Module 2

respond to lines of specific lengths and orientations:

What was a significant outcome of Phineas Gage’s frontal lobe damage?

Is there retinotopic mapping after V1?

what is the critical period for visual development?

What can damage to the occipital lobe cause?

Rene Descartes - the first to consider localisation of function & believed pineal gland was the seed of consciousness

What was the diagnosis of patient H.M.?

Areas at the start of the visual stream:

what provides blood supply to the eye?

What is declarative memory?

Wernicke’s aphasia (a lesion in the temporal lobe) relates to problems in hearing and input rather than speaking

Top-down processing is interpreting sensory information based on existing knowledge, concepts, ideas, and expectations.

depressions in the brain are called Gyri.

What does bottom-up processing in the visual system involve?

A lesion in Broca’s area, located in the left frontal lobe, can cause impaired output of language.

What is a characteristic symptom of damage to the motor areas of the brain?

what is the first area of the visual stream?

The part of the retina on the side of the blindspot closest to the temporal lobe. Looks inwards:

Mishkin & Ungerleider (1982) found that:

Damage to the optic fibres on the right side after the optic chiasm (where they cross) will cause:

There are more cones than rods.

Frontal lobe lesions typically cause:

What is a characteristic of binocular depth cues?

The early visual pathway: eyes -> LGN -> V1

what does wavelength of light determine

what is the name for the sheet of cells at the back of the eye

WHAT pathway, pattern perception, cells know what shape something is (down from V1 to temporal lobe):

Do monkeys who have never seen a face still have feature detector cells for faces?

What is a common symptom of damage to the parietal lobe?

What is a characteristic of ventral simultagnosia?

light hitting the centre excites a cell and light hitting the surroundings inhibits it. what is this known as?

The trichromatic theory of color vision proposes three cone types in the retina.

Sensory organs absorb energy and then transduce the energy into an electrical potential.

The fact that you can recognize the different forms of an ambiguous figure is evidence for:

What is the role of the optic chiasm in visual processing?

Define sensation:

What two structures in the eye are responsible for focusing the image on the retina?

What is a symptom of right parietal lobe damage?

point to point mapping of the external world onto the retina is replicated on:

the area of the retina which when stimulated by light causes a neural change in the activity of the cell: 

What is the executive area of the brain?

Fritsch & Hitzig discovered that the brain is an electrical structure by electrically stimulating the precentral gyrus.

What can damage to the superior temporal gyrus cause?

Sound perception: the cochleal hairs receive sound, these synapses with neurons send impulse to A1 in the temporal lobe

What is a symptom of right medial temporal lobe damage?

What is a symptom of left homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing?

the bulge in the front of the eye that focuses and places the image so it falls on the retina:

Cones:

What does the nasal retina do?

in which lobe is V1?

the axons of retinal ganglion cells form:

What is a characteristic symptom of left parietal damage?

What is a characteristic symptom of damage to V5 in the visual processing pathway?

Superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, medial temporal lobe make up which lobe?

Achromatopsia (complete colour blindness) relates to:

Gall & Spurzheim created Phrenology, which was widely accepted by the scientific community of their time.

Failing to see the scene as a whole but appreciating there is more than one object in the scene is characteristic of: