Chapter 17-20 Review

A seven-member committee that became the leading policy-making body of the Communist Party in Russia

the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down

What was the immediate impact of the terrorist attack in the United States on September 11, 2001?

A group of fundamentalist Muslims who took control of Afghanistan's government in 1996

barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region

President of the US during the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis

Term applied to a group of developing countries who professed nonalignment during the Cold War.

Mikhail Gorbachev called for more openness with the nations of West, and a relaxing of restraints on Soviet Union

American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world

Who were most of the Vietcong?

A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952)

negotiations between the US and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1969 to limit weapons

During the war in Korea, what did President Truman and Douglas MacArthur disagree strongly about?

a nation in which the process of industrialization is not yet complete

An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation.

Soviet leader of the 1980s who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War

What unexpected turn of events occurred in postwar Vietnam involving the United States?

1968 and 1972; Republican; Vietnam: advocated "Vietnamization" (replace US troops with Vietnamese),

What event increased U.S. spending on education and technology?

the Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, beginning in 1987.

During the war in Korea, what did President Truman and Douglas MacArthur disagree strongly about?

Who were most of the Vietcong?

US federal agency created in 2002 to coordinate national efforts against terrorism

What statement did Joseph Stalin make shortly after President Truman’s succession?

In the 1940s and 1950s, what did the region described as being “behind the iron curtain” include?

Why did the UN fail in its plan to create a Palestinian State in the late 1940s?

What led the Soviets to blockade West Berlin?

The extremist Islamic group that seized control of Afghanistan during the 1990s was known as the

A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union without bloodshed

Communist leader of North Vietnam

How did the “Bay of Pigs” failure lead to the Cuban missile crisis?

Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927)

Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.

What was the name of the alliance established by European Communist nations in response to NATO?

independent countries that remained neutral in the Cold War competition between the United States and the Soviet Union

What action did General MacArthur take during the Korean War that immediately led to his discharge?

Communist guerrillas who, with the help of North Vietnam, fought against the South Vietnamese in the Vietnam War.

Why did the United States shift from a policy of brinkmanship to detente?

A 1949 defense alliance initiated by the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations

relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China

What was the name of the alliance established by European Communist nations in response to NATO?

Line that divided Korea - Soviet Union occupied the north and United States occupied the south, during the Cold War.

What was the primary goal for the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan?

Acts of violence designed to promote a specific ideology or agenda by creating panic among an enemy population

A country with a modern industrial society and a well-developed economy.

Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology

A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West

Following circumstances contributed to the breakdown of the alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union?

South African statesman who was released from prison to become the nation's first democratically elected president in

treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain

U.S. general. Commander of U.S. (later Allied) forces in the southwestern Pacific during World War II

used the Strategic Defense Initiative to avoid conflict. Met with Gorbachev were the first steps to ending the Cold War.