Which of these is not one of the central reasons Christianity enjoyed growth during the first centuries of the Church?

The cooperation of some Roman emperors in promoting love and charity

During the Renaissance the Church cautioned against:

confusing worldly beauty with the unfathomable beauty of God’s glory

The Catholic Church was one of the major victims of the French Revolution because

she had been associated with the French monarchy

The Bible was widely distributed during the last half of the fifteenth century due to

Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press

At the historic meeting between Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople in 1964

both lifted the mutual excommunication between Catholic and Orthodox Church

A controversy erupted at the end of the third century in which Church leaders began to teach that:

Christians should not be part of the military

Which of these statements about the great fire that swept through Rome in AD 64 is incorrect?

The Jews in Rome turned in the Christians to Roman authorities

Rome became the preeminent patriarchate because:

St. Peter had been the first bishop there and had died there

John Knox stressed the baptism of all believers which meant that

everyone is a priest and therefore there was no need for a separate clergy

The Donation of Pepin was a:

grant to the pope of a strip of land in the middle of the Italian peninsula

St. Thomas Aquinas, father of Scholasticism, believed in...

Reason and Christian principles

which of these is FALSE regarding Vatican II

it moved away from attempts at ecumenical dialogue

The Council of Trent had two primary goals: reforming problems related to the clergy and religious life and ...

clearly stating Church doctrine on matters that were distorted by reformers

One of the reasons the early Church taught that her authority was given by Christ to his apostles was to:

counteract false witnesses of the Christian faith

Much of the early missionary success on the continent of Africa was later undermined by:

the Muslim conquest of northern Africa

Pope Francis described his vision of the Churches

a Church that is poor and for the poor

The Papal States were lost in the nineteenth century due to:

a revolution in Italy which sought unification

The Papal Inquisition:

an attempt to curtail the Albigensian heresy

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Church History Final Exam Review Master 2025

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1
Which of these is not one of the central reasons Christianity enjoyed growth during the first centuries of the Church?
The ease of communication and travel
The cooperation of some Roman emperors in promoting love and charity
The Pax Romana
Christians cared for one another and backed up their words with actions
2
both ____ and his sister, St. Scholastica, found separate monasteries for men and women
st. Jerome
justinian
st. Benedict
Constantine
3
___ assumed power of revolutionary French army in a coup d’état and occupied Rome, imprisoning the Pope(died soon after)
Francis Bacon
Immanuel Kant
Napoleon Bonaparte
Maximilien Robespierre
4
He had one of the briefest papacies in the long history of the Church
Pope John XXIII
Pope John Paul I
Pope Paul VI
St. Pope John Paul II
5
During the Renaissance the Church cautioned against:
spending too much money on art and not the Church’s charities
confusing worldly beauty with the unfathomable beauty of God’s glory
all of these
spreading the Gospel to non-European areas of the world
6
A vision St. Peter had in addition to his encounter with a gentile named Cornelius, gave Peter the impetus to:
summon St. Paul to become a Christian
begin baptizing women into the new Church
ordain St. Stephen and six other men to the diaconate
evangelize Gentiles
7
The political revolutions spawned by Enlightenment ideas ended the Church as a political power in Europe but also:
purified the Church
forced the Church to begin her missionary work in the New World
all of the above
gave the Church a stronger voice in politics
8
Apostle to the Gentiles
St. Paul
St. Peter
St. James
St. Thomas
9
The cathedrals of the Renaissance served as:
a reflection of the glory of the Church and the Kingdom of God
opportunities emphasize the styles of ancient Greek and Roman architecture
all of these
opportunities to pray and share more about the faith
10
The Bishop of Rome and the successor to St. Peter and leader of the whole Church
Cardinal Otero
the bishop
The Pope
the Orthodox Partriarch
11
The Catholic Church was one of the major victims of the French Revolution because
she had been associated with the French monarchy
her promotion of human rights
of her support for the Third Estate
support for philosophers such as René Descartes and Voltaire
12
The Bible was widely distributed during the last half of the fifteenth century due to
a heightened interest studying the Bible in languages of Hebrew and Greek
a mandate by the pope to put the Gospels into the hands of all Christian
Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press
the publication of St. Jerome’s Latin Vulgate
13
The bishop of Rome was important in the early Church because:
Christians referred to Church of Rome as measure for fidelity to teaching
he was the successor of St. Peter, the first bishop of Rome
all of these
other bishops looked to Rome’s bishop for leadership when disputes arose
14
At the historic meeting between Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople in 1964
the Pope returned relics
They mutually decided to rewrite the Nicaean-Constantinopolitan creed
both lifted the mutual excommunication between Catholic and Orthodox Church
the Orthodox Church pledged to recognize the Pope as the head of Church
15
A controversy erupted at the end of the third century in which Church leaders began to teach that:
Bishops could marry
Roman citizens could become Christian if they renounced the pagan gods
Christians should not be part of the military
Christian worship should take place on the Sabbath, not on Sunday
16
The creed of Martin Luther’s new religion
The Institutes of Christian Religion
The Augsburg Confession
The Peace of Westphalia
The Diet of Worms
17
The _____ missionaries were first to arrive in the United States: in what is now California, the Southwest, the Southest
Portuguese
Spanish
Italian
French
18
Which of these statements about the great fire that swept through Rome in AD 64 is incorrect?
The fire prompted a persecution of Christians
Christians were unable to defend themselves because lacked power/influence
The Jews in Rome turned in the Christians to Roman authorities
Tacitus says the fire was caused by the emperor Nero
19
Election of Pope Francis inspired many fallen away Catholics and noncatholics to take a new look at the Church(known as)
"the new world order"
"aggiornamento" = bringing up to date
"the Francis effect"
"the conversion reversion"
20
The monastery at Cluny:
sought to free the church from secular control
all of these responses
founded many connected monasteries that were answerable only to Cluny
had free elections of abbots and was answerable only to the Pope
21
Rome became the preeminent patriarchate because:
All of these
St. Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles, lived and died there
It was the seat of the Roman government
St. Peter had been the first bishop there and had died there
22
The revolutionary government of France attempted to set up a new state religion by
seizing churches and converting them into “Temples of Reason”
replacing the Christian calendar with a secular calendar
all of these
ceasing the celebration of Sunday and of all Christian holidays
23
John Knox stressed the baptism of all believers which meant that
all of these
any Christian can rightfully baptize another person
everyone is a priest and therefore there was no need for a separate clergy
the only legitimate sacrament is Baptism
24
He taught that “religion is the opiate of the people.”
Rene Descartes
Karl Marx
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson
25
The settlers of the original 13 colonies were predominatly
Deists
Catholic
Protestant
Orthodox Christians
26
The ____ determined that Gentiles could be accepted into the Church.
Second Vatican Council
Council of Antioch
Council of Jerusalem
Council of Trent
27
The Donation of Pepin was a:
grant to the pope of a strip of land in the middle of the Italian peninsula
grant given by Pepin to establish schools and universities
military strategy by the Franks to deal with Muslim attacks
a gift of land where the Monastery of Cluny would be built
28
St. Thomas Aquinas, father of Scholasticism, believed in...
Literal interpretation of the Bible
Mysticism
Reason and Christian principles
Greek philosophy
29
The anti-Catholic sentiment in the United States subsided for a time
after the Civil War
during the early 20th century
after colonization began in the 1600's
during the American Revolution
30
which of these is FALSE regarding Vatican II
it moved away from attempts at ecumenical dialogue
this council would be unlike previous councils
it was called by Pope John XXIII
it met in 4 sessions over 3 years and produced 16 documents
31
The handing on of the teaching and preaching, and office of the Apostles.
Apostolic Succession
Deposit of Faith
Magisterium
Relics
32
The Council of Trent had two primary goals: reforming problems related to the clergy and religious life and ...
assembling the Index of Forbidden Books
compiling a list of names of those reformers who had drifted into heresy
sending missionaries to the New World
clearly stating Church doctrine on matters that were distorted by reformers
33
One of the reasons the early Church taught that her authority was given by Christ to his apostles was to:
None of these
Stave off persecution of the early followers
counteract false witnesses of the Christian faith
entice their fellow Jews to accept Jesus as Messiah
34
the ___ made important spiritual reforms including the use of the vernacular with the faithful, etc...
third council of Constantinople
council of Florence
fourth lateran council
second vatican council
35
Much of the early missionary success on the continent of Africa was later undermined by:
the inability of the African nations to coexist in peace
widespread African beliefs in animism
the inability to communicate with the various tribal coalitions
the Muslim conquest of northern Africa
36
The colonizers, including some of the missionaries, often thought of the native populations as
naïve
hapless
inferior
greedy
37
Who blamed the Christians for a fire that swept through Rome in AD 64?
Decius
polycarp
Diocletian
Nero
38
Pope Francis described his vision of the Churches
a martyr to social trends which are immoral
a return to simplicity
a Church that is poor and for the poor
defender of Sacred Tradition
39
French Revolution was a time:
when scientific achievement was touted
all of these
when religion was violently attacked and ridiculed
that brought societal upheaval that led to prejudice and persecution
40
St. Pope John Paul II
stressed everyone has role in turning the world towards Christ
stressed need for laity to build the Kingdom of God through reevangeliztion
warned laity against separating one's Christian life from secular life
all of these
41
The Papal States were lost in the nineteenth century due to:
the Syllabus of Errors issued by the Pope
a revolution in Italy which sought unification
a declaration made by the bishops and pope at the First Vatican Council
all of these
42
The first bishop of the US, elected by his fellow Jesuits:
John Neumann
John Carroll
James Gibbons
John Hughes
43
The word that best describes the papacy during the 9th to 11th centuries.
hapless
devout
well-educated
corrupt
44
became secretary to the pope who commissioned him to translate the Bible from Hebrew to Greek to Latin known as Vulgate
st. Jerome
Maxentius
st. cyril of Alexandria
patriarch Micheal cerularius of Constantinople
45
Famous work is his Against Heresies, where he described/condemned various heresies, Gnosticism, denying Jesus' divinity
St Justin Martyr
St. Cyprian of Carthage
St. Irenaeus of Lyon
St. Polycarp of Smyrna
46
Which of these is a correct understanding of papal infallibility?
anything that the pope says is correct
Church teachings do not need to be clarified
popes do not sin
none of these
47
Which of these reformers is most closely linked with the Oath of Supremacy?
Ulrich Zwingli
John Calvin
King Henry VIII
Martin Luther
48
Sometimes the missionaries:
initiated forced conversions
All of these
used the Gospel for political purposes
refused to ordain native men as priests
49
During the Industrial Revolution, the Church spoke up for the poor and children who worked in factories
False
True
50
the actions that changes bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ
Chalice
Advocate
Transubstantiation
Temple
51
The Papal Inquisition:
a restructuring of the papacy in response to the Papal Schism
a way in which Pope Gregory VII retaliated against the emperor Henry IV
an attempt to curtail the Albigensian heresy
a response to the strained relations between the East and the West
52
Fr. Karol Wojtyla (John Paul II)
lived under oppression of the Nazis and tyranny of the Soviet Union
named a bishop by Pope Pius XII rather late in his life
all of these
spent majority of his priestly life as head of the papal household
53
Greek word "ekklesia" means
Church
freedom
freckled
salvation
54
The forerunners of religious communities today began in the early Church,men and women set out to follow Christ by:
writing epistles to local communities of Christians
seeking martyrdom
practicing apostolic succession
practicing the evangelical counsels
55
The Book of Revelation was written in coded language:
to avoid frightening people unnecessarily about the end of the world
in order to root out Christians who promoted heretical beliefs or practices
the author could criticize the emperor without risking further persecution
all of these
56
Secured the authority of the pope and stabilized the Church after the fall of the Roman Empire
St Jerome
Pope Gregory the Great
St Ephrem
St Augustine
57
The 3rd Plenary Council of Baltimore decided that every Catholic parish should
have its own school
all of the above
be governed by a lay board of parishoners
be served by a priest of the same ethnicity
58
Tirelessly defended the Catholic faith against heresies.
Pope Gregory the Great
St Augustine
St Ephrem
St Jerome
59
The first surviving outline of the Rite of Eucharist comes from:
B. the monks at Monte Cassino in the fourth century
D. Justin Martyr about in the year 155
C. the desert hermits about at the end of the first century AD
A. the Second Council of Constantinople in 553
60
Who blamed the Christians for a fire that swept through Rome in AD 64?
polycarp
Decius
Nero
Diocletian
61
Which of these individuals was not directly involved with the formation of Catholic Schools in the US?
John Carroll
Katherine Drexel
John Neumann
Elizabeth Ann Seton
62
Which of these statements is false about St. Paul?
went on three missionary journeys
wrote letters to local Churches
first met Jesus on the day of his crucifixion
was martyred along with St Peter about 65AD
63
The followers of Jesus distinguished themselves from other Jews when they:
received the Sacrament of Baptism
all of these responses
expected the coming the Messiah
broke bread during meals
64
Pope Benedict XVI is remembered for his
extensive library of deep theology writings
deep concern for environmental issues
efforts to sabatoge Nazis in WWII
cannonization of more saints than any other pope in history
65
Which of these statements is false about St. Paul?
first met Jesus on the day of his crucifixion
went on three missionary journeys
was martyred along with St Peter about 65AD
wrote letters to local Churches
66
___________, the bishop of Rome, is leader of the whole Church, the successor to Peter.
The bishop
none of these
Cardinal Otero
The Pope
67
The Church is
the child of God
The Body of Christ
an exclusive club
the gateway to Heaven
68
The Church adopted a Roman style of administration by:
modeling parishes on Roman political divisions
all of these
establishing a senatorial body
separating citizens into 3 social classes
69
The Pope’s residence is known as the _____.
Apartementati
seat of St. Peter
Holy See
Vaticanus
70
The first catcholic president of the US who had to combat anti-catholic prejudice
Al Smith
Richard Nixon
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
John F. Kennedyi
71
The Church was instituted by:
St. Peter and Paul
Jesus Christ
none of these
the necessity of separating the first followers of Jesus
72
This humanitarian relief organization was established by the bishops of the US in 1943
Catholic Relief Services
Jesuit Refugee Service
Society for the Propagation of the Faith
Catholic Charities
73
The Church's alliance with pagan tribes provided
all of the above
income to the Papal States
security and defense for Western Europe
a model of chivarly
74
Both Pope John Paul II and Pope Benedict XVI
all of these
feard the enormous influence of the US on the world stage as too big
were elected on the first ballot of the papal conclave (election)
were staunch opponents of "moral relativism"
75
He criticized the financial policies of the Avignon papacy
John Wyclif
St. Francis of Assisi
the Knights Templar
Thomas a' Kempis
76
Christianity arrived in _____ very early, perhaps as early as the first and second centuries.
China
Africa
Japan
the "New World"
77
Which of these saints is most closely associated with the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes?
none of the above
Rose Philippine Duchesne
John Vianney
Bernadette Soubirous
78
In response to WWI, Pope Benedict XV
petitioned Kaiser Wilhelm II to surrender
presented a 7 point peace plan to the international community
resigned the papacy
called a Church council to address the humanitarian crisis
79
Many capitalists embraced the concept of ____ which was based on the theory of the "survival of the fittest"
Modernism
Materialism
Social Darwinism
Socialism
80
In Rerum Novarum the pope defended
the right to a living wage
all of these
the right to unionize
the right of the state to defend workers
81
The writings of the Church Fathers ...
explain the collapse of the Roman Empire to their contemporaries
formulate doctrine for all time
helped combat heresy
all of these options
82
The Church must address and communicate the truth by
protecting the environment
welcoming and caring for migrants and combating poverty
protecting life from conception to natural death
all of these
83
Martin Luther’s response to Pope Leo X’s papal bull Exsurge Domine:
he burned it
he requested a meeting with the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V
he requested a meeting with the pope
he had it read at all the gatherings of his followers
84
Unam Sanctum was
a document promising sanctuary to survivors of Black Death.
German princes' agreement to elect a monarch.
the document that officially ended the Great Schism.
Pope's claims of supremacy over religious & state affairs
85
He wrote the famous Apology to show that Christian moral life is based on ethics.
St Cyprian
St Justin Martyr
St Polycarp
St Irenaeus of Lyons
86
Jesus’ actions on earth, such as _____, were oriented to the Kingdom of God
praying and preaching the good news
all of these
performing miracles
giving moral teachings
87
Perhaps the most prominent of all the works of the Renaissance was
Raphael’s School of Athens, depicts a conversation with Plato and Aristotle
the design and construction of St. John Lateran Church
Giotto’s 28 frescoes of the life of St. Francis in the Basilica in Assisi
the design and construction of St. Peter’s Basilica
88
Which of these Roman emperors instigated a persecution of Christians during the first three centuries of the Church?
Diocletian
all of these
Domitian
Decius
89
The Church is the place that Jesus Christ remains present
False
True
90
Without an emperor in the West, the Church:
grew in power and prestige
formed alliances with invading Barbarians
took over the political divisions and structures of the empire
all of these
91
The word __________ refers to a specific community of believers under the leadership of a bishop.
fold
fellowship
club
diocese
92
Which is NOT a theme of Pope John Paul II encyclicals?
reform in the process of selecting bishops
necessity of balance between faith and reason
importance of work and human dignity
defense of human life
93
Bishop of Smyrna
Polycarp
Ignatius
Tertullian
Irenaeus
94
When the Soviet Union set up communism in Hungary,Yugoslavia,Poland and more
they required all local bishops be replaced by Soviet-appointed bishops
public worship was outlawed,schools/property confiscated,priests exciled
all of these
catholics were given the option to join Eastern Orthodox Churches
95
Protestant congregations constructed churches in a way that:
replaced the altar with a simple, more ordinary table
all of these
which emphasized the reading of Scripture and the sermon
were mostly devoid of religious architectural feature
96
Which of these was NOT one of the topics taken up at Vatican II
bishops defined the dogma of papal infallibility
reminding all Catholics that everyone is called to holiness
encourage the faithful to read the Bible more
promotion of issues related to social justice
97
The followers of Jesus had a practice that distinguished them from other Jews when they:
expected the coming of the messiah
broke bread during meals
made pilgrimages to the Temple in Jerusalem
all of these
98
The leaders of seafaring nations in Europe primarily viewed colonization as:
a source of financial benefit
a chance to fulfill the human desire for adventure
an opportunity to Christianize and convert the native populations
a means of ridding their nations of the interference of the Church
99
What dilemma confronted the Church during WWI?
How the Church should respond when Catholics fight on both sides of war
all of these
should the Church form a military response to the aggressive nations
Is it moral for Catholics to fight in a war
100
Which of these statements is false regarding Martin Luther?
doctorate - theology, sent to University of Wittenberg,taught moral theoloy
had overwhelming sense of unworthiness,dread of sin,fear of death,judgment
He had been a German priest, a friar in the Augustinian Order
He planned to cause a schism in the Church posting his 95 Theses in 1517

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