suppresse
64
Which of the following is considered to be an example of changes in a child's cognitive domain?
An increase in fertility during adolescence.
Making friends at school.
Learning to first communicate, and later to read.
Experiencing a growth spurt in childhood.
65
The term "gestation" is used to
a teratogen
interact with others
the strong affectional tie between a child and its caregiver
length of a pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual period
66
Stranger anxiety typically occurs at what age?
over twelve months.
at birth.
between six and nine months of age
between three and six months of age.
67
What can reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
Let the child sleep with you
Wrap the child up in a couple blankets (even in summer)
Make sure the door is open so you can hear the child breathing
Put the child on their back to sleep and keep her face uncovered.
68
The idea that objects continue to exist even when they are hidden from view which develops in the sensorimotor stage is
symbolic play
object permanence
peek-a-boo
object relevance
69
Human Development is
starts before birth and continues throughout life
the processes for exploring human continuity and change.
is formed before self-concept
refer to physical, cognitive and psychosocial development.
70
Operant conditioning is based on a simple principle of
reinforcement
imitation
modelling
re-engagement
71
In terms of he relationship between identity and intimacy, Erikson believed that:
identity had to be developed before establishing intimacy.
they typically developed simultaneously
either identity or intimacy could be developed first.
intimacy had to be developed before establishing identity.
72
Which of the following statements best describes a theory?
A theory explains a formulated set of rules
A theory is closed to scientific observation
A theory is usually someone's expert opinion.
A theory is open to scientific observation.
73
The debate about to what extent are we shaped by our genetic makeup and to what extent are we shaped by our environmenta
the nature-nurture debate
the nature-aspire debate
the nature-nature debate
the novice nature debate
74
True of False: Our self-identity often includes social group memberships which can define who we are.
True
False
75
A normative event of young adulthood would usually be which of the following?
compulsive hoarding
career consolidation
learning difficult mathematical concepts
teenage pregnancy
76
According to Piaget, a child in the pre-operational stage of child development would be able to
Think in an abstract way
Conserve mass and liquids
Multiply and divide
Use language to convey their wishes
77
Personal Identity
refer to physical, cognitive and psychosocial development.
the processes for exploring human continuity and change.
starts before birth and continues throughout life
is formed before self-concept
78
Alcohol consumption is contraindicated in pregnancy. This is an example of:
the strong affectional tie between a child and its caregiver
length of a pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual period
interact with others
a teratogen
79
The first two weeks of pre-natal development following conception is referred to as the
germinal phase
embryonic phase
teratenogenic phase
viral phase

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