Final Science--Forces that Shape the Earth

Dikes/sills, dome mountain, and volcanic neck are landforms from magma.

Which is NOT a type of strain which affects the crust?

fastest compression waves that travel through solids/liquids, temporarily changing volume

Lava is liquid magma that reaches the surface.

These form along the boundaries of Earth's plates

Mid-ocean ridges and continental rifts

stress that moves rocks past each other; transform

Shield volcano, cinder cone volcano, caldera, and lava plateau are landforms from _____________________.

In ___________ faults, 2 blocks of rock are pushed together (convergent) & hanging wall top rock is pushed up.

transform faults and fault zones

stress when plates move apart; divergent

a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle

Which is not one of the stages of a volcano?

The epicenter is the point on Earth's surface directly below an earthquake's focus.

slower waves that only travel through solid and temporarily change the shape but not the volume of the material they pas

Which is NOT one of the types of faults?

An energy source from water heated by magma deep within the earth that is used to heat homes and make electricity

Seismic waves are waves that carry energy of an earthquake toward the focus.

locating an earthquake's epicenter using data from at least 3 different seismometers

Low silica in a volcano produces a quiet eruption.

The vibrations in the ground that result from movement along breaks in Earth's lithosphere

In this fault, 2 blocks of rock slide past each other horizontally (transform).

stress that squeezes a rock until it folds or breaks; convergent

a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume

Seismograph: an instrument that measures & records ground motion; used to determine the distance seismic waves travel.

change in rock that is NOT permanent ; when stress is removed rock goes back to original shape

Volcano vents are the smaller openings where magma leaves the volcano.

The Ring of Fire is a major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean.

the slowest of all waves, but can produce severe ground movement with a wavelike motion

fountain on water and steam that erupts from the ground when build-up of pressure is released

The three types of seismic waves are primary waves (p-waves), secondary waves (s-waves), and surface waves.

In _______ faults, 2 blocks of rock are pulled apart and the hanging wall top rock slips down.

High silica produces an __________ eruption with ash and cinder.

The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake