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Chpt. 12: Toxicology & Hazards - Mr. Palmieri Flashcards | StudBud
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Chpt. 12: Toxicology & Hazards - Mr. Palmieri
Chpt. 12: Toxicology & Hazards - Mr. Palmieri
40 terms
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#grade_09 #grade_10 #grade_11 #grade_12 #science #math
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1
________ prevent specific viruses from infecting your body by providing immunity.
Antiobiotics
Antiviral medications
Vaccines
Antidotes
2
This biological system is responsible for producing antibodies to protect from disease and harmful substances.
cardiovascular
nervous
endocrine
immune
3
The measurement of an amount of drug it takes to produce the target pharmacological effect.
Toxicity
Efficacy (EC50)
Response
Potency
4
A danger or risk can also be known as a
reward
toxicity
probability
hazard
5
The amount of a substance that kills at least 50% of the test population exposed to the substance is called the
Toxic Dose
LD50
Lethal Dose
Mortality rate
6
________ can cause generalized necrosis (cell death) or can stop cells from growing and dividing normally.
Neurotoxins
Hemotoxins
Cytoxins
Myotoxins
7
A ______ hazard can include lack of education, crime, poverty, famine, and war.
neighborhood
lifestyle
cultural
social
8
Chemicals or forms of radiation that cause or increase genetic mutations
teratogens
carcinogens
estrogens
mutagens
9
The measure of the ability of a substance to cause injury, illness, or death.
Toxicity
Danger profile
Potency
Risk
10
The study of the distribution and the factors of disease in human populations using statistics is called
virology
hazardology
epidemiology
toxicology
11
The reaction or damage resulting from exposure to a chemical.
Lethality
Potency
Response
Toxicity
12
The amount of a substance an individual injects, ingests, inhales, or absorbs through skin.
The lethal dose (LD50)
The dose (mg)
The threshold dose (LOAEL)
The parts per million (ppm)
13
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has an oral LD50 of 1910mg/kg. How many grams of THC is lethal for a body weight of 130lb?
112,863 g
112.863 g
11,2863 g
1128.63 g
14
Aspirin has an LD50 of 400mg/kg. How many 500mg asprin tablets would be lethal to a 15-pound human baby?
9-10 tablets
3-4
7-8 tablets
5-6 tablets
15
The treatment of bacterial infections requires the administration of
antibiotics
antiparasitic medications
antiviral medications
antidotes
16
A ______ hazard includes natural disasters, predation and accidents in the environment.
independent
meteorological
physical
lifestyle
17
Regulates metabolic growth, sex characteristics, and behavior by hormones released through a complex network of glands.
The immune system
The lymphatic system
The endocrine system
The cardiovascular system
18
Substances that harm the nervous system. (behavioral changes, learning disabilities, paralysis, coma, death)
Cyotoxins
Neurotoxins
Myotoxins
Hemotoxins
19
Soil, air, water, and food contamination are examples of _______ hazards.
lifestyle
toxic
biological
chemical
20
___________ are meant to treat viruses that have already entered the body by slowing down the infection process.
Antacids
Antiobiotics
Vaccines
Antiviral medications
21
_______ can cause instantaneous paralysis and/or rapid necrosis of muscle cell and muscle tissue.
Myotoxins
Neurotoxins
Hemotoxins
Cytotoxins
22
A disease that does not get passed on to others is called
contagious
noncommunicable
communicable
nontransmissible
23
The use of statistics to estimate harm from a hazard is know as
risk assessment
epidemiology
risk management
a risk
24
Chemicals that harm and cause birth defects, in which genetic changes can pass on to the next generation
carcinogens
teratogens
hard illegal drugs
mutagens
25
An outbreak of disease that has spread over multiple countries or continents.
Endemic
Pandemic
Epidemic
Global outbreak
26
Certain viruses, some types of radiation, and chemicals that can cause cancer are called
mutagens
toxins
carcinogens
teratogens
27
Any biological microorganism that can cause disease is known as a
bacteria
pathogen
parasite
virus
28
An infectious disease that
can
be passed from one person to another is called
noncommunicable
transmissible
nontransmissible
noncontagious
29
Ethanol has an LD50 of 7,060mg/kg. How many grams would be lethal for an individual who weighs 115 lbs?
369,045 g
369.045 mg
369 g
369 mg
30
A ________ hazard can include exposure to pathogens.
chemical
cultural
biological
physical
31
The treatment of fungal infections requires the administration of
antivenoms
antiparasitic medications
antibiotics
antifungal medications
32
A disease outbreak that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region.
Endemic
Epidemiology
Epidemic
Pandemic
33
________ destroy red blood cells, disrupt blood clotting, and/or cause organ degeneration and tissue damage.
Neurotoxins
Myotoxins
Hemotoxins
Cytotoxins
34
Arsenic has an LD50 of 15mg/kg. How many grams of arsenic is toxic to an individual who weighs 165 lbs?
112.5 g
1.125 g
11.25 g
1,125 g
35
Malnutrition, overnutrition, and smoking, drug/substance abuse are considered unhealthy _______
cultural upbringings
genetic disorders
lifestyle choices
biological dependencies
36
Inland Taipan venom has an LD50 of 0.03mg/kg. What is the LD50 of this venom for a 100lb human?
1.36 mg
13.6 g
13.6 mg
136 mg
37
The probability of one’s health being harmed by a hazard that can cause injury, disease, or death is
risk management
a risk
toxicity
risk assessment
38
The study of the adverse effects of chemical or biological exposure.
toxicology
epidemiology
toxicity
hazardology
39
The decisions about whether and how to reduce hazards is called
a risk
risk management
risky business
risk assessment
40
The minimum dose of drug that triggers minimal detectable biological effects in an animal.
Target Pharmacological Dose
Threshold Dose
Lethal Dose
Effective Dose
