Module 12 Review

A major change in European thought, starting in the mid-1500s, in which thestudy of the natural world.

a belief held by Enlightenment thinkers that truth could be discovered through reason or logical thinking.

Believed laws existed to preserve social order.

English mathematicianand natural philosopher, he discovered the law of gravity as well as laws on the physics of objects

In the Middle Ages, the earth-centered view of the universe.

Italian astronomer, he discovered the law ofmotion of falling objects and invented the first working telescop

a social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in the homes of wealthy women in Paris.

French philosopher and author; he was a supporter of Deism.

God created the universe and then allowed it to run on its on its own followingnatural laws. 

A procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which observation is used to test hypotheses.

What revolution would the principles of the Enlightenment lead to next?

What was the name of the plan for the new government?

The idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun.

A French mathematician and philosopher; he developed analytical geometry; he also advocated using reason and logic.

What are the first ten amendments of the Constitution called? What freedoms did these amendments protect?

French political philosopher; he explored democratic theories of government. government divided into three branches

An English statesman and writer; he favored empiricism and the experimental method. 

one of a group of social thinkers in France during the Enlightenment.

an 18-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method

English philosopher,founder of British empiricism; he developed political and economic theories during the Enlightenment

Swiss-French political philosopher; he valued the social contract and addressed the nature of man in his work

British writer whoadvocated foropportunities for women and urged women to enter the male-dominated fields of medicine an

the agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thuscreating an organized society or government

Polish astronomer, he proposed the heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory of the universe.