The Enlightenment

Enlightenment thinkers produced the following long-term effect on Western civilization.

Monarchs who embraced the new Enlightenment ideas & made reforms that reflected the new spirit.

A new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals.

She ruled (1762-1796) & sought to reform Russia after reading the works of the philosophes.

Argued women needed an education to become virtuous; women should enter male-dominated fields

He argued that all people are born with 3 natural rights- life, liberty and property.

Created a large set of books which many scholars contributed articles, called Encyclopedia.

Voltaire never stopped fighting for tolerance, reason, freedom of religion and:

King of Austria; supported freedom of worship, introduced legal reforms & freedom of the press.

Locke's beliefs that gov. power comes from the consent of the people is the foundation of:

What new styles of art came during the Enlightenment?

Social gatherings where philosophers, writers, scientists and other intellects discussed ideas

What did Thomas Hobbes argue in his Social Contract?

King of Prussia (1740-1786) granted religious freedoms, reduced censorship, improved education

Montesquieu's argument that "Power should be a check to power" led to what concept?

Focused on the justice system; argued for speedy trials, abolition of torture & death penalty

Philosophe who believed the only good gov. was one that was freely formed by the people.

Enlightenment thinkers challenged:

Argued that if the gov. didn't protect people's natural rights, the people should overthrow it.

French philosophers who were social critics during the Enlightenment.

(T/F) From the Enlightenment Period came Classical music artists like Beethoven and Mozart.

Using satire against his opponents he made frequent targets of the clergy, aristocracy and gov.

How did the French gov. and the Church feel about the articles published in the Encyclopedia?

Argued that Separation of Powers within a gov. would keep any group/ person from too much power