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Duplicate of HIST 1301 End of term Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of HIST 1301 End of term
Duplicate of HIST 1301 End of term
106 terms
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history of science and technology
Flashcards
106 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
This astronomer wrote the 1512 Commentariolus which considered and refuted Ptolemy’s system
Copernicus
Galileo
Bellarmine
Brahe
2
This explorer and natural philosopher believed that you had to "be there".
von Humboldt
Darwin
Owen
Goethe
3
The "rise of the infantry" from 1200-1500 owed its success to what technology?
Crossbows
Archers
Mounted Knights
The Phallanx
4
Who discovered the neutron in 1932?
Chadwick
Rutherford
Thomson
Wilkins
5
Romantic who believed Newton had been deceived by Machines & proposed a new theory of colour
Shelley
Paley
Goethe
Blake
6
According to D'Alembert's philosophy of science all knowledge comes from:
Teachers
Senses
Inherited Wisdom
Books
7
Greek influence is evident in the ________ structure of the Roman Pantheon.
Dodecahedron
Spherical
Marble
Arched
8
This Renaissance anatomist combined print technology, Renaissance art and anatomical discovery.
Andreas Vesalius
Robert Boyle
Leonardo daVinci
Johanes Gutenberg
9
When was the terms "science" and "scientist" coined?
1800s
1600s
1700s
1500s
10
Goethe believed that there each plant had an
Urplflanze,
what was it?
The leaves
It's ability to produce other plants
The seed
Its fundamental form
11
This image is from the revolutionary text:
On the Fabric of the Human Body
Principia
Micrographia
Encyclopedie de Diderot
12
Which of the following was NOT an important prerequisite for scientific thinking?
Contact with other cultures
Democracy
Literacy
Prosperity
13
Who proposed the "plum pudding" model of the atom? (1904)
Wilkins
Thomson
Watson
Rutherford
14
Plato's Cosmos was the product of...
The will of the gods
The Big Bang
Reason and planning
Random combinations of atoms
15
Alvin M. Weinberg: "When history looks at the 20th century, she will see _ and _ as its theme;"
Advancements and Discoveries
Science and Technology
Atoms and Genes
War and Medicine
16
This machine was patented in 1769 by Richard Arkwright. What is it?
The spinning jenny
The water frame
The flying shuttle
The power loom
17
Who introduced the use of the ellipse into models of the solar system?
Newton
Copernicus
Galileo
Kepler
18
These illustrations are from....
Goethe's Metamorphosis of Plants
Laplace's System of the World
Owen's "The Nature of Limbs"
19
The three men in this image are:
Empedocles, Thomas Moore, Pythagoras
Aristotle, Saint Gerome, Plato
Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Plato
Socrates, Augustus, Aristotle
20
According to Goethe
Morphology
is the study of:
changes
spirit
power rangers
forms
21
Aristotle believed nature to be____________
A mystery
Tasty
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
22
Which of the following cannot be transmuted into the others?
Water
Earth
Fire
Air
23
If you attended a medieval university you would study
Business
Whatever you were most interested in
The seven liberal arts
Only what the church approved
24
"If I have seen far it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants."
Hooke
Copernicus
Newton
Darwin
25
This Englishman published the Novum (New) Organum in 1620
Isaac Newton
Robert Boyle
Roger Bacon
Francis Bacon
26
The first steam locomotive was introduced in 1814 by:
Richard Trevithick
James Watt
Thomas Newcomen
George Stephenson
27
Paley believed that his argument regarding the watch proved:
Wonders of evolution
Intelligent design
28
Plato called his supreme deity the___________.
Zeus
God
Unmoved mover
Demiurge
29
This inventor improved the Savery engine using atmospheric pressure to drive a piston downward
James Watt
Richard Trevithick
Thomas Newcomen
George Stephenson
30
In Greek architecture the stone that bridges the top of the columns is called a(n):
Ceiling
beam
Arch
Lintel
31
What is parallax?
The way that stars and planets appear to move across the sky
The infinite distance to the "fixed stars"
The way objects shift position because of your perspective
The differences between the terrestrial and celestial realms
32
Steam power became available to British factories after what year?
1813
1785
1833
1665
33
The Novum Organum challenged ancient authority, systems and methods. Organum means:
Book
Tool
Inquisition
Method
34
What does viviparous mean?
non-living
living
Born from eggs
Born live
35
Who won the Nobel Prize for having "discovered" the double-helical shape of DNA?
Franklin and Crick
Wilkins and Rutherford
Watson and Crick
Parsons and Bryant
36
Copernicus's On the revolutions of the heavenly spheres (1543):
Was written in the vernacular
Was a bestseller with many reprints
Proposed a heliocentric universe
Supported the biblical geocentric universe
37
Who wrote
The Principia
?
Voltaire
Newton
Lamarck
Bacon
38
Did Plato believe that you could trust your senses?
Yes
No
Only some of them
39
Conquerer Mehmet bypassed Byzantine defences by:
Using Greek Fire to burn the Byzantine fleet
Using gunpowder to create bombs
Hoisting ships out of the water and sliding them over land
Keeping Constantinople under siege until surrender
40
Who published The Starry Messenger in 1610?
Copernicus
Galileo
Kepler
Brahe
41
Aristotle proposed five elements: earth, air, water, fire, and.
Quintessence
Divine
Aether
Firmament
42
Fully Alphabetic Languages were developed by _____ and widely in use by ______
3000 BCE & 2000BCE
100 BCE & 200 CE
800 BCE & 500 BCE
1500 BCE & 800 BCE
43
This image is from
Hooke'sMicrographia
Diderot'sEncylcopedie
Lamark'sZoological Philosophy
Linnaeus'sSystem of Nature
44
Who founded the Academy in Athens in 388?
Plato
Socrates
Aristotle
Empedocles
45
What big science project located its main laboratory at Los Alamos, New Mexico?
The Trinity Project
Linus Pauling's DNA laboratory
The Human Genome Project
The Manhattan Project
46
Cultural movement that responded against the percieved Enlightenment mechanization of world:
Renaissance
Nostalgia
Romanticism
Newtonism
47
What is a cathode tube?
None of these
Tube to contain radioactive elements so as to be safe
A tube with a partial vacuum with electrodes at each end.
Used be Einstein to demonstrate his theory of relativity.
48
The Islamic Empire imported paper making technology from this Empire
Roman
Ottoman
Greek
Chinese
49
According to Aristotle's theory of Levity fire will always ____
Move toward the sun
Move toward the centre of the universe
Move away from the centre of the universe
50
This French thinker tried to replace Aristotelianism with his own system.
Francois Poulain
Andreas Vesalius
Voltaire
Rene Descartes
51
This inventor had to repurpose his engine for entertainment - Watt had cornered the mine market
Trevithick
Savery
Newcomen
Stephenson
52
The medieval Trivium (pictured here) consisted of which of the following:
Medicine, Law, Theology
Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic
Mathematics, Astronomy, Geometry
Writing, Reading, Arithmetic
53
The pictured medieval technology is a:
Rice Paddle
Water Wheel
Flour Mill
Saw mill
54
Who developed the theory of the archetype (in biology/science)?
Paley
Darwin
Owen
Goethe
55
A Cosmogony seeks to
Understand how the universe works
Pass on history
Explain the origins of the universe
Explain the basic laws of physics
56
_____ didn't believe that the earth's cycles could result in permanent extinction
Lyell
Lamark
Paley
Owen
57
Who lived the earliest?
Descartes
Newton
Galileo
Bacon
58
Early manufactories (factories) had to be located near what?
train tracks
water
towns
mines
59
What is the motto of the Enlightenment?
Trust No One
Dare to Know
Take Nobody's Word for It
Look for Evidence
60
This frontispiece to Spratt's History of the Royal Society depicts Brouckner, Charles II and:
Robert Hooke
Robert Boyle
Isaac Newton
Francis Bacon
61
Galileo's drawings of the moon were revolutionary because:
There was a face on the moon
It demonstrated the perfection of the cosmos
The moon was not a perfect sphere
he moon was bigger than previously thought
62
d'Alembert:
The goal of science should be to reduce things to ______ & thereby understand them.
fundamental natures
innate structures
basic features
mechanical properties
63
Among the Platonic Solids the Dodecahedron represented ______
Air
Strife
The universe
Water
64
According to Aristotle's theory of Levity a book sitting on a desk is subject to forced motion.
False
True
65
This is an illustration of:
Bibliomania
Clinomania
Polkamania
Pteridomania
66
Ptolemy used what to explain retrograde motion?
Aristotelian physics
Elipses
Platonic solids
Epicylces
67
Hutton argued that the story of the earth was cyclical and had a purpose, it was:
to make the earth habitable
a mystery
to demonstrate God's power
to confuse geologists
68
Who invented the ballistic pendulum?
Newton
Robins
Watt
Boyle
69
According to Aristotle which classification of animal belonged highest on the hierarchy?
crustacea
testacea
oviparous quadrupeds
viviparous quadrupeds
70
The Almagest,an ancient work that influenced Renaissance astronomer Copernicus, was written by:
Ptolemy
Pythagoras
Galen
Aristotle
71
Which of the following were one of the flaws of Savery's pump?
It burned wood to create steam and trees were scarce
It could only be located near water so too far from mines
You needed horses to operate it
Limited power, it could only remove a few meters of water
72
By 3500 BCE Humans could
Explain eclipses
Read and write
Use universal mathematical symbols
Anticipate seasons
73
According to Aristotle plants, animals, and humans all possessed ____
Sensitive Soul
Rational Soul
Nutritive Soul
74
Among the Platonic Solids the Tetrahedron represented ________
Fire
Water
Love
Air
75
19. Aristotle believed that you could trust your senses?
Yes, totally!
Meh, sometimes
No, never!
76
Who published a series of lectures called "What is life" and set the hunt for genetic material?
Francis Crick & James Watson
Erwin Schrödinger
Herbert Spencer
Thomas Hunt Morgan
77
What was the most common incorporation agent used combine the substances that made gunpowder?
milk
wine
urine
water
78
Aristotle believed the Sphere of the Cosmos to be divided into the ________ realms
Wet and Dry
Starry and Earthy
Earth and Air
Celestial and Terrestrial
79
The Aristotelian Universe was:
geocentric
heliocentric
heliostatic
80
Who wrote the
Almagest?
Copernicus
Kepler
Ptolemy
Newton
81
Newton's second law can be summed up by the equation:
E=MC2
F=ma
la=f
M=fa
82
This painting by Blake is of:
Plato
Newton
Galileo
Voltaire
83
Which was founded first? (In 1660)
Academie des Sciences
Royal Institution
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Royal Society of London
84
The Principia by Isaac Newton was revolutionary because:
It refuted all previous systems of nature
It proved Galileo wrong
It proposed common laws for terrestrial and celestial region
It was heretical
85
Who published the
Starry Messenger
in 1610?
Bacon
Galileo
Newton
Kepler
86
This thinker tried to combine the Copernican, Aristotelian universes and the work of Plato:
Kepler
Bellarmine
Brahe
Newton
87
Which of Plato's dialogues survived almost intact through the Middle Ages?
On Virtue
Timaeus
Theagues
The Republic
88
What technology does Jared Diamond argue is most important for societies to grow?
Organizational
Industrial
Weaponry
Agricultural
89
Among the Platonic Solids the Cube represented ________
Air
Earth
Water
Strife
90
The Royal Society of London's Coat of Arms reads “Nullius in verba” which means:
Trust only your mind
Take nobody's word for it
Reason will prevail
Nothing but truth
91
Rutherford ended up disproving this model of the atom as he was trying to prove. What was it?
Newtonian Model
Rutherford model
Bohr Model
Plum Pudding Model
92
Thomas Savery referred to his method/steam pump by what term?
miner's helper
steam engine
water by fire
water vacuum
93
_________ believed nature to be intrinsic, while ___________ believed it to extrinsic.
Plato, Pre-Socratics
Pre-Socratics, Plato
94
Bacon believed that lack of progress was due to ....
lack of skill
lack of knowledge
lack of imagination
lack of application
95
Who proved the chromosomal theory of heredity using
drosophila melanogaster
?
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Herbert Spencer
Gregory Mendel
Charles Darwin
96
von Humbolt is to _______________, as Descartes is to __________
Aistotle, Plato
Plato, Aristotle
Socrates, Plato
97
Lamarck's theory of evolution is called:
Acquired traits
Spontaneous generation
Orthogenisis
98
__________ proposed that the world was separated into fire, air, earth, water, love & strif
Leucippus
Anaximander
Empedocles
Thales
99
By _ all extant Greek works on medicine, natural phil., logic & math were translated to Arabic
1200CE
1000CE
336CE
1426CE
100
The Agricultural Revolution in Medieval Europe resulted in:
A heavy reliance on manual labour
The end of small farms and farming
A move to mechanical rather than animal/human power
Widespread unemployment and starvation
101
This is a drawing of:
Newton's three laws of motion
Newton's crucial experiment
Newton's orbital cannon
Newton's law of gravity
102
What was the most pressing question for philosophers of the 6th century BCE?
Is change possible?
Are there gods?
How does the earth move?
What am I?
103
Brahe proposed a system to reconcile observation and belief. What was at the centre?
Sun
Earth
Man
God
104
Which if these would NOT be considered one of Aristotle's "bloodless" animals?
crab
sea anemone
shark
dragonfly
105
The Quadrivium (pictured here) was comprised of:
Geometry, Arithmetic, Astronomy, Music
Logic, Rhetoric, Law, Theology
Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, Composition
Geometry, Arithmetic, Calculus, Algebra
106
Whose system is this?
Nicholas Copernicus
Johannes Kepler
Tycho Brahe
Isaac Newton
