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APWH Units 3-4 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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APWH Units 3-4 Review
APWH Units 3-4 Review
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Units 3-4 Review
Flashcards
60 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
2
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
3
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
4
How did both the Qing Dynasty & Tokugawa Shogunate respond to European influence?
They cut off all contact with the outside world.
They encouraged the spread of Christianity in their territories.
They promoted Asian trade but limited European missionaries & merchants.
They allowed European merchants free trading privileges.
5
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
mit'a
encomienda
indentured servitude
chattel slavery
6
The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
7
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Created taxation systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
8
What was one way Peter the Great forcibly westernized and modernized Russia?
Dictated that Russia engage in industrialization.
Forced all Russian children to attend school
Forced Russian women to attend schools
Forced Russian men to shave their traditional beards
9
This
IVORY
statue from 17th century
INDIA
exported to
PORTUGAL
could be used as evidence to prove
Crown=proof that imperial states used art to reinforce their legitimacy.
India=proof that Asian trade goods were highly in demand.
Ivory=proof that Swahili merchants continued to trade African luxury goods.
Christ child=proof that Portuguese trading diffused Catholicism to Asia.
10
What city did the Ottoman Empire attack in 1453 and what were the consequences of it?
Moscow; end of Mongol rule in Muscovy
Isfahan; expansion of Ottoman Empire into Persia
Venice; Italian stat set up as a client kingdom of Ottomans
Constantinople; fall of the Byzantine Empire
11
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
12
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
silver-backed currencies.
colonies in the Americas.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
caravels using lateen sails.
13
The Colombian Exchange did all of the following EXCEPT...
decimate the Native American population
Make the Europeans believe in Native American religions
Produce a population from many different parts of the world
Introduce the horse to the Native Americans
14
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
15
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Security motivated their move into Central Asia.
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
16
Which of the following
WAS NOT
part of the Columbian Exchange?
Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans
Food of the Americas was transported and grown in Eurasia
Eurasian animals were transported and raised in Americas
African religious and food culture came to the Americas
17
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
18
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
19
The goal of the Spanish explorations into North America was to
expand the Spanish Empire to include more inhabitants
Find treasures in gold and silver
Seize settlements established by France
Convert Indians to the Protestant faith
20
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
21
The "casta system" was
a Latin American card game.
a racially based social hierarchy.
a type of imperial bureaucracy.
an economic system.
22
What was the
ECONOMIC EFFECT
of Europe's presence in Asia during this era?
Europe completely dominated all Asian markets
Europe's manufactured goods became highly in demand by Asian consumers
Europe's "trading posts" prospered by using silver to trade for luxuries.
Europe dominated Japan's markets, but was shutout of China
23
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
24
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
25
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
26
What did the Ottoman Empire and Chinese governments have in common?
Government dominated by the landed aristocracy
Creation of colonies
Heavy reliance on oversea trade
Extensive government bureaucracy
27
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
28
All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages
EXCEPT
:
His Spanish state-sponsored voyage created the 2nd maritime empire.
His ships were a new design known as a "caravel".
His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.
His voyages made Europeans interested in exploring beyond Afro-Eurasia.
29
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
30
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Islam
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Buddhism
Christianity and Judaism
31
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires ..
generated revenue through trade
developed military professionals
created tribute collection systems
developed bureaucratic elites
32
All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a
SOCIAL
consequence?
Some states increased in power because they profited from the trade.
The population of Africa stagnated even as Eurasia's rapidly grew.
Missionaries brought Christianity into Western and Central Africa.
More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.
33
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
34
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
35
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
36
All of these claims could be supported by this chart
EXCEPT
:
Over time, the VOC traded more within Asia than between Asia and Europe.
The Dutch Joint Stock Companies were more successful than England's.
The VOC was successful in transporting Asian luxuries to Europe.
The Netherlands formed "Joint Stock Companies" to trade.
37
What did the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal Empires have in common?
Use of nomadic tribes as cavalry troops
Use of religion to motivate expansion
Use of maritime trade
Use of gunpowder based weaponry
38
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were ORIGINALLY
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
Christian peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
39
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were ORIGINALLY
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
Christian peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
40
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Regional trade in the Americas
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
The Silk Road
41
Throughout the Americas, policies of the European empires were resisted by
maroon societies
. What were these?
Protestants & Catholics resisting religious laws.
Africans resisting slavery by running away & fighting for freedom.
Merchants resisting state tariffs (taxes) on trade.
Native Americans resisting land confiscation.
42
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army.
43
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
44
Which Maritime Empire is pictured here?
French
Dutch
British
Portuguese
45
Which region
WAS NOT
producing many consumer goods for the world market?
The Americas
East Asia
Africa
South Asia
46
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
47
Which Maritime Empire is pictured here?
British
Portuguese
French
Dutch
48
How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?
He was religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
He converted to Buddhist traditions.
He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
He converted to a new religion: Sikhism
49
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
50
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
51
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
52
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
53
What were the economies of Spanish Mexico and Peru built on?
Sugar plantations and rice plantations
Sugar plantations and copper mining
Sugar plantations and gold mining
Sugar plantations and Silver Mining
54
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
55
Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?
It was the first time a European state sponsored a transoceanic voyage.
It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.
It was the first exchange of plants and animals between hemispheres.
It was the first time Europeans reached the Western Hemisphere.
56
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
57
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Mit'a
Chattel Slavery
Encomienda System
Indentured Servitude
58
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy, spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Manchu Qing
the Mughals
the Safavids
the Ottomans
59
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
60
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Christianity and Islam
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Native American and African cultures
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
