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N1G03: Deborah Flashcards | StudBud
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N1G03: Deborah
Effects of DMTs include:
Disease management includes
N1G03: Deborah
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1
Disease management includes
Treatment of acute relapses
Treatment of symptoms
Patient and family history
Treatment aimed at disease management
2
Effects of DMTs include:
Decreasing the accumulation of lesions found in the brain and spinal cord
Decreasing the frequency and severity of clinical attacks
Slowing the onset of disabilities
Immune cells produced in response to viral infection
3
Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
Relapses and remissions that can last days or several months
Remission: Symptoms fully or partially disappear
Relapse: Loss of function (exacerbation of MS)
Most common (85% of diagnosed)
4
The cause of MS is unknown
False
True
5
Assessment of caregiver burden can be assessed by which of the following?
By interview and formally developed tools
Pain assessment
Burden Interview
Mental assessment
6
Objective burden
Observable & concrete cost to the caregiver for taking care of recipient
The caregiver's perception of the burden determines impact on their life
7
Nurses need to educate caregivers about:
Medication use and side-effect management
Upcoming research
Caregivers often have a lack of knowledge
Relapses
8
Constipation causes immobility
False
True
9
Glatiramer and natalizumab
Trapping immune cells in lymph nodes
Immunosuppressants
Immune cells produced in response to viral infection
Immunosuppressat and antineoplastic agent (Inhibit tumor)
10
After you relapse you go into remission
True
False
11
What's true about fatigue in MS patients
Weekly planning, Activities need to be prioritized, Rest and Exercise
Body mechanics, Evaluate energy levels,Attentiveness to personal situation
No cause of fatigue
BE AWARE
12
What's true about Secondary progressive MS
Don't go into remission again
RRMS diagnosis
Gradual neurologic deterioration that's slow and steady
Going into remission again
13
Types of MS
Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
Primary progressive Ms
Secondary progressive MS
Progressive relapsing MS
14
Demyelinating disease
False
True
15
Caregivers are pain people who help with the physical care or coping with the disease
True
False
16
Depression is very common
False
True
17
Fingolimod
Trapping immune cells in lymph nodes
Immunosuppressat and antineoplastic agent (Inhibit tumor)
Immune cells produced in response to viral infection
Immunosuppressants
18
Women were angry at systems (Eg. difficulties with handicapped parking & accessibility for wheelchair-bound husbands
True
False
19
Caregiver burden is described as both observable and perceived
True
False
20
By interview and formally developed tools
Noticing changes in behaviour of the caregiver
21-item Likert-type scale questionnaire
Financial concerns
Listening to the patient and caregiver
21
The life expectancy of an individual with MS is similar to someone w/ MS; the caregiver's role can encompass a lifetime.
False
True
22
We use disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) to reduce progression rate
True
False
23
Common Problems with MS
Urinary incontinence / Overactive Bladder
Constipation
Bladder problems
24
Electroencephalogram looks at response time
True
False
25
MS results in lesions, which appear as bare spots and scarring along the nerve fiber.
False
True
26
DMT’s are
Glatiramer and natalizumab
Fingolimod
Mitoxantrone
Use of Interferons
27
Corticosteroids (IV or oral)
Cataracts
Reduces inflammation after relapses
Don’t affect outcome of relapse
Increased BP
28
You would ask about?
Stress-coping strategies and self care behaviours
Financial concerns (this is a sensitive topic)
Any physical or emotional limitations
Social support network of the caregiver
29
MS affects women twice as much as men
False
True
30
In a MRI you can Identify the presence of plaques or scarring in different parts of the CNS; See if old or new
True
False
31
Mitoxantrone
Immunosuppressat and antineoplastic agent (Inhibit tumor)
Immune cells produced in response to viral infection
Trapping immune cells in lymph nodes
Immunosuppressants
32
Diagnostic Tests Consists of..?
Interviews
Balance and vision may be ordered.
Movement and coordination
Evaluate mental, emotional, and language functions
33
Treatment of acute exacerbation include Corticosteroids (IV or oral) and Long-term adverse reactions
True
False
34
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).
Provides information about the brain's biochemistry
Detect slow or abnormal conduction patterns on all pathways.
Tests reaction time
Detect abnormalities before lesions are visible on standard MRI scans
35
Use of Interferons
Trapping immune cells in lymph nodes
Immunosuppressants
Immunosuppressat and antineoplastic agent (Inhibit tumor)
Immune cells produced in response to viral infection
36
The main goal for a patient living with MS is to keep active and maximally functional to prevent immobility
False
True
37
What is true about Progressive relapsing MS
Symptoms continue and get worse between relapses.
Patients have a steady worsening of symptoms along with exacerbations.
Involves heart disease
Relapses or attacks happen every so often
38
Spouses feel that they have lost their partner and their sense of self, companionship, support, income, and lifestyle
True
False
39
Which of the following facts about MS is true?
Nearly all MS patients are initially diagnosed with the RRMS disease.
Diagnosed in young adult females between the ages of 20 and 40 years.
1/2 of adult patients diagnosed with MS have difficulty with ambulation
Characterized by neuronal inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss.
40
DMA medications are generally prescribed for patients with RRMS; however, they can be useful for SPMS patients.
False
True
41
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis.
Detects levels of certain immune system proteins
Found in at least 90% of patients with MS
Detects the presence of oligoclonal bands
Isn't conclusive for the diagnosis
42
Most common reason why people stop being caregivers
Caregivers often have a lack of knowledge
Failing health of the caregiver
Listening to the patient and caregiver
Changes in sleep patterns
43
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS).
False
True
44
Visual evoked potential (VEP) are the most useful test
False
True
45
Primary progressive MS is slow but steady worsening of symptoms
True
False
46
You can recognize MS through
Patient and family history
Neurological exam
Diagnostic testes
MRI
47
Caregivers are at risk for developing stress
False
True
48
Subjective burden
Observable & concrete cost to the caregiver for taking care of recipient
The caregiver's perception of the burden determines impact on their life
49
Some of the other tests include...?
Urine sample
Disease biomarkers
Blood tests
PET scan
50
Partners of people with MS often become caregivers, taking away the demands and challenges of family life.
True
False
51
Caregiver burden is a response to physical, social, and financial stressors due to caregiving
True
False
52
MS is the disease of the grey matter tissue of the CNS.
True
False
53
Visual evoked potential (VEP)
Detect slow or abnormal conduction patterns on all pathways.
Detect abnormalities before lesions are visible on standard MRI scans
Provides information about the brain's biochemistry
Tests reaction time
54
Caregiver burden is often diagnosed when married partners are assuming social and economic responsibilities
False
True
55
Neurological Exam Consists of?
Movement and coordination
Evaluate mental, emotional, and language functions
Surveys the functioning of the nerves Neurological exam
Essential component of a comprehensive evaluation for MS
56
Nurses need to teach caregivers:
How to monitor their own well-being
About increased sadness or depression
Warning signs of burden
About increased or decreased appetite
57
Risk of burden decreases if a partner is responsible for personal care of the patient
False
True
58
Bladder Problems include?
Experiencing Post-Void Rituals
Caused by interruption to the nerve fibres going to muscles of micturition
Catheterization
Cause repeated UTI, bladder infections
59
Magnetization transfer imaging (MTI)
Tests reaction time
Detect abnormalities before lesions are visible on standard MRI scans
Detect slow or abnormal conduction patterns on all pathways.
Provides information about the brain's biochemistry
60
Can be increased when the caregiver believes that the personality of the person with MS has changed
True
False
61
Urinary incontinence/Overactive Bladder solution consists of botox injections that's repeated to maintain it's benefits
True
False
62
MS is characterized by the abnormal growth of the myelin sheath surrounding the neurons, resulting in plaque formation
False
True
63
Men shared their pain and spoke of emotional needs.
False
True
64
The most difficult invisible symptom for the caregiver to understand is
fatigue
because...?
MS-related fatigue is very different from regular fatigue
MS-related fatigue is very different from regular fatigue
65
Visual evoked potential (VEP) confirms MS when a patient's visual fields test is abnormal
False
True
66
Assessment of Caregiver Burden
Described as hidden patients
Caregivers wives are more likely to experience depression than husbands
Financial strain, disease uncertainty, disrupted usual activities
Continuous caregiving contribute to significant mental health illnesses
67
Long-term adverse reactions
Cataracts
High blood glucose
Increased BP
68
Burden Interview
Financial concerns
21-item Likert-type scale questionnaire
Noticing changes in behaviour of the caregiver
Listening to the patient and caregiver
