Psychology Session 5 Objectives

Basic colour categories corresponding differently to light wavelengths.

Which of the following is true about the Müller-Lyer Illusion?

Perceptual misconstructions, like hallucinations and reality testing, are examples of...

Degree to which the two eyes must turn inward to focus on an object.

The snail-shaped organ that makes up the inner ear

Other monocular depth cues; found in paintings, drawings and photographs

The Ishihara test is a test for colour-blindness and color weakness.

Transparent membrane covering the front of the eye that bends waves inward.

Pain carried by large nerve fibers,; sharp, bright, fast pain that tells your body is damage

Fluid filled sacs sensitive to movement, acceleration, and gravity.

Patterns allowing more than one interpretation. (goes along with perceptual hypothesis)

Photoreceptors for dim light; only produce black and white; about 120 million in each eye.

Light-sensitive layer of the cells at the back of the eye.

Which of the following is true about the Sensory Conflict Theory?

Which of the basic taste sensations are we the most and least sensitive too (descending order)?

Change in the lens thickness; a cue to depth; closer the object, the harder the eye must work

Reduction in sensory receptor activity in response to unchanging stimuli.

Light-sensitive cells in the retina.

Reduction of processing load on the brain because sensory receptors do not transduce everything

Structure in the eye that focuses light rays.

Stimuli that are near each other tend to be grouped together.

Pre-existing knowledge that is used to rapidly organize features into a meaningful whole.

Purported ability to perceive events in ways that cannot be explained by capacities of senses.

Changes in the shape of the lens of the eye intended to focus light at the back, on the retina.

Control balance, acceleration and position in space

The type of sensation you experience depends on which brain area is activated.

The sensory apparatus of the inner ear that helps the body maintain its postural equilibrium.

The visible, external part of the ear.

Inability to perceive colors; lacks cones or has malfunctioning cones.

Change in the brain that alters how we construct sensory information into perception.

Which of the following is NOT true about sensorineural hearing loss?

The minimal difference between two stimuli required before two stimuli are coded as different.

Photoreceptors for colors and bright light (daylight); 5 million in each eye.

Stimuli that are found within a common area tend to be seen as a group.

The physical sound intensity; corresponds to perceived loudness.

Sense of smell is called...

Perceives shape of an object is unaffected by changes in retinal image.

Difficulty focusing on distant objects (nearsightedness)

The theory that states that higher and lower tones excite specific areas of the cochlea.

Analyzing information starting at the bottom (small units) and going upward to form perception.

Possible fifth taste sensation with a brothy taste

Apparatus that looks like the edge of a cliff on one side and a table top on the other.

The amplitude, or height of the waves.

Which of the following is one of the three small bones that make up the auditory ossicles?

Which of the following is true about the cocktail party effect?

In which of the following are the tympanic membrane and ossicles most likely damaged?

Visual sensation that remains after stimulus is removed (seeing a flashbulb)

Which of the following is NOT true about frequency?

Initial plan or guess about how to actively guide our interpretation of sensations.

Small nerve fibers; slower, nagging, aching, widespread, gets worse if stimulus is repeated

Inability to distinguish some colours (recessive sex-linked trait on X chromosome)

Which of the following is damage caused by exposing hair cells to excessively loud sounds?

Apparent brightness of an object stays the same under changing lighting conditions.

Which of the following would benefit from a amplifier (hearing aid)?

Ingrained patterns of organization and attention.

Which of the following is NOT included in Trichromatic theory?

Failure to perceive a stimulus that is in plain view but not the focus of attention.

Pain messages from different nerve fibers pass through the same "neural gate" to spinal cord.

The opening at the front of the eye through which light passes.

The rare faction of sound waves (air molecules being rhythmically compressed) cause hearing.

Taste buds are receptor cells and their activation sets off nerve impulses in the brain.

Meaningful patterns produced when the brain organized sensations.

Depth perception: ability to see three- dimensional space and to accurately judge distance.

Light sensitive pigment in the rods; involved with night vision.

Visual acuity is sharpness of visual perception.

Tunnel vision is the loss of peripheral vision.

Detects movement in semicircular canals when fluid swirls in response to movement

Area of the retina lacking receptors.

Perception tend toward simplicity and continuity.

Mental models of external events that are actively created by you brain.

Difficulty focusing caused by loss of flexibility in the lens due to aging.

Inborn;part of a stimulus stands out as an object (figure)against a plainer background(ground).

Information arriving at the brain form the sense organs.

Nearness in time and space; perception that one thing has caused another.

Three small bones that vibrate; link eardrum with the cochlea

Perceived size of an object remains constant, despite changes in its retinal image size.

Discrepancy in the images that reach the right and left eyes.

The minimum amount of physical energy necessary to produce a sensation.

Converting important information features of the world into messages understood by the brain.

How we assemble sensations into meaningful patterns is...

Three fluid-filled tubes in ears that are sensory organs for balance.

Area at the center of the retina containing only cones (50,000).

Which of the following is true about Trichromatic theory?

An absolute threshold is also referred to as a JND (just noticeable difference).

Receptor cells within the cochlea that transduce vibrations into the ear.

Fusion of the two different retinal images into one overall 3-D image.

Which of the following is true about noise-induced hearing loss?

The sense of taste...

Two-dimensional pattern that cannot be organized into a stable, consistent, or 3-D image.

Degree to which wavelengths of light are "pure" or mixed.

Vision at the edges of visual field; side vision.

Coloured circular muscle that controls the amount of light entering the eye.

Detect body position and movement.

Colour vision theory based on three "systems" red or green, blue or yellow, black or white.

A transducer is a devise that converts one kind of energy to another.

Poor transfer of sounds from the outer ear (eardrum) to inner ear.

Tendency to complete a figure so that it has a consistent overall form.

Stimuli that are similar in size, shape, colour, or form tend to be grouped together.

Process by which the senses divide the world into important perceptual features.

The loss or impairment of the sense of smell.

As pitch rises, nerve impulses of a corresponding frequency are fed into the auditory nerve.

The narrow spread of the electromagnetic spectrum to which the eyes respond.

Corneal or lens defect that causes some area of vision to be out of focus; relatively common.

Depth cue that can be sensed with two eyes.

Which part of the ear are the auditory ossicles located?

Figure and ground that can be reversed.

The study of relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations they evoke in a observer.

The amount of receptors activated relate to the strength of the odor.

Difficulty focusing on nearby objects (farsightedness)

Features of the environment and messages from the body that supply information about distance.

If you can regulate a painful stimulus, you cannot control it.

Sensations produced by skin, muscles, joint, viscera, and organs of balance are...

Voluntary focusing based on the brain structure's ability select or divert incoming messages.

Which part of the ear are the pinna and tympanic membrane located?

Which of the following is a characteristic of a perceptual feature?

The theory that states odors have specific shapes and the receptors have complementary shapes.