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Basic Theory Ch.5 Chemistry: Basic Theory Ch.5 Chemistry
Flashcards
86 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Humectants are what type of ingredients?
body building
promotes dryness
moisturizing
frizz control
2
Which of the following conditions is an example of chemical change?
oxygen and hydrogen combining to form water
water to ice
water to steam
3
mixtures of fats & oils converted to fatty acids by heat & then purified is called
powders
suspensions
ointments
soaps
4
an example of chemical change is
perming
using a blow dryer
styling the hair on rollers
shampooing hair
5
anything that occupies space..... is everwhere
solids
liquids
matter
gases
6
Mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are:
emulsions
solvents
ointments
suspensions
7
what is formed when two or more non mixable substances are united with the help of a binder?
powder
emulsion
ointment
solution
8
the most popular lightener that has added conditioners to make it gentle for the hair is
liquid lightener
powder lightener
cream lightener
oil lightener
9
Two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n):
neutron
protien
atom
molecule
10
Using a conditioner would help achieve all of the following results EXCEPT:
increase new hair growth
add shine
protect against further damage
alter the way hair behaves
11
What color does blue litmus paper turn when placed in an acid?
green
red
white
purple
12
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called:
atoms
elements
neutrons
solids
13
which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
amino acids cause a simple physical change
protein chains connect to other protein chains
salt bonds connect to amino acids
14
A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n):
solvent
ointment
emulsion
powder
15
when two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom the result is water, which is called?
element
atom
compound
mixture
16
On the pH scale, numbers less than 7 indicate a(n):
neutral solution
chemical solution
acidic solution
alkaline solution
17
in the process of making a cup of hot chocolate, what does the powdered chocolate represent?
solvent
a dilute solution
solute
a concentrated solution
18
ability of hair to stretch and return to its natural shape without breaking is called?
elasticity
manageability
porosity
appearance
19
Which shampoo contains temporary color molecules that adhere to the outer cuticle of the hair and deposit color?
soapless shampoo
vinegar shampoo
color shampoo
all purpose shampoo
20
what is the pH of hair that has been permed, colored, sculpted within the last few months
4.5-5.5
2.5-3.5
1.0-2.2
7.0-8.2
21
two or more atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a
molecule
electron
neutron
protein
22
the ability to absorb moisture, liquids or chemicals refer to the hair's ________
manageability
appearance
porosity
elasticity
23
which of the following classifications would identify emulsions that are generally stylist use
oil- in- water emulsion
loose particles
water-in- oil emulsion
deodorant
24
a chemical change in matter occurs when water freezes to become ice
true
false
25
Calamine lotion would fall under which cosmetic classification?
ointments
suspension
emulsion
exfoliate
26
a surfactant is used to
condition hair
change hair color
add oil to hair
remove oil from hair
27
Matter with definite weight, volume and shape is known as:
atom
a gas
proton
a solid
28
mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are
solutions
emulsions
ointments
suspensions
29
oil loving
ointment
hydrophilic
cream
lipophilic
30
all of the following statements regarding pH are true except
solutiions with equal hydrogen & hydroxide ions are neutral
a pH measurement scale ranges from 0-14
pH is a unit measurment; substance acidic,neutral, alkaline
a solution is acidic if it has more negative hydroxide ions
31
Hair consists of 97%:
keratin
water
silk
protons
32
acid balanced indicates that the pH range falls within the acid range of 6.5-10.5
true
false
33
perms using thioglycolic acid; higher pH value than those using glycerylmonothioglycolate
true
false
34
pH balanced refers to a product that ranges from a pH of:
9-11
4.5-5.5
2.3-4
7.5-8.5
35
Which of the following items has/have definite weight and volume but no definite shape?
conditioners, solutions and shampoos
hair
oxygen
hydrogen
36
the primary ingredient of most shampoos is
minerals
dimethicones
conditioner
deionized water
37
Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex?
instant conditioner
ointments
body building conditioner
normalizing
38
The scientific study of matter and the physical changes in matter is called?
chemistry
chemists
cosmetology
biology
39
What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional?
disulfide bond
friend bond
side bond
peptide bond
40
Ammonia, a colorless gas with a strong odor is composed of hydrogen and
sodium
sulfur
carbon
nitrogen
41
A shampoo type generally recommended for clients who are bedridden and cannot wet their hair is known as:
conditioning shampoo
wet shampoo
soapless shampoo
non-aerosol powder dry shampoo
42
basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called
solids
elements
compound
molecules
43
the pH measurement scale indicates whether a substance is
hard or soft
acidic, neutral or alkaline
organic or inorganic
a liquid,solid or gas
44
the pH of skin, hair and scalp is in which of the following ranges
6.5-7.5
8.5-10.5
4.5-5.5
11.0-12.0
45
Which bonds found in the hair can be easily broken by heat or water?
hydrogen bonds
van der whal forces
disulfide bonds
peptide bonds
46
Why is it sometimes recommended to add heat during the process when working with conditioners?
to strengthen the cuticle
to loosen the cuticle
to close cuticle
to open the cuticle
47
hair is a form of protein called keratin
true
false
48
Which of the following descriptions identifies shampoos for thinning hair?
weighs hair down
obtained with prescription
high alkaline soap base
do not cause damage or weigh the hair down
49
using a conditioner would help achieve all of the following results EXCEPT?
protect against further damage
fortify damaged areas
increase new hair growth
alter the way the hair behaves
50
the bonds that hold protein chains together in order to build hair is called
covalent bonds
ionic bonds
side bonds
water bonds
51
The simplest atomic structure is:
oxygen
hydrogen
carbon
sulfer
52
A conditioner ingredient that gives dry hair a smooth feel and makes hair easier to comb is:
hydrogen peroxicide
fatty alochols
quats
ointment
53
A pH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a pH of 6?
5
7
10
20
54
Which of the following shampoo types is designed to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders?
dry shampoo
medicated shampoo
all purpose shampoo
color shampoo
55
what is the name given to purifying water by passing it through a porous substance?
emulsion
hydrophilic
sedimentation
filtration
56
product label lists the following ingredients: "water, cetyl alcohol, tocopherol and panthenol," which would be highest
water
panthenol
tocopherol
alcohol
57
all matter that is living or once was living contains carbon and deals with
anatomy
organic chemistry
inorganic chemistry
physics
58
Which of the following shampoos would NOT be used for chemically treated or damaged hair?
non stripping shampoo
all purpose shampoo
acid balanced
plain shampoo
59
a pH of 5 is how many more times acidic that a pH of 6
1000
1.5
10
100
60
The type of rinse used to control minor dandruff and scalp conditions is a:
conditioning rinse
medicated rinse
power rinse
vinegar rinse
61
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
van der waals forces
linking together of protien chains
chemical change
physical change
62
a substance with a pH of 6 would be
alkaline
salty
neutral
acidic
63
Which of the following cosmetic classifications requires sifting until free-of-coarse gritty particles?
suspension
solvents
powder
ointments
64
a substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called
powder
solvent
soap
ointment
65
substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain
salt
carbon
water
hydrogen
66
water loving
ointment
water
hydrophilic
lipophilic
67
Water freezing and becoming ice is an example of what type of change?
solvent
chemical
physical
elemental
68
On the pH scale, numbers greater than 7 indicate a(n):
alkaline solution
neutral solution
acidic solution
chemical solution
69
How far can healthy hair be stretched without breaking when wet?
50%
40%
20%
75%
70
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is a water molecule, which is a(n):
atom
compound
solvent
mixture
71
what is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the cosmetologist?
hydrogen bond
van der waal's forces
salt bond
disulfide bond
72
most shampoos contain an ingredient called _____ that acts as a cleansing agent to remove oil
hydrophilic
porosity
elasticity
surfactant
73
cleansing the hair & scalp & removing all foreign matter without affecting the scalp or hair
shampooing
conditioning
relaxing
rinsing
74
The atomic number of a particular element indicates:
the number of protons in a single atom
the number of atoms in a single element
the number of neutrons in a single atom
the number of electrons in a single atom
75
which shampoo contains temporary color molecules that adhere to the hair and deposit color
acid balanced shampoo
color shampoo
all purpose shampoo
soapless shampoo
76
which of the following terms means non-mixable?
solution
immiscible
miscible
solvent
77
when you wet hair, you're causing the disulfide bonds to weaken, leaving your hair pliable
true
false
78
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
bonding of protien chains to other protien chains
amino acids cause a simple physical change
salt bonds connecting
79
Matter with definite weight but indefinite volume and shape is called:
liquid
solvent
organic
a gas
80
the three basic forms that matter exists as are solids,liquids and atoms
true
false
81
Carbon is a solid
true
false
82
a mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed would be an
suspension
solution
emulsion
ointment
83
What color does red litmus paper turn when placed in an alkali?
red
purple
green
blue
84
Acids tend to taste:
wonderful
salty
sweet
sour
85
distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered
neutral
an alkali
an acid
a salt
86
Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain:
carbon
water
salt
sulfer