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Natural Selection
Natural Selection
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Answers
1
True or False: Humans evolved from monkeys
False
True
2
Which would an animal breeder use to produce cows that give more milk?
artificial selection
overproduction
genetic isolation
natural selection
3
Darwin studied living organisms as well as the preserved remains of ancient organisms called
Fossils
adaptations
vestigial organs
homologous structures
4
Who observed variations in the characteristics of organisms on the islands of the Galapagos?
Mrs. Ward
Thomas Malthus
James Hutton
Charles Darwin
5
Which combo of characteristics in a pop would give the greatest potential for evolution change
small populations, many mutations
large population, few mutations
small population, few mutations
large population, many mutations
6
The number and location of bones of many fossil mammals are similar to living mammals, why?
inherited traits
the struggle for existence
because they have a common ancestor
natural selection
7
True or False: A phylogenic tree used to illustrate evolutionary relationships among organisms
True
False
8
Which of the following is NOT a factor that causes changes in the frequency of alleles in a pop
genetic drift
random mating
migration
mutations
9
According to Darwin's theory, individuals that tend to survive and reproduce are those who
have the greatest number of offspring
have variations suited to the environment
fitness
have characteristics that breeders want
10
A situation in which a population's allele frequencies remain relatively constant over time
Genetic Equilibrium
a gene pool
fitness
evolution
11
An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be
physical or geographical
the result of artificial selection
acquired during an organisms lifetime
physical or behavorial
12
True or False Charles Darwin came to realize that organisms of the same species are identical
True
False
13
What species do all humans belong to
Homo habilis
Neanderthals
Austrolopithicus
Homo sapiens
14
True or False: A theory in science is just a guess
False
True
15
In a populat of finches, some have short beaks and some have long beaks, what process occurred
genetic drift
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
16
Sally did not take her antibiotic as directed by her doctor, what are the likely consequences
the bacteria could repopulate and become resistance
It doesn't matter it most likey killed all of the bacteria
The bacteria would become less resistant
she will never get sick from that type of bacteria again
17
Darwin realized that the measure of success for an organism was not only surviving but also
Singing
Reproducing
Mutating
Changing
18
The concept that living species have descended, with changes, from ancestral species over time
artificial selection
natural selection
descent with modification
theory of acquired characteristics
19
Fitness is a result of
common descent
adaptations
variation
homologies
20
In order for humans to evolve what two things are needed?
Artificial Selection
Variations
Differential Reproductive Success
Differential Reproductive Success and Variations
21
In humans, the pelvis and femur are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are
examples of fossils
vestigial structures
acquired traits
examples of natural variation
22
Identify two sources of data scientists use to compare evolutionary relationships
Fossils and DNA
DNA and Anatomical Structures
Hollywood
Fossils and Anatomical Structures
23
The type of selection in which individuals at one extreme of a trait has better fitness
Directional Selection
Disruptive Selection
the founder effect
Stabilizing Selection
24
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
radiation
speciation
vestigial organ
adaptation
25
Which phrase best defines evolution by natural selection
an adaptation of a species to its environment
a sudden replacement of one population by another
a process of change in a species over time
changes in a species as it becomes more perfect
26
One of the conditions required to maintain genetic equilibrium is
mutations
nonrandom mating
no movement into or out of the population
natural selection
27
How different is our DNA from that of a chimpanzee's
about 0.1%
about 50%
about 10%
about 2-4%
28
Structures that have different mature forms but develop the same embryonically are called
vestigial organs
homologous structures
fossils
adaptations
29
Natural selection takes place as individuals best suited to the (_) survive to reproduce
Biome
Environment
Water
Trees
30
in 1859 Darwin published his revolutionary scientific ideas in a work titled
principles of geology
Evoluotion
principles of populations
The Origin of Species
31
Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that
animals that look alike are closely related.
species change over time
extinct species are not related to living species
different species can interbreed
32
True or False: Humans evolved from monkeys.
False
True
33
Which of the following phrases best describes the results of natural selection?
the struggle for existence undergone by all living things
the natural variation found in all populations
changes in the inherited characteristics of a population
unrelated but similar species living in different places
34
Which of the following is an example of an adaptation?
Cheetah's Camouflage Spots
Porcupines Quills
All are examples of adaptations
Polar Bears Thick Fur
35
Lions prey on antelope, some antelope escape and some are eaten. How would Darwin explain this?
variations
adaptations
survival of the fittest
descent with modification
36
Which scientist was the first to publish his ideas on the theory of evolution
Watson and Crick
Charles Darwin
Isaac Newton
Mrs. Ward
37
True or False: Individuals are incapable of evolving only populations can evolve.
False
True
38
Differences among individuals of a species are referred to as
fitness
natural variation
natural selection
adaptation
39
The type of selection in which individuals of average size have greater fitness
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
directional selection
genetic drift
40
Based on genetic evidence humans are most closely related to which two species?
Monkeys
Chimpanzee and the bonobo
Fish
Elephants and Chimpanzees
