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Natural Selection & Genetics + Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Flashcards | StudBud
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Natural Selection & Genetics + Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
Natural Selection & Genetics + Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
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1
Which theory supports the fossil evidence that horses once had 3 toes on each foot as opposed to having hooves?
spontaneous generation
cell theory
climate change
The theory of evolution
2
Think about what we've learned in genetics. Is this trait dominant or recessive?
Dominant
Recessive
3
Homozygous dominant could be referred to by?
hH
Hh
HH
hh
4
If the foxes environment changes to have only brown dirt, which of the following fox populations will most survive.
Only Population 2
Populations 2 & 3 will most likely survive.
Populations 1 & 2 will most likely survive.
All the populations will survive
5
What did Charles Darwin study?
Genes
Nuclear explosions
Natural Selection
The body
6
According to the fossil record, scientists believe that most animals that have ever lived are now _________.
hibernating
extinct
evolved
endangered
7
The breeding of organims for desired traits is called___.
artificial selection
selective breeding
natural selection
8
What will happen to the moth population over time if a new bird in the area eats them?
Population of light moths will increase, dark moths will decrease
population will be equal over time
there will be no change
9
Organisms with different structures and similar functions share ____ structures.
variation
homologous
analogous
10
Charles Darwin did most of his research in____________________.
The Bahamas
Galapagos Islands
Barbados
Guiana Island
11
Which is homozygous recessive?
aa
AA
Aa
A
12
Scientists believe that life on Earth began over 3.5 billions years ago based on the ________.
speed of light
fossil record
their imagination
cell theory
13
What percent shows the recessive trait?
100%
0%
50%
25%
14
You are mating a homozygous dominant with a homozygous recessive. Choose the correct offspring
all heterozygous
all homozygous dominant
all homozygous recessive
50% homozygous dominant,50% homozygous recessive
15
Gregor Mendel worked with...
mice
giraffes
garden peas
tulips
16
What is natural selection?
Animals change to adapt to surroundings
Chromosomes
same species of animals mating
People pick which animals mate together
17
What is a dominant allele?
T
t
🐺
7
18
Evolution causes ___________ to become more common in a population over time
Boldness
Favorable adaptations
Natural Selection
Variation
19
What is an allele?
Different forms of a gene
A body cell
A car door
A pea plant
20
Gender/ sex is decided by sex chromozomes
MALES ARE XX FEMALES ARE YY
MALES ARE XY. FEMALES ARE XX
MALES ARE XX FEMALES ARE XY
MALES ARE XY FEMALES ARE YY
21
Which is homozygous dominant?
AA
aa
Aa
A
22
What is a genetic mutation
A change in genetic code
rapid growth of cells
neutral
beneficial
23
A structural adaptation in which an organism resembles another is ____.
camouflage
mimicry
functional
24
What percentage of offspring will show the recessive trait?
25%
100%
50%
75%
25
In order for a species to survive climate change it has to _______.
adapt to the changing climate
reproduce rapidly
eat more
hibernate
26
Studying relationships between organisms by comparing their genes and proteins is
molecular biology
comparative anatomy
embryology
27
dominant trait
the study of heredity
the study of genetics
only seen if two are present
always seen if present
28
Seals with thicker blubber are more likely to stay warm in the cold but overheat. If their environment changes to warm
Only population 2
Population 2 & 3 will most likely survive
All will survive
Population 1 & 2 will most likely survive
29
two of the same allele's
genotype
phenotype
homozygous
heterozygous
30
Similar structures with different functions found in organisms are called ___ structures.
homologous
functional
analogous
31
Anything that can hinder the size of a population.
War
Population control
Reduction aspect
Limiting factor
32
A type of structural adaptation that allows an organism to blend with its surroundings is ___
mimicry
camouflage
behavioral
33
Which is homozygous?
HH
Hh
hh
hH
34
acquired trait
trait you learn
a trait bought at PetSmart
trait you inherit
trait unique to one person
35
Who was Gregor Mendel?
A monk that researched the corn if there was any pattern
A monk that research the pea plants if they had any pattern
A monk who studied the human body
A monk that started the pea plant pattern
36
To change the frequencies of alleles in a population over time.
Cell
Evolve
Evolutionary History
Extinction
37
What percentage of these offspring will be homozygous dominant?
75%
25%
0%
50%
38
Punnett Squares are used
to find the probability of genetic outcomes of an offspring
to solve mathematical word problems
to find the probability of adaptive traits passed to offspring
to calculate how many times natural selection can occur
39
Spines, poisonous toxins, camoflage are all _____ that help survival.
genes
adaptations
evidence
40
what's an inherited trait
To draw
To go to sleep
Hair
To write
41
Homozygous recessive should be represented as?
HH
hh
hH
Hh
42
The name of the ship that Darwin sailed to South America was ___.
HMS Snoopy
HMS Beagle
HMS George
43
In humans, an allele might indicate?
eye color
All of the above
color blindness
blood type
44
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles for a trait
Having two identical alleles for a trait
Having at least one dominant allele for a trait
Having at least one recessive allele for a trait
45
Driving is NOT an acquired trait.
True
False
46
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed . . .
species exactly like those found in South America
completely unrelated species on each of the islands
species completely unrelated to those found in South America
similar species with traits that suited their environment
47
Studying relationships between organisms by comparing their embryos is___.
comparative anatomy
molecular biology
embryology
48
How did Darwin study plants and animals?
observing them in their habitats
experimenting in the laboratory
by making scientific models
49
This part of the cell contains chromozomes
Chromatids
The Nuclear Membrane
The Vacuoles
The Nucleus
50
Charles Darwin was what type of scientist?
Physicists
Zoologist
Naturalist
51
Which genotype represents a recessive trait?
pp
Pp
PP
52
Think about what we've learned in genetics. Is this trait dominant or recessive?
Recessive
Dominant
53
My favorite subject is….
Science
Math
History
English, Languages, Arts
54
TRAIT: A snake sheds its skin.
Inherited
Acquired (learned)
55
What process causes populations to change as their environment changes?
Natural selection
artificial selection
selective breeding
56
Mutations in genes cause____.
reproduction
competition
variation
57
A jack rabbit's powerful legs are an example of a ____.
structural adaptation
behavioral adaption
functional adaptation
58
What is the brain of the cell?
vacuole
chloroplast
nucleus
ribosome
59
Gregor Mendel is the...
father of ancient genetics
father of evolution
father of modern genetics
father of modern DNA
60
What are the Two Forms of an Allele?
Dominant, Recessive
Big, Small
Beginning, End
Red, Blue
61
What is a recessive allele?
<
T
+
t
62
Spine sizes of a population of cactuses in an area was measured in 1970 & 2015. Choose the best description difference.
They were more cactuses in 1970 than there were in 2015
The cactuses in 1970 had smaller spines than cactuses in 2015.
The cactuses in 1970 had Larger spines than cactuses in 2015.
There was more variation in spine size in 190 than in 2015
63
Define a trait
Heredity
Characteristics caused by genetics
How a person acts/looks
A double helix
64
a segment of DNA on a chromozome
DNA
RNA
DMA
gene
65
TRAIT: turtle has a hard shell.
Acquired (learned)
Inherited
66
Studying relationships between organisms by comparing their structures is ____
molecular biology
comparative anatomy
embryology
67
Natural selection increases the frequency of:
Random mutations within a species
Change within a species
Characteristics that make individuals less well adapted
Characteristics that make individuals better adapted
68
Good manners are an inherited trait?
True
False
69
Which is a learned behavior?
Raccoons finding food in a trash can.
None of the above.
The color of your hair.
The color of a raccoon's fur.
70
What determines how closely related two species are?
how closely they live to one another
how recently they shared a common ancestor
how much they compete for food