AP Biology Unit 4 (Cell Cycle & Communication)

Question 1

Protein phosphorylation is commonly involved with all of these EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

activation of G-protein-linked receptors.

Question 2

Which type of cell signaling is used when an egg cell releases pheromones for sperm cells?

Accepted Answer

endocrine

Question 3

How is a phosphorylation cascade response get turned off? Protein phosphatases reverse the

Accepted Answer

effects of the kinases.

Question 4

Many signaling pathways involve non-protein, water-soluble molecules or ions called

Accepted Answer

second messengers.

Question 5

DNA replication occurs

Accepted Answer

Before mitosis, Before meiosis

Question 6

Kinases and cyclins both play a large role in the

Accepted Answer

Cell cycle control system

Question 7

This process converts normal cells into cancerous ones

Accepted Answer

transformation

Question 8

How can a target cell's response to a signal be amplified more than a million times?

Accepted Answer

By an activation cascade.

Question 9

What phase is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 10

The activation of tyrosine-kinase receptors is characterized by

Accepted Answer

aggregation and phosphorylation.

Question 11

Binding of a signal molecule to which type of receptor changes membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

ligand-gated ion channel

Question 12

The endocrine system sends out hormones which travel

Accepted Answer

long distances.

Question 13

When a cell will not divide until it is attached to a substrate it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Anchorage dependence

Question 14

Cell signaling is believed to have evolved early in the history of life because

Accepted Answer

signal molecules are found in distant relatives.

Question 15

Amplification of a chemical signal occurs when a receptor in the cell membrane

Accepted Answer

activates several G-proteins.

Question 16

Signal-transduction pathways benefit cells for all of these reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

they help cells use up phosphate.

Question 17

Which type of cell signaling is used when a cancer cell sends itself growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

autocrine

Question 18

G-protein-linked receptor->G protein->adenylyl cyclase->cAMP. Identify the 2nd messenger.

Accepted Answer

cAMP

Question 19

A small molecule that specifically binds to a larger one is known as a

Accepted Answer

ligand.

Question 20

During anaphase, sister chromatids become

Accepted Answer

chromosomes

Question 21

Which process is used in organisms repair of tissues, cell replacement, growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Question 22

Which type of cell signaling is used when ligands move through plasmodesmata in plants?

Accepted Answer

juxtacrine

Question 23

Phosphorylation cascades are useful for cellular signal transduction because

Accepted Answer

they amplify the signal many times.

Question 24

Which type of cell signaling is used when neurotransmitters cross a synapse?

Accepted Answer

paracrine

Question 25

Lipid-soluble signal molecules cross the membrane of all cells but affect only target cells b/c

Accepted Answer

intracellular receptors are present.

Question 26

The stages of cell signaling are reception, ____ and ____.

Accepted Answer

transduction and response.

Question 27

Receptors for water-soluble hormones are in the cell membrane, and lipid-soluble receptors are

Accepted Answer

inside the cell.

AP Biology Unit 4 (Cell Cycle & Communication)

Questions 27

AP Biology Unit 4 (Cell Cycle & Communication)

Questions 27