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APES Unit 1 Review
APES Unit 1 Review
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Review Quiz for APES Unit 1 aligned with the new CED
Flashcards
100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
100
Answers
1
Estuarine areas of high elevations that are periodically covered with water.
Salt Marshes
Wetlands
Mangrove Forrests
Mud Flats
2
Biomagnification begins with the bioaccumulation of pollutants in cells
True
False
3
Which of the following describes an accurate impact of a decrease in the wolf population of this ecosystem?
A decrease in thrush and rat populations
A decrease in fruit fly and grasshopper populations
All of the following are accurate impacts of a decrease in wolf population
An increase in eagle population
4
Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis?
Coyotes eating a dear carcass from a wolf kill after the wolf has finished
Photosynthetic algae and coral living together in a coral reef
Nitrogen fixing bacteria living in the root nodules of legume plants
Birds making their nests in trees
5
How does plastic in the ocean contribute to biomagnification?
Plastic clogging up the ocean.
Plastic being naturally broken down by the oceans.
Fish eating plastic and passing it up the food chain.
Plastic expanding when in the ocean.
6
Through biomagnification, the organism in the food chain that is most affected by pollutants is
herbivorous fish
zooplankton
carnivorous fish
Herring Gull
7
In temperate zones the thermocline will be most pronounced during...?
summer
spring
winter
fall
8
At which latitude is a Tropical Rainforest most likely found at?
30o
5o
60o
75o
9
Which latitude is likely to experience a warmer climate?
45o
60o
75o
2o
10
All of these are steps in the nitrogen cycle EXCEPT...
Manifestation
Decomposition of dead organic matter
Absorption by plants
Nitrogen fixation
11
Wetland loss in the United States is primarily attributed to
logging
mining
oil extraction
agriculture
12
Nitrogen fixation
converts N2 gas from the atmosphere into ammonium (NH4)
all of the above are true of N fixation
converts nitrogen gas into an organic molecule that is useable by plants
can be carried out by bacteria in the root nodules of legumes
13
This biome....
Deciduous Forest
Taiga
Alpine
Tropical Rainforest
14
secondary consumers are on the ______ trophic level
1st
4th
5th
3rd
15
This biome.....
Deciduous Forest
Tropical Rainforest
Taiga
Savanna
16
Which of the following represents carbon sequestration?
Fossil Fuel Combustion
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Animal Agriculture
17
This biome....
Grassland
Savanna
Chaparral
Tundra
18
A(n) __________ is a concentration of wild aquatic species suitable for harvest.
fishprint
fish zone
fishery
aquaculture system
19
Which of the following is the largest Nitrogen reservoir?
The atmosphere
Animal bodies
The oceans
Plant tissue
20
Globally, _______ of the population lives on or near a coast.
80%
30%
50%
10%
21
What does biogeochemical cycle mean?
biological chemicals in the earth
cycling through abiotic factors
cycling through biotic and abiotic
cycling through all living organisms
22
Which biome does this climatogram correspond with?
Temperate rain forest
Temperate grassland
Tropical grassland
Tropical tundra
23
Which of the following is the most long-term carbon reservoir?
Soil
Fossil fuels
Old-growth forests
Atmosphere
24
What is an increase in the amount of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem?
Eutrophication
Salinity
Benthos
Runoff
25
Why is each level of a trophic pyramid smaller than the level below it?
Energy is lost as heat as it transfers up each trophic level
The organisms at each successive trophic level have shorter lifespans
There is less biomass at each trophic level compared to the one below
Each level of a trophic pyramid has smaller organisms than the level below
26
This WARM biome....
Savanna
Chaparral
Alpine
Tropical Rainforest
27
Which of the following represents a carbon source?
Formation of limestone
Animal respiration
Fossil fuel combustion
Sedimentation on the ocean floor
28
Which of the following is NOT a carbon sink?
Soil
Old-growth Forests
The atmosphere
The Ocean
29
Lenthic systems are made up of what?
rivers, streams, ponds
Mangrove forests
Estuaries, seas, coastal lands
Lakes, ponds, inland wetlands
30
True/False/Partially: Bioaccumulation is reversible
True
Partially
False
31
Nitrogen generally spends less time in its reservoirs than carbon or phosphorus
False
True
32
This biome......
Tundra
Desert
Chaparral
Taiga
33
This biome....
Deciduous Forest
Tundra
Savanna
Taiga
34
What is the primary cause for changes in biome distribution on earth?
Invasive species
Global climate change
Tectonic plate activity
Deforestation
35
True/False/Partially: Bioaccumulation can only occur in some animals
Partically
False
True
36
What gas contributes to ocean acidification?
Sulfur Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Carbon Monoxide
37
Why is each level of a trophic pyramid smaller than the level below it?
Energy is lost as heat as it transfers up each trophic level
The organisms at each successive trophic level have shorter lifespans
Each level of a trophic pyramid has smaller organisms than the level below
There is less biomass at each trophic level compared to the one below
38
Which biome does this climatogram correspond with?
Desert
Temperate deciduous forest
Tundra
Taiga
39
Kelp forest dominates what oceanic zone?
Intertidal zone
Coastal ocean
Benthic zone
Open ocean
40
Which of the following represents primary productivity?
The amount of energy available to consumers in a given area
The amount of plant biomass added to a given area in a period of time
The amount of solar radiation captured by producers in a given area
The rate of photosynthesis in a given area in a given period of time
41
Which of the following represents the correct units for primary productivity?
energy/area/time
biomass/area/time
energy/time/area
biomass/time/area
42
What types of plants would be most likely in a Tropical Rainforest?
Broadleaf Evergreen
Succulents
Coniferous
Deciduous
43
Humans have changed the biogeochemical cycles on Earth by:
all of the others
making more factories
cutting down forests
driving more cars that burn fossil fuels
44
This type of plankton, consisting of bacteria, may carryout 70% of photosynthesis in the ocean.
ultraplankton
Zooplankton
Phytoplankton
Benthos
45
The presence of a biome in a particular location is the result of ____________.
the regions longitude
the depth of the ocean
the amount of carbon dioxide in the water
the regions climate
46
When nutrients are transported through soil with water, it is called
Nitrification
Infiltration
Percolation
Leaching
47
What type of zone does the ocean meet with the tide?
open zone
close zone
coral reef zone
intertidal zone
48
Which of the following is the BEST example of a secondary consumer likely to be found in a grassland ecosystem?
Hawk
Fox
Owl
Rabbit
49
How is The phosphorus cycle is different from the nitrogen and carbon cycle?
The phosphorus cycle doesn't include a gaseous phase.
Phosphorus is cycled back into the soil by precipitation.
Phosphorus is not taken up by plants
Phosphorus is not fixed in the atmosphere by lightning
50
Biomagnification is:
the biotic (living) part of the Earth
the production of energy and oxygen by plants
the build up of toxins in a food chain
the build up of toxins in an organism
51
Which zone in a river is very slow-moving and contains the most sediment content?
transition zone
headwaters zone
floodplain zone
source zone
52
Which of the following is an example of an EXCLUSIVELY secondary consumer in this food web?
Frog
Dragonfly
Thrush
Butterfly
53
Why does phosphorus cycle more slowly than carbon, water, and nitrogen?
P is removed from the soil by plants faster than C, N, or H2O
P has no gaseous phase, whereas C, N, and H20 all have gas phases
Most P is removed from the environment and stored in fertilizers by humans
Rocks & sediments are often buried under the ocean for long periods of time
54
Which level of the food chain is the most affected by biomagnification?
Primary Consumers
The tropics
Tertiary consumers
Producers
55
The carbon in fossil fuels originally came from
Ocean shellfish
Coral reef
Plants such as ferns
Dinosaur bones
56
how do animals get nitrogen?
eat plants, that contain nitrates
they breath it in
all of the above
they drink water with nitrogen
57
What is a STRUCTURAL adaptation of a cactus?
The distribution of cactus' in an area
It is green
Spikes so they can avoid predators
The water they store
58
Why is the coral reef known as the "rainforest of the sea?"
Diversity level vs. size compares to rainforests
they are both found in wamer climates
Very few organisms live there
Everything is dying
59
Plants grow _____ in the dry climate of the _______.
close together, tundra
close together, tropical rain forest
far apart, tundra
far apart, desert
60
What is the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the carbon cycle?
Photosynthesis removes C from atmosphere; respiration removes C from atm.
Photosynthesis removes C from atmosphere; respiration adds C to atmosphere
Photosynthesis adds C to atmosphere; respiration adds C to atmosphere
Photosynthesis adds C to atmosphere; respiration removes C from atmosphere
61
How does the Chaparral differ from the Desert biome?
less precipitation
more precipitation
62
The tree shown below would grow in a(n) _________________ in tropical and subtropical zones.
Estuary
Sandy Shore
lake
Mangrove forest
63
The two primary aspects of climate are ________.
precipitation and oxygen
temperature and precipitation
oxygen and temperature
elevation and carbon dioxide
64
This biome....
Desert
Savanna
Tundra
Chaparral
65
This is the part of a pond or lake inhabited by decomposers, larvae, and clams.
The Benthic Zone
The Littoral Zone
Emerged Plants
Open Ocean
66
What does the 2 represent in the nitrogen cycle?
Ammonium
Animals
Decomposers
Plants
67
The euphotic region is:
the darkest region
The area with the most life
The area with the most light
the only area with predators
68
This is an area where freshwater from a river mixes with salt water from the ocean
Swamp
Estuaries
Mangrove Marsh
Peninsula
69
Why is the surface layer warmer than the thermocline or deep-water layer?
The surface layer receives the most energy from the sun
Fish swimming in the ocean cause movement which causes heat
The surface layer is the closest to the Earth
sunlight does not penetrate down to the surface layer
70
Increased carbon dioxide emissions can lead to
increased ocean acidification
increased water temperatures
loss of biodiversity
all possible choices
71
Which biome does this climatogram correspond with?
Tropical savanna
Temperate grassland
Desert
Taiga
72
How much energy is transferred from the producer level of a trophic pyramid to the secondary consumer level?
10%
0.01%
0.1%
1.0%
73
Below the thermocline, what physical feature changes most?
temperature
pressure
light
photosynthesis
74
What is coastal ecosystem with plants growing underwater in shallow marine and estuarine areas?
salt marshes
mangrove forests
sea grass beds
intertidal zones
75
Organisms like mushrooms, worms, and bacteria belong in which trophic level.
tertiary consumer
primary consumer
decomposer
producer
76
Biomagnification is:
the production of energy and oxygen by plants
the build up of toxins in an organism
the biotic (living) part of the Earth
the build up of toxins in a food chain
77
Which organisms are most critical in the nitrogen cycle?
plants
nitrates
nitrites
bacteria
78
Which of the following is NOT an example of resource partitioning?
Species of native grasses sending roots to different soil depths
Wolves and coyotes hunting prey at different times of the day
Evolution of different beak morphologies among finch species on an Island
American robins hunting for worms in different parts of a field
79
An adaptation is....
A trait which doesn't help an organism survive
An animal's ability to change shape
A trait which helps an organisms survive
A change in environment
80
Which biome does this climatogram correspond with?
Tropical rain forest
Taiga
Tropical savanna
Temperate deciduous forest
81
A mixture of salt and freshwater where a large river empties into an ocean or sea
Intertidal zone
Marshland
Estuary
Coral reef
82
Why is nitrogen fixation by bacteria an essential part of the nitrogen cycle?
Water is released as a by-product of nitrogen fixation
most plants/ animals can use only elemental nitrogen
Decomposers break down dead organisms to return N to soil
Plants cannot use nitrogen in it's atmospheric form
83
A thermocline is:
Water that gets saltier as it gets deeper
An upward current that brings nutrients to the surface
Water that gets colder as it gets deeper
Denser water settling at the bottom of the ocean
84
How can toxic bioaccumulation be prevented ?
Avoid plastics
Not putting harmful chemicals in water systems
Eating organic foods and fruits
Avoid toxic chemical pesticides
85
Which biome does this climatogram correspond with?
Desert
Tundra
Chaparral
Tropical rain forest
86
What is the primary cause for changes in biome distribution on earth?
Tectonic plate activity
Global climate change
Deforestation
Invasive species
87
Match this climatogram to the correct biome
Shrubland
Tundra
Desert
Taiga
88
Which of the following provides the correct formula for calculating primary productivity?
GPP = Respiration - NPP
GPP = NPP - Respiration
Respiration = GPP - NPP
NPP = GPP - Respiration
89
What does the 3 represent in the nitrogen cycle?
Plants
Animals
Ammonium
Decomposers
90
What is a feature of an estuarine organism (eg mangroves) that allows it to survive?
High rate of salt excretion
High uptake of salt from its environment
Low uptake of oxygen from its environment
Low rate of osmosis into its cells
91
One type of freshwater aquatic biome is...
neither
river
both
lake
92
What is the largest reservoir in the hydrologic cycle?
Glaciers and Ice Caps
Groundwater
Atmosphere
Oceans
93
What does the 1 represent in the nitrogen cycle?
Plants
Ammonium
Animals
Decomposers
94
Plants in the Arctic have adapted to the cold conditions by ...
having small flowers
being white in colour
growing slippery leaves to make the snow slide off
growing close to the ground
95
Which of the following is the most long-term P reservoir?
Pant biomass
Rocks with phosphorus-containing minerals
Soil
Sediments at the bottom of the ocean
96
Permafrost....
temperature at which ice turns to carbon dioxide
snowfall levels required to sustain life in the tundra
elevation at which freezing temperatures never drop
frozen (for now) layer of subsoil found in the tundra biome
97
What is Bioaccumulation?
Organisms that don’t have spines
The gradual accumulation of chemicals in a food chain
The classification of a group of organisms.
The gradual accumulation of chemicals in an organism
98
What law best relates to energy loss with an ecosystem?
3rd law of thermodynamics
Law of conservation of matter
1st law of thermodynamics
2nd law of thermodynamics
99
Phosphorous Cycle
Rocks erode, phosphates released into soil
Humans can only mine phosphates, there is no cycle
Does not cycle at all
Phosphates released into air fall onto ground, collected
100
From depth does thermocline occur?
200-1000m
50-150m
100-500m
1000-1500m
