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AP World History Modern Unit 3 and Unit 4 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP World History Modern Unit 3 and Unit 4 Review
AP World History Modern Unit 3 and Unit 4 Review
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APWH Modern
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1
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
2
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
3
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
4
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
5
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
6
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created taxation systems
7
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
8
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
9
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
Russia
China
Middle East
South Asia
10
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Indentured Servitude
Chattel Slavery
Encomienda System
Mit'a
11
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
12
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Ottomans
the Manchu Qing
the Safavids
the Mughals
13
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
14
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
15
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
16
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
17
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
18
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Han Dynasty
Roman Empire
Egyptian Empire
Mongol Empire
19
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Native American and African cultures
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Christianity and Islam
20
All of the following are true, but what was a
POLITICAL
effect of the Reformation?
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
21
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
22
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
23
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
24
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
25
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish
26
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
27
This
IVORY
statue from 17th century
INDIA
exported to
PORTUGAL
could be used as evidence to prove
Christ child=proof that Portuguese trading diffused Catholicism to Asia.
Ivory=proof that Swahili merchants continued to trade African luxury goods.
India=proof that Asian trade goods were highly in demand.
Crown=proof that imperial states used art to reinforce their legitimacy.
28
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
29
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
looking to create empires in the Americas.
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
30
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ottoman Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
31
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
32
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were ORIGINALLY
Christian peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
33
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church
EXCEPT
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
34
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
35
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
36
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was
NOT
an effect of this trade?
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
37
This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...
just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons
maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade
empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule
navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires
38
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Scientific Revolution
The Age of Exploration
The Artistic Renaissance
The Enlightenment
39
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
The Silk Road
Regional trade in the Americas
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
40
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
41
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
42
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
43
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Egyptians
The Chinese
The Romans
The Byzantines
44
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Machu, Last Imperial Dynasty of China.
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
45
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
46
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
47
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
48
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
49
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Islam
Hinduism and Buddhism
Christianity and Judaism
50
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
51
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
caravels using lateen sails.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
silver-backed currencies.
colonies in the Americas.
52
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
53
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
54
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
indentured servitude
chattel slavery
encomienda
Voluntary Labor
55
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
56
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
57
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
58
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Cultural religious powers
Social powers
Technological powers