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Year 9 – The Australian Court System, Principles of Justice, and Threats to Justice Flashcards | StudBud
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Year 9 – The Australian Court System, Principles of Justice, and Threats to Justice
Year 9 – The Australian Court System, Principles of Justice, and Threats to Justice
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Year 9 TASK 2 GAT/KAA – The Australian Court System, Principles of Justice, and Threats to Justice
Flashcards
32 cards
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32
Answers
1
What are the advantages of the appeal system?
It allows people to change the law whenever they want
It ensures fairness, corrects mistakes, and maintains public confidence
It guarantees that everyone will win their case eventually
It makes trials last longer so lawyers earn more money
2
What are the
key principles
of Australia’s justice system?
Fast trials, guilty until proven innocent, and no lawyers allowed
Fair trial, equality before law, right to appeal, independent judge/courts
Quick resolutions, judges making final decisions, and limited appeals
The right to a translator, to stay silent, and to appeal
3
What is
precedent
?
A legal principle based on past court decisions
The president’s assistant
A random law made up by judges
A legal principle based on future cases
4
What is the role of the
judge
in
criminal
trials?
To decide if the accused is guilty or not
To argue on behalf of the accussed
To serve snacks to the jury
To ensure the trial is fair and determin the sentence
5
What is civil law?
The area of law dealing with disputes between individuals or groups
Private law
Laws that only apply to the military
A set of rules for how citizens behave in public
6
How do we ensure
equality before the law
?
A range of laws aim to ensure people are treated equally
By letting rich people have better lawyers
By making sure judges always rule the same way in every case
By allowing people to choose which laws apply to them
7
What is
statutory law
?
Laws passed through public referendum
Laws made by government agencies
Minor laws made by statutory authorities on behalf of the parliament
Laws made by judges in court
8
Why do we have an
independent judiciary?
Because politicians are too busy to make legal decisions
To allow judges to vote in elections like everyone else
So judges can do whatever they want without consequences
To ensure judges make decisions based on law, not government influence
9
How does the
appeal system
work in the court hierarchy?
Higher courts review decisions from lower courts if there is a legal error
Appeals allow the public to vote on court decisions
Lawyers argue cases in the media before taking them to court
Any case can be appealed multiple times until the person wins
10
How do
court delays
undermine justice
?
They give judges a chance to think more about their decision
They make sure only serious cases are heard in court
They allow lawyers more time to prepare, making trials better
They cause stress, increase costs, and can deny fair outcomes
11
What is the role of the
jury
in
criminal
trials?
To help the lawyers write their arguments
To give legal advice to the judge
To determine if the accused is guilty or not
To make sure the courtroom is clean
12
Why is it important that we have the
right to an appeal
?
To let defendants change their story if they don’t like the verdict
To correct legal errors, ensure fairness, and uphold justice
So people can keep trying until they win
Because courts need more work to do
13
What is
presumption of innocence
?
The idea that a person is innocent until proven guilty
A fancy way of saying “guessing someone’s age”
A type of insurance policy
A rule that everyone is guilty until they prove otherwise
14
What does it mean to have an
impartial jury
?
A jury that only listens to one side of the argument
A jury made up of lawyers and judges
A jury that decides based on personal opinions
A jury that is unbiased and makes decisions based on evidence
15
Who has the
burden of proof
in criminal trials?
The police officer who made the arrest
The judge
The accused
The prosecution
16
How does
trial by media
undermine justice?
It replaces the need for real court trials
It helps the public decide who is guilty
It creates bias, pressures courts, and can lead to unfair verdicts
It ensures that trials are exciting for news viewers
17
What is
corruption
?
Dishonest or illegal behavior by people in power for personal gain
When a lawyer loses a case unfairly
When too many people watch a trial
A small mistake made by a judge
18
How does
corruption
undermine justice?
It leads to unfair decisions, bribery, and loss of trust in the system
It helps lawyers get promoted more quickly
It ensures that only rich people go to court
It makes trials faster and more efficient
19
How is common law made?
By parliament passing new legislation
By the president signing an executive order
When judges interpret existing laws and precedents to decide new cases
By voting in elections
20
How does
coercion of suspects and witnesses
undermine justice?
It makes trials more dramatic and entertaining
It leads to false convictions and unfair trials
It helps speed up trials by getting confessions quickly
It ensures that all witnesses agree on what happened
21
What are
court delays
?
When legal cases take longer than expected to be resolved
When lawyers spend too much time arguing
When a trial is scheduled for a later date on purpose
When a judge takes a long lunch break
22
What is
common law
?
Laws made by judges or courts
Laws passed by a president
Laws made by citizens through voting
Laws made by the parliament
23
Why is
precedent
important?
It ensures consistency and fairness in legal decisions
Because lawyers like to collect old court cases
It makes sure laws are rewritten every year
It helps decide who wins an election
24
What is
criminal
law?
The area of law that deals with crimes
The area of law that deals with offenses against the state
Laws that only apply to police officers
The rules
25
What is the role of the
judge
in
civil
trials?
To make sure both sides fight fairly in a duel
To decide if the accused should go to jail
To ensure the trial is fair and make a decision if there is no jury
To count how many people are in the courtroom
26
What is
coercion of suspects and witnesses
?
Forcing or pressuring people to give false or misleading information
Encouraging people to tell the truth in court
Offering rewards for testifying in a trial
Making sure all witnesses have the same story
27
What is the
standard of proof
in
criminal
trials?
Whoever tells the best story
Beyond a reasonable doubt
As long as the judge “feels” it’s right
Whatever the jury thinks after five minutes
28
What is the
standard of proof
in
civil
trials?
That the claim is likely but not certain
Beyond a reasonable doubt
Whoever has the most witnesses
The balance of probabilities (the claim is more likely true than not)
29
What is an
indictable offence
and who takes care of it?
More serious - heard by the Magistrates' court
Less serious - heard by the Magistrates' court
More serious - heard by the district or supreme court
Less serious - heard by the district or supreme court
30
What is a
summary offence
and who takes care of it?
A minor offence handled by a magistrate
A very long and complicated crime
A major crime handled by the Supreme Court
An offence that only happens in summer
31
What is
trial by media
?
When journalists act as lawyers in a courtroom
When public opinion, influenced by the media, affects a legal case
When the media runs a fake trial for entertainment
When a trial is livestreamed for everyone to watch
32
Who has the burden of proof in civil trials?
The defendant
The jury
The judge
The plaintiff
