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Chapter 7: Thinking & Intelligence Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 7: Thinking & Intelligence
Chapter 7: Thinking & Intelligence
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1
The process whereby we acquire and apply information is known as _____________.
cognition
learning
perception
intelligence
2
________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences
images
concepts
reflections
evaluations
3
Margo can't close the window. She complains her papers are blowing John puts a coffee mug on top She is suffering from
noncompensatory modeling
noncompensatory modeling
functional fixedness
inadequate means-end analysis
4
Director for a college keeps the admissions policy since 80% of the students admitted graduate. Her decision process is
creating subgoals
the representativeness heuristic
Option 3hill-climbing
the availability heuristic
5
The tendency to perceive and approach problems in certain ways is called ________.
Mental set
Prototypical idealization
Noncompensatory modeling
means-end analysis
6
The basic sound units of any language are called ________.
lexicon
phonemes
sound bites
morphemes
7
Tendency to look for evidence in support of a belief & to ignore evidence that would disprove a belief is called the ___
idealized cognitive model
availability heuristic
confirmation bias
representativeness heuristic
8
The smallest meaningful units in a language are ________.
Semantics
Phonemes
Morphemes
Processors
9
Rules of thumb that do not guarantee a solution but may help bring one within reach are called ________.
algorithms
heuristics
problem states
functional sets
10
Gardner and his associates are known for proposing the ________.
Theory of emotional intelligence
Generalized theory of intelligence
Triarchi theory of intelligence
Theory of multiple intelligences
11
Currently _ refers to superior IQ combined with demonstrated/potential ability in area as academic aptitude & creativity
Giftedness
Genius
Savant performance
Precocious
12
Ken shows the radius of a circle is 5 ft but he needs to calculate the diameter. The most effective solution strategy is
algorithm
noncompensatory model
heuristic
means-end analysis
13
Problem solving strategy based on successive elimination of incorrect solutions until the correct one is found is called
trial and error
information retrieval
hill-climbing
heuristics
14
A uniquely human capability that may separate us from all other animals is ________.
emotion
color vision
problem solving
language
15
Belinda takes a psychology test & it's a multiple choice test What type of thinking will be necessary for her to do well
divergent thinking
circular thinking
convergent thinking
functional thinking
16
When a person thinks of a concept such as “bird,” the person usually ________.
Identify the particular type of bird before a concept of a bird generated
A prototype of a bird that capture for them the essence of the concept
eliminates all attributes of being a nonbird
constructs a mental list of key attributes of a bird
17
His team wins a game on a risky play he KNEW that would win the game He wasn't sure it would work His thinking is
the confirmation bias
framing
counterfactual thinking
hindsight bias
18
According to Sternberg, the ability to find solutions to personal problems involves ________ intelligence
Analytical
Exponential
Creative
Practical
19
Failing to see that a wrench can also be used to hammer a nail is an example of ________.
learned helplessness
reproductive thinking
positive transfer
functional fixedness
20
How effectively people perceive and understand their own feelings and the feelings of others & manage their own feelings
Emotive
Maturational
Empathic
Emotional
21
The phenomenon in which among the population as a whole, IQ scores have been increasing over decades is known as the
Option 4Phi Phenomenon
Flynn Effect
Peter Principle
Barnum Effect
22
A major difference between the Stanford-Binet test and the WAIS is that the ________.
Stanford-Binet test is made especially for the elderly
Stanford-Binet test measures a wider range of abilities
WAIS is made especially for adults.
WAIS measures only verbal ability
23
Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments & can easily learn new songs. This exemplifies _ intelligence
logical-mathematical
linguistics
musical
spatial
24
An intelligence score that falls below __indicates cognitive delays and may be indicative of an intellectual disability.
130
40
70
100
25
The two main components of grammar are ________.
phonemes and morphemes
semantics and syntax
top-down processing and bottom-up processing
prototype construction and linguistic relativity