Chemistry Chapter 15 & 17

the amount of acid or base that can be added before the buffer pH changes dramatically

partially dissociate, releasing fewer H+ions

number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Unstable radioactive isotopes

Rays used to treat cancer

In the body, buffers keep fluids like blood at the correct ? for healthy conditions

A science used in the Middle Ages with thegoal of changing ordinary metals into gold

When the OH- ions are released, the new solution is said to become

In chemistry, buffers calibrate

Vinegar is an example of a ??

breaks down into H+ and Cl- ions when dissolved

Occurs when a nucleus splits into smallerpieces

Found in most rocks, seawater, and Earth'scrust; has a halflife of 4.5 billion years

Bases turn litmus ??

Chemists can change one element intoanother through ?

All of transuranium elements undergo transmutation, do not occur in nature and are synthesized in the ?

Most accurate way to examine the C-14 content

blend of indicators that changes color over a wide range of acids and bases: ? indicators

breaks down into Na+ and OH- ions when dissolved

Drain cleaner is an example of a ??

Results from the breaking apart of a neutron into a proton and an electron

are substances that break down and release OH- ions when dissolved in water

After an organism dies, the C-14:C-12 ratio changes and can be used to estimate their ?

a substance derived from lichen and soaked onto paper

Bombard nuclei with fast moving particles:article ___.

The ratio of neutrons:protons for elementswith low atomic numbers

substances that break down and release H+ ions when dissolved in water

Occurs when nuclei combine to produce anew nucleus of greater mass

Bee stings hurt because they are highly

Occurs when particles emitted from theinitial reaction bombarded other nuclei,causing them to break

process by which substances spontaneously emit rays and particles

Believed by doing certain chemicalreactions, you could turn cheap metals togold

Wasp stings hurt because they are

260 nuclei that do not decay or change withtime are said to be

Every buffer is made to work at a set pH, which is called

Number of protons in a nucleus

used to rank how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale of 0-14

Completed the first artificial transmutation

a solution that resists changes to pH

substances that change color in the presence of an acid or a base